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10 十 10은 숫자의 마무리에 해당한다. 국어사전 매듭짓다 1. 노, 실, 끈 따위를 잡아매어 마디를 만들다. 2. 어떤 일을 순서에 따라 마무리하다. 영어사전 매듭짓다 settle, finish, (formal) conclude, (informal) wrap up 매듭의 어원 ① 노, 끈, 실같은 것으로 한가닥 또는 두가닥이상이 한 점에서 교차하면서 이루는 형태. ② 한자어로는 매집(每緝), 결(結), 결자(結子)등으로 표기되었다 10 베트남어 th?p [十]발음 [텁] deca, ten 덕 德 덕<-->덥 받침 ㄱ<-->ㅂ 호환 도오 일본어 10 틑-->트르-->틀-->튼-->텐 (ten 영어) 틑-->트르-->트흐-->틉-->듭-->돕-->도브-->도으-->도오(일본어) 틑-->트르-->트흐-->틉-->츱-->촙 틑-->트르-->트흐-->th번데기-->습-->십 (한국어 한자발음) 틑-->트르-->트흐-->틉-->텁(베트남어) 틑-->트르-->트흐-->틉-->딥-->집-->깁 틑-->트르-->트흐-->틉-->th번데기-->습-->십 즉 끝나는 수 이다. tet-->ter 트르-->th번데기-->슬(권설음 중국어 十 10) Chinese: "十" | Query method: Match substring Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *k(h)i?p Meaning: ten Chinese: 十 *g_ip ten.  Character: 十 Modern (Beijing) reading: shi? Preclassic Old Chinese: gip Classic Old Chinese: gip Western Han Chinese: gj?p Eastern Han Chinese: gj?p Early Postclassic Chinese: gjip Middle Postclassic Chinese: gjip Late Postclassic Chinese: gjip Middle Chinese: ??ip English meaning : be ten Russian meaning[s]: 1) десять; десятикратный; из десяти; 2) октябрь; 3) целиком, полностью, на 100% Comments: For unaspirated *g- cf. Xiamen cap8, Chaozhou cap8, Fuzhou sek8. Dialectal data: Dialectal data Number: 15 Character: 十 MC description : 深開三入緝襌 ZIHUI: 0577 0493 Beijing: s?i?_ 12 Jinan: s?i?_ 12 Xi'an: s?i?_ 12 Taiyuan: s?? 42 Hankou: si_ 12 Chengdu: si_ 12 Yangzhou: s?? 4 Suzhou: zo?? 42 Wenzhou: zai 42 Changsha: s?i?_ 4 Shuangfeng: s?i?_ 31 Nanchang: s?t 41 Meixian: s?p 42 Guangzhou: ?ap 42 Xiamen: sip 42 (lit.); cap 42 Chaozhou: cap 42 Fuzhou: sei? 42 Shanghai: za? 42 Zhongyuan yinyun: ?i 41 Radical: 24 Four-angle index: 2225 Karlgren code: 0686 a-d Vietnamese reading: tha??p Jianchuan Bai: c?2 Dali Bai: ci2 Bijiang Bai: ?er2 Burmese: kjip ten (in numbering of rational beings). Lushai: KC *kIp. Comments: Limbu gip-. Sh. 46; Ben. 19. Proto-Dravidian : *teg- Meaning : to be full, finished Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology Eurasiatic: *t?VkV Meaning: to be completed, exhausted Indo-European: *k?h?ei- Proto-IE: *dg?hey- Meaning: to disappear, to die Tokharian: ? A ktsets 'finished, perfect', B ktsaitse 'old (of age' (PT *ktsaitstse) (Adams 242 with doubts) Old Indian: ks?in???ti, ks?in?o?ti, ks?ayati `to destroy, corrupt, ruin', ptc. ks?ita?-, ks??na?-, pass. ks??ya?te; ks?aya- m. `loss, waste, wane', ks?i?ti- f. `wane, ruin, destruction' Avestan: gen. x?y? `Hinschwinden, Elend, Not', inf. x?ay? `um zu verderben' Old Greek: phthi?n?, phthinu?th?, aor. phth??sai, att. phthi?sai?, ephti?m?n, phthi?meno-, e?phthithen, pf. med. e?phthitai?, va. phthito?- `hinschwinden, vergehen, umkommen' bzw. `verschwinden machen, verzehren, vernichten'; phtho?? f. `Schwindsucht', phthi?si-s `das Schwinden, Abnehmen, Auzehrung, Schwindsucht' Latin: situs, -?s m. `Moder, Schmutz, Schimmel, Rost'; sitis, -is (acc. -im) f. `Durst' Russ. meaning: исчезать, погибать Altaic: *t`uki? Proto-Altaic: *t`uki? Meaning: to come to an end, be exhausted Russian meaning: заканчиваться, истощаться Turkic: *t?ke- Proto-Turkic: *t?ke- Meaning: to come to an end Russian meaning: кончаться, истощаться Old Turkic: t?ke- (Orkh., OUygh.) Turkish: t?ken- Tatar: t?gen- Middle Turkic: t?ken- (Sangl.) Uzbek: tuga-, tugan- Uighur: t?g?- Sary-Yughur: t?ke- Azerbaidzhan: t?k?n- Turkmen: t?ken- Khakassian: t?gel- Shor: t?gen- Oyrat: t?gen- Halaj: tiken- Yakut: t?ks?, t?g?s? 'enough, completely' Kirghiz: t?g?n- Kazakh: t?ges- Balkar: t?gen- Gagauz: t?ken- Karaim: t?gen-, tigen- Kumyk: t?gen- Mongolian: *t?g?s- Japanese: *tuku- Proto-Japanese: *tuku- Meaning: 1 to come to an end, be exhausted 2 to exhaust Russian meaning: 1 заканчивать(ся), истощать(ся) 2 истощать, исчерпывать Old Japanese: tuku- 1, tukus- 2 Middle Japanese: tu?ku?- 1, tu?ku?s- 2 Tokyo: tsuki?-, tsu?ki- 1; tsuku?s- 2; tsukare- 'be tired, exhausted' Kyoto: tsu?ki?- 1, tsu?ku?s- 2 Kagoshima: tsu?ki?-1, tsuku?s- 2 Comments: JLTT 773, 774. Accent is very diverse and hardly reconstructable in this root. Comments: KW 406, Владимирцов 154, Poppe 57, Miller 1981, 863 (Turk.-Jpn.). Despite Щербак 1997, 160, not borrowed in Turk. < Mong. It seems worth mentioning Evk. dial. ti?ko- `to die (of exhaustion), starve' - which may, however, be a derivative of tik- `to fall'. Eskimo-Aleut: *tuqu- (-t-) Proto-Eskimo: *tuqu- (-t-) Meaning: to die; to kill Russian meaning: умирать; убивать Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 354 References: ND 2287 *tap?ka 'attack, obstruct, prevent' (FP with quite dub. Turk., Sem.). Proto-South Dravidian: *teg- Proto-South Dravidian : *teg- Meaning : to be full, complete Tamil : tekul? (tekul?v-, tekun?t?-), tevil? (tevil?v-, tevin?t?-), tevul? (tevul?v-, tevun?t?-) Tamil meaning : to be full, increase, overflow Tamil derivates : tekiz? (-v-, -nt-) to be full; tekul?am fullness, abundance; tekut?t?u (tekut?t?i-) to cloy, glut; tekit?t?u surfeit; tevit?t?u (tevit?t?i-) to become full, be sated, glutted, cloyed; n. loathing (as of food from satiety); tevvu (tevvi-) to fill; tikai (-v-, -nt-) to complete (intr.), come to an end Malayalam : tikayuka Malayalam meaning : to become full, complete, be fulfilled, finished Malayalam derivates : tika fullness; tikaccal, tikavu completion, satiety; tikekka to complete, fill up, fulfil; tivir_r_uka to force into a vessel, cram Kannada : t?vu Kannada meaning : to become full, abound, spread; fill (tr.) Notes : Possibly two roots (forms like Kannada t?vu do not really fit in). Number in DED : 3405 Proto-Telugu : *teg- Proto-Telugu : *teg- Meaning : (work) to be finished, ended Telugu (Krishnamurti) : tegu Additional forms : Also (S?aŋk. K.) tegudala end, termination, completion Number in DED : 3405 끝나다란 말은 영어의 terminate 끝내다 장사 끝낼때 뜨리미 할때 ter-의 변형음이 teg-이다. Meaning : "finish" | Query method: Match substring Total of 3 records Proto-Dravidian : *t?r_- Meaning : 1 to accomplish; to finish 2 to clear Proto-South Dravidian: *t?r_- Proto-South Dravidian : *t?r_- Meaning : clear; true, evident Tamil : t?r_u (t?r_i-) Tamil meaning : to be accepted as true, be clarified, made clear as water, be strengthened, recover from swooning or intoxication, be thorough, accomplished, mature (as the mind), reach perfection, thrive as vegetation, be comforted, consoled, cheer up, be successful in examination, prove, result, amount to (as profit), trust, confide, believe in, decide; n. clearness, certainty Tamil derivates : t?r_unar the learned, trustworthy persons; t?r_a thoroughly; t?r_al clearness, pure, clarified toddy, honey, clarified juice; t?r_in_ar tested or tried friends; t?r_in_avan_ person of experience, one well-versed in an art, an adept; t?r_r_u (t?r_r_i-) to make clear, convince, assure, relieve from doubt, know, understand, swear, take an oath, clear, clarify, refine, comfort, console, cure, give relief, communicate strength, nourish, cherish, invigorate, encourage; n. making clear, becoming clear; t?r_r_am certainty, assurance, determination, clearness, presence of mind, comfort, consolation, thriving, luxuriant growth; t?r_r_an_ person of true knowledge; t?r_r_?, t?r_r_u, t?r_u clearing-nut tree; t?r_r_?ŋ-kot?t?ai clearing nut; ter_r_al clear-sighted person; ter_r_-en_a clearly; ter_r_-en_avu certainty, clearness; t?t?t?ai clearness, transparency, clear water Malayalam : t?r_uka Malayalam meaning : to be strengthened, thrive, mend, recover, believe Malayalam derivates : t?r_al clearness, thriving, certainty, thought, nectar; t?r_r_am firmness, faith, trust; t?r_r_uka to make strong; t?r_r_?maram Strychnos potatorum Kannada : t?t?a, t?t?e Kannada meaning : clearness, purity (as that of water, etc.) Kannada derivates : t?ru to reach as the end; (the object) to be reached, be successful as in an examination; t?rgad?e, t?rugad?e success (in an examination); terpar_, teppar_ to become conscious, recover one's senses, recover from fainting; animate; teppar_isu, t?eppar_isu to recover one's senses, become conscious, start up, awake Kodagu : t??r- (t??ruv-, t??nd-) Kodagu meaning : (man) becomes full-grown Tulu : t?t?u? Tulu meaning : pure, clear Tulu derivates : t?rgad?e? settlement, conclusion, acquittal, passing (an examination) Notes : Kannada and Tulu forms are dubious. All forms with -t?- are obviously borrowed from Telugu, since this is not a regular reflexation; forms with plain -r- are either dialectal or borrowed as well. Number in DED : 3471 Proto-Telugu : *t?r_-/*t?t?- Proto-Telugu : *t?r_-/*t?t?- Meaning : clearness, purity, transparency, any clear liquid, the thin and clear upper stratum of a liquid, brightness, liveliness, cheerfulness; clear, pure, bright, lively, cheerful, plain, simple, clear, evident, manifest Telugu : t?t?a Additional forms : Also [1] t?r_u, [2] t?ru to become clear or free from suspended matter, clarify, settle; recover from an illness, injury, shock, etc., convalesce; t?r_i c?cu to look steadily or earnestly, gaze; [1] t?r_ucu, [2] t?rcu to make clear, clarify, settle; t?r_ugad?a settlement, conclusion, completion, end; t?lu to be the outcome or result, be settled or decided, terminate, succeed, be successful; [1] teppir_ilu, [2] teppir_illu, [3] teppir_u to recover from an illness, injury, misfortune, shock, etc., convalesce or be convalescent Number in DED : 3471 Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *t?r- (*-r_-) Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *t?r- (*-r_-) Meaning : to clear Kondekor Gadba : t?rsap- "to clear (as a liquid)" Number in DED : 3471 Proto-Dravidian : *t?r_- Meaning : to be finished Proto-South Dravidian: *t?r- Proto-South Dravidian : *t?r- Meaning : to end Tamil : t?r (-v-, -nt-) Tamil meaning : to end, vanish, be completed, finished, separate, leave, cause (as pain), go, proceed, be absent, die, perish, be used up, be settled (as a quarrel), become expert; leave, quit, solve Tamil derivates : (-pp-, -tt-) to leave, quit, finish, complete, perfect, destroy, kill, cure, pay off (as debt), settle (dispute); t?rntavan_ accomplished man, expert; t?rpu finishing, concluding; t?rvu conclusion, end, removal, expiation, remedy; t?rvai conclusion, end, certainty, expiation, judgement; t?rmai absence, cessation; t?ra entirely, perfectly, absolutely; t?rkkam decision, positiveness, intelligent and attractive ｅxpression of face, perfection, completeness; t?rpp?n_ physician; t?rppu settlement, conclusion, completion, judgement; t?rm?n_i (-pp-, -tt-) to determine, resolve, decide, conclude, finish Malayalam : t?ruka Malayalam meaning : to be completed, perfected, be settled, be expiated, be finished, cease Malayalam derivates : t?ra wholly; t?ru settlement, discharge of a claim upon land; t?rum?nam determination; t?rmma settlement, resolution; t?rkka to accomplish, conclude, make an end of, pay off, remove, remedy, settle, determine; t?rppikka to get made, get settled; t?rcca completion, end; t?rppu settlement, decree Kannada : t?r (t?rd-), t?ru (t?ri-) Kannada meaning : to be finished, end, be accomplished, be possible to be accomplished, be cured, die, be paid, be settled, decided Kannada derivates : t?ra, t?ru conclusion, settlement, arrangement; beauty, manner; t?rame conclusion; t?rike conclusion, settlement; t?risu to finish, fulfil, settle, remove, pay off; t?rcu id., to cure, destroy; t?rukan?i, t?rkan?e end, state of being discharged, state of being settled; t?rpu settlement, decision; t?rum?na, t?rm?na conclusion, settlement, decision Kodagu : t??r- (t??ruv-, t??nd-) Kodagu meaning : to be used up, (work) is finished Kodagu derivates : (t??p-, t??t-) to use up, finish Tulu : t?runi Tulu meaning : to be finished, settled, be able Tulu derivates : t?rpuni, t?rp?vuni, t?risuni, t?ris?vuni, t?rs?vuni to finish, complete, settle, decide, pay off (debt); t?ra entire, whole; wholly, positively; t?rike? conclusion, end; t?ruvike?, t?rvike?, t?rum?na conclusion, settlement; t?relu? termination, conclusion; t?rpu settlement, decision; t?rgad?e? completion Miscellaneous : KOR (M) t?d?d?? to fulfil Number in DED : 3278 Proto-Telugu : *t?r_- Proto-Telugu : *t?r_- Meaning : to be finished, completed, concluded, be set right; n. beauty, manner, way; beautiful, shapely Telugu : t?ru Telugu (Krishnamurti) : t?r?? "thoroughly" Additional forms : Also [1] t?rucu, [2] t?rcu to finish, complete, end, set right, settle, decide, pay (debt), remove, put an end to, destroy, ruin; t?rugad?a completion, end; [1] t?rpari, [2] t?rupari judge; [1] t?rupu, [2] t?rpu settlement, decision, decree; t?r_u to be destroyed, be removed, got rid of, (K also) perish, end, be possible; t?r_ucu to destroy, remove, rid (one) of Number in DED : 3278 Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *t?r- (*-r_-) Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *t?r- (*-r_-) Meaning : to be finished Kolami : t?r- (t?t?-) "(work, food, etc.) is finished" Naikri : t?r- Additional forms : Also Kolami t?rp- (t?ript-) to finish (work, food, etc.); Naikri t?rp- to finish Number in DED : 3278 Proto-North Dravidian : *t?r- Proto-North-Dravidian : *t?r- Meaning : to lag behind; to go away Kurukh : tirn? "to lag behind, arrive late" Malto : t?re "to go away, be off" Additional forms : Also KUR t?rta??n? to delay (tr.); MLT t?rtre to remove. Number in DED : 3278 Notes : Irregular *-r- in SDR. Proto-Altaic: *?i?obe ( ~ *t-) Meaning: ten Russian meaning: десять Tungus-Manchu: *?uba-n Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *?uba-n Meaning: ten Russian meaning: десять Evenki: ??n Even: ??n-nu? Negidal: ??n Spoken Manchu: ?uan (2744) Literary Manchu: ?uwan Jurchen: ?uwa (645) Ulcha: ?u?wa(n) Orok: ??n Nanai: ?oa? Oroch: ??(n) Udighe: ??(n) Solon: ??? Comments: ТМС 1, 248. Japanese: *t?w? Proto-Japanese: *t?w? Meaning: ten Russian meaning: десять Old Japanese: towo Tokyo: t?? Kyoto: t?? Kagoshima: t?? Comments: JLTT 550. Original accent unclear, as in all numerals. Comments: JOAL 84. A Tung.-Jpn. isogloss. 인도계열의 대표언어들 구자라트어 Dasa 네팔어 Dasa 마라티어 Dah? 말라얄람어 patt 벵골어 Da?a 신할라어 dahaya 칸나다어 Hattu 텔루구어 Padi 펀자브어 Dasa 힌디어 das 100 百 어원 파르-->바르-->발르-->발흐-->바르흐--->바리흐-->바익-->백 Proto-Dravidian : *pa?l- Meaning : many Proto-South Dravidian: *pa?l- Proto-South Dravidian : *pa?l- Meaning : many Tamil : pala Tamil meaning : many, several, diverse Tamil derivates : palar many or several persons, assembly, society; pall?r many persons; pan_mai plurality, multitude; pal many (OTa., only in cpds., e. g. pal-k?lum many times, often, pan_-malai many hills; Zvelebil 1977) Malayalam : pala Malayalam meaning : many, several, various Kannada : pala, palavu Kannada meaning : much, many, several, various Kannada derivates : palar, palambar, palavar several persons; palarme several times Notes : Unexplainable *-e- in PN. Number in DED : 3987 Proto-Telugu : *pal- Proto-Telugu : *pal- Meaning : many, several, various, different Telugu : palu Additional forms : Also [1] paluvuru, [2] paluvun?d?ru many persons Number in DED : 3987 Proto-North Dravidian : *pal- Proto-North-Dravidian : *pal- Meaning : to be multiplied, be bred Malto : palware Additional forms : Also Malto palwatre to breed, rear Number in DED : 3987 만---->만 가득차다 먼 멀다 많다 에서 나왔음 Proto-Altaic: *mana Nostratic: Nostratic Eurasiatic: *m[o]nV Meaning: many Uralic: *mone (*mune) Number: 556 Proto: *mone (*mune) English meaning: a certain quantity, many German meaning: eine gewisse Quantit?t, viel Finnish: moni (gen. monen), dial. muni 'mancher, -e(s)', monet 'viele, viel', monta (kertaa) 'vielmal' ( > Saam. N moad'de 'more than one, a couple, two') Estonian: mo?ni (gen. mo?ne) 'mancher, einige' Saam (Lapp): moana?k (pl.) (N) 'more than a couple, a good many', ma?nah (L) 'einige, ein Paar', muanas (Ko. Not.) 'einiger' ? Udmurt (Votyak): kwa-mi?n (S), kwa-m??n (K), kwa-mi??n (G) 'dreißig', mi?nda (S), m??nda (K) 'eine gewisse Quantit?t habend', mi??nda (G) 'so viel wie' Komi (Zyrian): ko-mi?n (S) 'dreißig', n?el?a-mi?n (S) 'vierzig', veti?-mi?n (S) 'f?nfzig', kvat?i?-mi?n (S), kvajti?-mi?n (V) 'sechzig', ki?-mi?n (S) 'wieviel?', mi?j-mi?nda (S), munda (P) 'wieviel?' Mansi (Vogul): n?l-m?n (KU P), nali-man (So.) 'vierzig', ? ?t-p?n (K P), at-p?n (N) 'f?ŋfzig', kh??t-p?n (LM), χa?t-p?n (N) 'sechzig' Hungarian: negy-ven 'vierzig', ?t-ven 'f?nfzig', hat-van 'sechzig' usw. ? References: Ung-Perm Parallel Dravidian: ? Tel. *men?d?- 'plenty, much; full' [2518]; *mand- Proto-Dravidian : *mand- Meaning : multitude; herd References: МССНЯ 348; ND 1419 *ma/on?V 'many, much'. [Drav. *mand- 'herd' may belong to a different root: cf. Ugor. *m?nV 'herd; stallion' - perhaps further TM *meŋetu 'wild reindeer', and still further Eg. mnmn.t 'herd', Omot. *min- 'cow' - see in different ND roots: 1357 *ma?V 'ruminant' (TM), 1418 *mAn?V 'herd, gregarious animal' (SH, Ur., incorr. TM). Meaning: many, big Russian meaning: много, большой Turkic: *ba?n?- ~ *bon?- Proto-Turkic: *ba?n?- ~ *bon?- Meaning: big, large Russian meaning: большой Chuvash: mъ?nъ? Comments: Федотов 1, 349. Mongolian: *mandu- / *mantu- Proto-Mongolian: *mandu- / *mantu- Meaning: big, large Russian meaning: большой Written Mongolian: mandu- (L 526) / mantu- Khalkha: mandgar, mantaj Buriat: mandagar, mantan, mantagar Comments: Cf. also MMong. mene 'very' ( > Yak. m?ne 'very', see Ka?. VII 44, Stachowski 178). Tungus-Manchu: *mani Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *mani Meaning: crowd, flock, herd Russian meaning: толпа, стая Evenki: man Negidal: man Ulcha: mandu? Orok: mandi? Nanai: mandu? Oroch: man?i Udighe: mani Comments: ТМС 1, 526. Korean: *m?n(h)- Proto-Korean: *m?n(h)- Meaning: many Russian meaning: много Modern Korean: m?n- [m?nh-] Middle Korean: m?n-ha??- Japanese: *manai- Proto-Japanese: *manai- Meaning: many Russian meaning: много, многочисленный Old Japanese: mane- Proto-Altaic: *maru ( ~ -r?-) Meaning: heap, crowd, many Russian meaning: толпа, куча, множество Tungus-Manchu: *mar(b)u Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *mar(b)u Meaning: 1 heap 2 flock, herd Russian meaning: 1 куча 2 стая, стадо Evenki: murbu 1 Literary Manchu: maru 2 Ulcha: maru?(n) 2 Nanai: m?ro? 2 Comments: ТМС 1, 532, 558. Korean: *muri, *mu?r Proto-Korean: *muri, *mu?r Meaning: 1 crowd, many 2 every Russian meaning: 1 толпа, множество 2 каждый Modern Korean: muri 1 Middle Korean: mu?r 2 Japanese: *m??r??, *mu?ra? Proto-Japanese: *m??r??, *mu?ra? Meaning: 1 all, every 2 crowd 3 mountain Russian meaning: все, каждый Old Japanese: m(w)oro, m(w)orom(w)oro 1, mura 2, mure 3 Middle Japanese: mo?ro?mo?ro? 1, mu?ra? 2 Tokyo: mo?romoro 1, mu?re 2 Kyoto: mo?ro?mo?ro? 1, mu?re? 2 Kagoshima: moromo?ro 1, mu?re 2 Hateruma: mu?ru? 1 Yonakuni: b??ru? 1 Comments: JLTT 485, 488. Comments: Martin 229, Whitman 1985, 127, 194, 239, SKE 153, АПиПЯЯ 279. An Eastern isogloss. In MKor. cf. also m?r?s 'all, in general'. In Jpn. low tone would be expected; high tone here was probably induced by the similar *m??r- 'to heap up' (see under *mi?o?lo), which also influenced the vowel in *m??r??. 억---->억소리 나듯 놀라움 허걱! 놀라는 소리 ㅎ탈락 어걱-->억
비가 억수같이 온다. 억수로 빠르다. 온--->100을 뜻하는데 온 완전한 온전한 터키어 on 10 을 뜻함 완전한 수 온전한 할때 온 영어의 all 올-->온 whole
천-->즈믄 트인 확 텬 트인 하늘처럼 넓게 트인 큰 수 엄청 큰 수라 그만큼 드문 수라는 이야기다. 드물다 활용형 드믄-->드문 드믄-->즈믄 트므-->틈-->츰-->츤(비음)-->천 (한자발음) Proto-Altaic: *t`e?me ( ~ -o-) Meaning: scarce, rare Russian meaning: редкий Tungus-Manchu: *temu- Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *temu- Meaning: 1 in vain 2 barely, scarcely Russian meaning: 1 напрасно 2 чуть, едва Evenki: tomok?n 1 Ulcha: tembu 2 Comments: ТМС 2, 196, 233. Korean: *t??m??r- Proto-Korean: *t??m??r- Meaning: rare Russian meaning: редкий Modern Korean: t?mul- Middle Korean: t??m??r- Japanese: *t??m??- Proto-Japanese: *t??m(p)??- Meaning: scarce, poor Russian meaning: скудный, бедный Old Japanese: tomo-si Middle Japanese: to?mo?-si Tokyo: toboshi?-, to?boshi- Kyoto: to?bo?shi?- Kagoshima: tobo?shi- Comments: JLTT 842. Kagoshima and one of the Tokyo variants point to a variant with high tone in PJ. Comments: Whitman 1985, 126, 218. An Eastern isogloss. 경-->큰 의 변형음 |
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