게시글 본문내용
|
동치미 겨울,동 冬 한자어원은 알타이어와 드라비다어에 있다. Proto-Turkic: *doŋ 드라비다어 탄-->찬 cold의 뜻 탄<-->탕 모음의 변화는 유동적이다. 우리말 기본형 차다 인데 과거음은 트드-->타드-->타다-->차다 활용형 튼-->통(비음)-->동 터키어 퉁 과거발음은 통 --->동 이다. 드라비다어 tan과 어원이 같으며 우리말 차다의 활용 찬 과 어원이 같다. 발음상 변화일 뿐이다. 한자발음을 터키어에서 차용하였다. 말이 있고 글자가 있다. 인류에게 있어 말의 역사는 인류가 생기면서부터이고 문자는 아주 극히 짧다. 인류역사로 치면 극히 최근에 문자가 발생하였다. 투르크어는 그만큼 역사가 깊다.한자발음들을 알타이어에서도 많이 가져 온다. 수메르어에도 다루어질 정도다. 물론 한자이전 한자발음의 기반이 된 산스크리트어와 드라비다어도 있다. 한자는 고작해야 3000년이 조금 넘을까.
Proto-Altaic: *tuŋa Nostratic: Nostratic  Eurasiatic: *tVŋV Meaning: cold Dravidian: *tan?- Proto-Dravidian : *tan?- Meaning : 1 cold 2 satisfied Proto-South Dravidian: *tan? Proto-South Dravidian : *tan? Meaning : cold Tamil : tan? Tamil meaning : cold, cool; grace, love Tamil derivates : tan?uppu chilliness, cold; tan?n??r, tan?n?i cold water, water; tat?pam cold, coolness, fanning cold and other acts necessary for cooling the body, love, mercy; tan?n?am coldness, coolness; tan?n?-en_al expr. of (a) being cool, refreshing, (b) being merciful; tan?pu coldness, coolness; tan?mai id., calmness, gentleness, agreeableness; tan?al shade, shady spot; tan?i (-v-, -nt-) to be allayed, mitigated, appeased, soothed, abate, go out (fire); (-pp-, -tt-) to relieve, appease, satisfy, moderate, put out, extinguish; n. coolness, coldness; tan?ivu abatement, etc. Malayalam : tan? Malayalam meaning : cold Malayalam derivates : tan?n??r, tan?n?i cold water, drinking water; tan?ukka to grow cold, be cool, be refreshed, assuaged; tan?uppu coldness, moisture, appeasing; tan?uppikka to cool, refresh; tan?uvu cold; tan?al shade, shady spot; tan?iyuka to grow cool, be subdued; tan?ikka to cool, subdue, calm; tan?uvu, tan?ma coldness Kannada : tan? Kannada meaning : coolness, cold Kannada derivates : tan?n??r cold or cool water; tan?asu, tan?isu, tan?n?asa coldness, frigidity, cold, coolness, wetness; tan?i to grow cool, be refreshed, satisfied, calmed, appeased, be subdued, get feeble or fatigued; n. shame, modesty; tan?ipu, tan?isu to satisfy, repress, appease; tan?ivu satiety, satiation; tan?n?age, tan?n?ane cool, cold, cooling, refreshing, in good health, happy, calm, finished (as work), extinguished (as a light); tan?n?itu, tan?n?ittu that is cold, coldness; tan?pu coolness, a cooling, refreshing quality, happiness; tampu, tambu coolness, coldness, wetness, refreshing quality, satisfaction; taŋgal?a, taŋgal?u any cold food as rice, bread, etc., stale food; ? tad?i wet, damp, moistness; (Hav.) cen?d?i wet Kodagu : tan?i- (tan?iv-, tan?in?j-) Kodagu meaning : (thing) becomes cold Kodagu derivates : tan??, tan??p? coolness; tan?n?ane comfortably, without trouble (of living); taŋ-g?l?? rice cooked previous day Tulu : tan?u, tanu Tulu meaning : coolness, cold, quenching, appeasement Tulu derivates : tan?n??r cold water; tan?asu?, tanasu? wetness, dampness; wet; tan?ipuni, tanipuni to cool, pacify, soothe, comfort; tan?iyuni, taniyuni to become cool, calm; tan?n?asu?, tan?n?i cold; tannena cold, cool; talmena, tan?n?ana, tan?n?u?men?a refreshment, revival, relief; tampu coolness, cold; cool, cold; tan?n?ana rice boiled in the preceding evening, stale food; can?d?i wetness; wet, moist, humid; saniyuni to become cold, be cool, be softened; san?ipuni, sanipuni to cool, render cool, refresh, set at ease; sanip?vuni to make cold or cool, pacify, conciliate, comfort; sampu coolness, coldness, sufficiency, competency, plenty, abundance; cool, cold, refreshing, pleasant, mild, sufficient, plenty; coolly, gently; samp?vuni to become calm or cool; cammi dampness, moisture; (B-K) can?d?ru cold water Number in DED : 3045 Proto-Telugu : *tan- Proto-Telugu : *tan- Meaning : to be satisfied or contented Telugu : taniyu Additional forms : Also taniyincu to satisfy; tanivi satisfaction, contentment; tanupu to satisfy; n. satisfaction, content, coolness Number in DED : 3045 Meaning: cold, frost Russian meaning: холод, мороз Turkic: *doŋ Proto-Turkic: *doŋ Meaning: 1 cold 2 frost 3 frozen 4 freeze, be frozen Russian meaning: 1 холодный 2 мороз 3 замерзший 4 замерзать Old Turkic: toŋ- 4 (OUygh.) Karakhanid: toŋ 2, 3 (MK) Turkish: don 2 Tatar: tuŋ 2 Middle Turkic: toŋ- 4 (Pav. C.) Uighur: toŋ- 4, toŋ 2, 3 Sary-Yughur: tot 1 Azerbaidzhan: don 2, don- 4 Turkmen: doŋ 3, doŋ- 4 Khakassian: t?-r- 4 Chuvash: tъ?m 2 'frost' Yakut: toŋ- 4, toŋ 3 Dolgan: toŋ- 4, toŋ 3 Tuva: doŋ 3, doŋ- 4 Tofalar: doŋ 3, doŋ- 4 Kirghiz: toŋ 2, toŋ- 4 Comments: VEWT 488, EDT 513, 515, ЭСТЯ 3, 265-267, Лексика 17, Stachowski 226. Mongolian: *da?ara- Tungus-Manchu: *doŋota Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *doŋota Meaning: 1 cold, frost 2 to ice up, freeze Russian meaning: 1 мороз 2 обледеневать, замерзать Evenki: doŋoto 1 Negidal: doŋoto- 2 Ulcha: doqomdu?- 1 Orok: doGdo 'hoard of frozen fish' Comments: ТМС 1, 216.
또는 입안을 적시는거 즙 쥬스 마시는 것을 뜻하기도 한다. 아래어원자료를 참고하면 이 두가지 뜻을 어원상으로 동시에 가지고 있다. Proto-Altaic: *?i??mi Nostratic: Nostratic Eurasiatic: *Sem[H]V Meaning: to swallow Borean: Borean Borean (approx.) : CVMV Meaning : to swallow Sino-Caucasian : ? ST *ci?m(H) 'soak, submerge'; *c?a?m 'moisten, soak'; *c?h??mH 'gruel, soup' Austric : *CVm Proto-Austric: *CVm Meaning: to dampen, immerse Proto-Austroasiatic: Viet. to?m immerse Proto-Austronesian: *k'?mk'?m Austronesian meaning: dampen Proto-Thai: ZhT *com (Ben.) immerse References: Ben 2701, Peiros 1998, 93 (with doubts) African (misc.) : Cf. Macro-Khoisan *c?[K]U[m] "to suck". Uralic: *s??me Number: 1606 Proto: *s??me English meaning: gulp, drink; to drink, swallow German meaning: Trunk, Schluck; trinken, schlucken Finnish: siemi (gen. siemen) 'Trunk, Trank', siemaise- 'schluckweise trinken, schlucken, verschlucken', sieme, siemy, siemyt 'Schluck, wieviel man auf einmal hinunterschluckt' ( > Est. dial. sima- 'gierig trinken mit sehr großen Schlucken'; Saam. L siepmalin ~ siepmanin 'in einem Zug, ohne zu schlucken, in sich hineinsch?tten') Estonian: seem (gen. seeme), so?o?m (gen. so?o?me) 'Trunk, Schluck' Mordovian: s?ime- (E), s?imo- (M) 'trinken' Kartvelian: ? *s?im- 'wet' (cf. also *c?ump?- 205) Proto-Kartvelian: *s?im- Russian meaning: мокрый, влага English meaning: damp, liquid (n.) Georgian: sim-ur- Georgian meaning (Rus.): вода Georgian meaning (Engl.): water Megrel: ?im-e Megrel meaning (Rus.): мокрый, влага Megrel meaning (Eng.): damp, liquid (n.) Notes and references: EWK 317. Comments: For PIE cf. rather PA *?o??mo 'dive, scoop' (2193) Meaning: to suck, soak Russian meaning: сосать, впитывать Turkic: *sim?- Proto-Turkic: *sim?- / *s?m?- Meaning: to suck, swallow Russian meaning: сосать Karakhanid: sim?r- (MK) Turkish: s?m-, s?m?r- Uzbek: simir- Uighur: s?m?r- Azerbaidzhan: s?m?r- Turkmen: s?m?r- Chuvash: sim, s?m 'honey drink' Kazakh: simir- Noghai: simir- Bashkir: hi?mi?r- Karakalpak: simir- Mongolian: *sime Proto-Mongolian: *sime Meaning: 1 juice, sap 2 to suck 3 to soak Russian meaning: 1 сок 2 сосать 3 впитывать Written Mongolian: sime 1, sime-, simi- 2, simed- 3 (L 709) Khalkha: ?im 1, ?ime- 2, ?imde- 3 Buriat: ?eme 1, ?eme- 2 Kalmuck: ?im; ?im?-, ??m- 1 Ordos: ?ime 1, ?ime- 2 Shary-Yoghur: ??me 1, ??me- 2 Mogol: ?imi- 2 Comments: KW 357-358, 371, MGCD 717. Cf. also *sim-bu- 'to dive'. Mong. > Man. simi- etc. (ТМС 2, 87; Doerfer MT 119; Rozycki 183). Mong. > Yak. sim-. Tungus-Manchu: *?ime- Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *?ime- Meaning: to soak; suck Russian meaning: просачиваться; сосать Even: ?i?mъ?l- Literary Manchu: ?ime- Ulcha: ?ime- Nanai: ?ime- Comments: ТМС 2, 394. Korean: *s??m??i- Proto-Korean: *s??m??i- Meaning: to soak, permeate Russian meaning: впитываться, просачиваться Modern Korean: s?mi- Middle Korean: s??m??i- Japanese: *si?m- Proto-Japanese: *si?m- Meaning: to soak Russian meaning: впитываться, просачиваться Old Japanese: sim- Middle Japanese: si?m- Tokyo: shi?mi- Kyoto: shi?mi?- Kagoshima: shimi?- Comments: JLTT 751. Comments: Ozawa 223, KW 358, Lee 1958, 117, АПиПЯЯ 17, Martin 242, Whitman 1985, 127, 212, Martin 1996, 82. Korean has a not quite clear high tone; otherwise correspondences are quite regular. Proto-Altaic: *te??mo Meaning: to drip, soak Russian meaning: капать, мокнуть Turkic: *dam Proto-Turkic: *dam Meaning: 1 drop 2 to drop Russian meaning: 1 капля 2 капать Karakhanid: tam- 2 (MK) Turkish: dam- 2 Tatar: tam- 2 Uzbek: t?m- Uighur: tam- 2 Azerbaidzhan: dam- 2 Turkmen: dam- 2 Oyrat: tam- 2 Chuvash: tom-la- 2 Yakut: tammax 1 Tuva: dam-d? 1 Tofalar: tam-d? 1 Kirghiz: tam- 2 Kazakh: tam- 2 Noghai: tam- 2 Bashkir: tam- 2 Balkar: tam- 2 Gagauz: dam-na 1 Karaim: tam- 2 Karakalpak: tam- 2 Kumyk: tam- 2 Korean: *ta??m- Proto-Korean: *ta??m- Meaning: to soak, immerse Russian meaning: мочить, окунать Modern Korean: tamg?- Middle Korean: ta??m- Japanese: *ta?ma?r- Proto-Japanese: *ta?ma?r- Meaning: to accumulate (of water) Russian meaning: скапливаться (о воде и пр.) Old Japanese: tamar- Middle Japanese: ta?ma?r- Tokyo: ta?mar- Kyoto: ta?ma?r- Kagoshima: tama?r- Comments: JLTT 762. Comments: In Turkic one would rather expect *da?m: perhaps the variants *dam and *d?m reflect original *da?m with later interdialectal borrowings. Proto-Dravidian : *C?d_- (*k?-?) Meaning : juice, sap; broth Proto-South Dravidian: *S?r_- Proto-South Dravidian : *S?r_- Meaning : juice, sap Tamil : c?r_u Tamil meaning : juice, sap, water in which aromatic substances are infused, pepper water Tamil derivates : c?r_u sap, juice, sweetness, tastiness, toddy, honey, treacle Malayalam : c?r_u Malayalam meaning : sap as of a palm tree, broth or soup, infusion, decoction Kannada : c?r_u, s?r_u Kannada meaning : sap, juice, broth, relish in a liquid state, well-seasoned sauce, pepper water Tulu : c?ru? Tulu meaning : a kind of pepper water Tulu derivates : s?ru? sap, soup, broth Number in DED : 2484 Proto-Telugu : *c?r- (*-r_-?) Proto-Telugu : *c?r- (*-r_-?) Meaning : tamarind soup or broth Telugu : c?ru Merolu Telugu : c?ru "a kind of curry" Number in DED : 2484 Proto-Gondi-Kui : *??d_- (*-j-) Proto-Gondi-Kui : *??d_- (*-j-) Meaning : curry Notes : Good parallels in SDR. Notes : Assimilation in PGn (or in PKK). If Parji k?d 'broth' belongs here (and it could well do), the root is to be reconstructed with *k?-. 김치를 담그다 국어사전 담그다 [동사] 1. 액체 속에 넣다. 2. 김치ㆍ술ㆍ장ㆍ젓갈 따위를 만드는 재료를 버무리거나 물을 ... 영어사전 담그다 1. (액체에) soak, immerse; (살짝 넣었다 빼다) dip; (음식 등을) steep 2. (김치·젓.. 그러면 沈 잠길,침 이나 浸 적실,침 이라는 발음은 어디서 오는가? 영어에도 dip이 있다. 영어사전 dip 1. (액체에) 살짝 담그다 2. (아래로) 내려가다; 내려가게 하다 ㅍ-->ㅂ-->ㅁ 발음변천과정 ㅌ-->ㅊ 발음변천과정 틒-->팊-->딥-->딤 틒-->답-->담 틒-->팊-->칩-->침(우리말 한자발음) 늪 도 같은 어원이다. 틒-->듶-->릎-->늪 틒-->듶-->릅-->늠-->느므-->누마(늪;일본어) 틒-->듶-->릅-->립-->닙-->입(入 들,입 한자발음) 틒-->듶-->즢-->집(반모음성질)-->입(들,입 入 한자발음) 드삐---> 들어(enter,get in)의 경상도사투리 Proto-Altaic: *depo ( ~ -b-) Nostratic: Nostratic Eurasiatic: *dVHbV Meaning: wet, dirty Kartvelian: *d?ab- Proto-Kartvelian: *d?ab- Russian meaning: марать English meaning: to besmear Georgian: d?ab- Svan: d?b- Notes and references: EWK 115. Ср. ПИЕ *tep- 'смазывать, макать', алт. *depu- 'мочить', урал. *tappa- 'ощупывать, лепить', драв. *tapp- 'ощупывать': вероятная ностр. реконструкция - *de?p?V (Иллич-Свитыч в МССНЯ 353 восстанавливает *t?ap?V 'ощупывать'). Meaning: wet, soak Russian meaning: мокрый, мокнуть Turkic: *je?bi- Proto-Turkic: *je?bi- Meaning: to become wet, soak Russian meaning: мокнуть Karakhanid: jebe 'dampness' (MK) Tatar: ?ebe- Uzbek: ivi- Uighur: ivi- Shor: ?ibi- Oyrat: d?ibi- Chuvash: s???ve 'whey' Yakut: sib?n- 'fresh' Kirghiz: ?ibi- Kazakh: ?ibi- Noghai: jibi- Bashkir: jebe- Karaim: jibi-, ibi- Karakalpak: ?ibi- Kumyk: jibi- Comments: EDT 872, VEWT 202, ЭСТЯ 4, 196-197. Except Uzb., Uygh., Chuv. and possibly Yak. all languages actually reflect *je?p- (*jip-); the Inlaut stop may be a result of secondary gemination, or reflect a merger with some other root. Original voiced *-b- ( > -v-), however, is well preserved in the derivative *je?bil?(?) 'wet' (Karaim j?v??, Tat. j?wi?, Bashk. ji?vi??). Turk. > Kalm. ??- 'durchn?ßt werden' (KW 114; although phonology is somewhat strange: one would rather expect Kalm. ?iw-). Mongolian: *debte- Proto-Mongolian: *debte- Meaning: to soak, become wet Russian meaning: мокнуть Written Mongolian: debte-, debt?- (L 239) Khalkha: devte- Buriat: debte- Kalmuck: dept?- Ordos: debte- Dagur: debte- (Тод. Даг. 135), derte- Shary-Yoghur: debt?- Monguor: t?bd?-, tud?- (SM 427) Mogol: ZM debt?l- `to make fall into the water' (15-3a) Tungus-Manchu: *deb- Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *debe- Meaning: 1 paste, fool 2 to paint 3 paint Russian meaning: 1 пастила, кисель 2 красить 3 краска Evenki: dewe- 2 Even: dewe- 2 Negidal: dewekse 3 Literary Manchu: debse 1 Ulcha: dewekse 3 Orok: dew?- 2 Oroch: dewukse, dewekse 3 Comments: ТМС 1, 227, 228. Comments: KW 88. A Western isogloss. |
다음검색
출처: 영어어원연구 원문보기 글쓴이: 나비우스
댓글
검색 옵션 선택상자
댓글내용선택됨
옵션 더 보기
