한화증권 김성수
12월 FOMC 의사록 주요 내용(정책, 물가)
- 구성원 전원, 예상 대비 물가 흐름의 개선 폭이 컸기 때문에 인플레이션 전망치를 하향 조정
(Based on better-than-expected data on inflation, participants revised down their inflation projections for 2023 and, to a lesser extent, in subsequent years.)
- 구성원 전원, 현재 통화정책 기조는 경제 활동과 물가 상승을 억제하는 제한적인 수준
(Participants judged that the current stance of monetary policy was restrictive and appeared to be restraining economic activity and inflation.)
- 구성원 전원, 제약적인 정책 수준과 긍정적인 물가 흐름 고려 시 물가와 고용은 균형을 찾아가는 중
(In light of the policy restraint in place, along with more favorable data on inflation, participants generally viewed risks to inflation and employment as moving toward greater balance.)
- 구성원 전원, 2023년 목표 수준을 향한 물가 흐름에는 분명한 진전이 있었음
(In their discussion of inflation, all participants observed that clear progress had been made in 2023 toward the Committee's 2 percent inflation objective.)
- 구성원 전원, 물가는 목표 수준을 상회 중. 둔화 흐름이 추가적으로 지속되어 목표 물가 달성에 대한 확신이 더 필요
(Participants observed that inflation remained above the Committee's objective and that they would need to see more evidence that inflation pressures were abating to become confident in a sustained return of inflation to 2 percent.)
- 몇몇(several) 구성원, 신규 임대료 하락이 광범위한 지역으로 확대됨에 따라 주거 물가는 추가 둔화가 예상됨
(Several participants assessed that housing services inflation would fall further over time as the earlier deceleration in rents on new leases continued to pass through to broader rent measures.)
- 몇몇(several) 구성원, 장기 기대인플레이션은 안정적인 레벨에 고정되어 있음. 최근 가계의 단기 기대인플레이션은 하락
(Several participants noted that longer-term inflation expectations remained well anchored and that near-term inflation expectations of households had declined recently.)
- 구성원 전원, 여름까지 이어진 공격적인 긴축 이후 금융 환경이 재차 완화되었음. 많은(many) 구성원, 적정 수준 이상으로 완화된 금융 환경은 물가 목표 달성을 방해할 것
(Participants observed that, after a sharp tightening since the summer, financial conditions had eased over the intermeeting period. Many participants remarked that an easing in financial conditions beyond what is appropriate could make it more difficult for the Committee to reach its inflation goal.)
- 구성원 전원, 정책 금리는 이번 긴축 사이클의 정점 또는 정점에 근접
(In discussing the policy outlook, participants viewed the policy rate as likely at or near its peak for this tightening cycle.)
- 구성원 전원, 정책 금리는 이번 긴축 사이클의 정점 또는 정점에 근접
(In discussing the policy outlook, participants viewed the policy rate as likely at or near its peak for this tightening cycle.)
- 다수(a number of) 구성원, 제약적인 통화정책을 얼마나 유지하는 것이 적절한지에 대한 불확실성이 있음. 과잉 긴축 관련 부작용도 고려해야 함
(A number of participants highlighted the uncertainty associated with how long a restrictive monetary policy stance would need to be maintained, and pointed to the downside risks to the economy that would be associated with an overly restrictive stance.)
- 일부(a few) 구성원, 연준은 물가 안정과 최대 고용 달성 두 가지 목표가 상충되는 상황에 직면할 수도 있음
(A few suggested that the Committee potentially could face a tradeoff between its dual-mandate goals in the period ahead.)
■ 12월 FOMC 의사록 주요 내용(경제, 고용)
- 구성원 전원, 근로 소득 증가세 둔화, 판데믹 관련 초과 저축 감소 등으로 인해 소비 지출이 완화될 가능성
(Participants mentioned several factors that may contribute to softer consumer spending, including slower growth of labor income and diminishing pandemic-related excess savings.)
- 많은(many) 구성원, 가계의 신용 카드, 외상, 가불 실적이 늘어나는 것에 주목
(Many participants noted increased usage of credit by households, including from credit cards, buy-now-pay-later borrowing, and payday loans, as well as increased delinquency rates for many types of consumer loans.)
- 구성원들이 취합한 기업 업황의 경우 일부는 비교적 낙관적인 시각을 유지한 반면, 다른 일부에서는 2024년 성장 둔화를 전망
(Reports from participants' business-sector contacts were mixed, with some contacts remaining relatively optimistic and others expecting slower growth for 2024.)
- 몇몇(several) 구성원, 금리 인상, 대출 기관 업황 악화, 오피스 빌딩 가치 하락 등으로 2024년 부동산 대출의 상당 부분은 차환이 필요
(Reports from participants' business-sector contacts were mixed, with some contacts remaining relatively optimistic and others expecting slower growth for 2024.)
- 많은(many) 구성원, 명목 임금 증가율은 둔화 지속, 기업들은 추가 둔화를 예상
(Many noted that nominal wage growth had continued to slow broadly and that business contacts expected a further reduction in wage growth.)
- 일부(some) 구성원, 취업 지원자 수가 크게 감소했으며, 이 수준은 판데믹 직전을 소폭 상회하는 수준
(Some participants remarked that their contacts reported larger applicant pools for vacancies, and some participants highlighted that the ratio of vacancies to unemployed workers had declined to a value only modestly above its level just before the pandemic.)
- 몇몇(several) 구성원, 노동 수요가 유의미하게 추가적으로 약화될 경우 고용 시장 추세가 점진적 완화에서 급격한 약화로 바뀔 가능성
(Many noted that nominal wage growth had continued to slow broadly and that business contacts expected a further reduction in wage growth.)
■ 12월 FOMC 의사록 주요 내용(QT)
- 몇몇(several) 구성원, RRP 감소는 뮤추얼 펀드의 포트폴리오 조정(국채와 민간 레포 시장을 통한 수익률 제고)에 기인
(Several participants noted that, amid the ongoing balance sheet normalization, there had been a further decline over the intermeeting period in use of the ON RRP facility and that this reduced usage largely reflected portfolio shifts by money market mutual funds toward higher-yielding investments, including Treasury bills and private-market repo.)
- 몇몇(several) 구성원, 준비금이 적정하다고 추정되는 수준을 소폭 상회할 때 자산 축소 속도를 조절하거나 중단하는 것이 적절
(Several participants remarked that the Committee's balance sheet plans indicated that it would slow and then stop the decline in the size of the balance sheet when reserve balances are somewhat above the level judged consistent with ample reserves.)
- 준비금을 언급한 몇몇(several) 구성원, 준비금이 그 수준에 도달하기 훨씬 전에 관련한 논의를 시작하고 이와 관련한 내용을 시장에 사전 제공해야 함
(These participants suggested that it would be appropriate for the Committee to begin to discuss the technical factors that would guide a decision to slow the pace of runoff well before such a decision was reached in order to provide appropriate advance notice to the public.)