닫을,폐 閉 한자음은 인도에서 왔다.

[나비우스]

閉 닫을,폐

산스크리트어의 후예 힌디어에 그 흔적이 있다.

산스크리트어의 영향을 직접적으로 받은  티베트-미얀마가 바로 근처에 있다.

전수한 이 말은 중국대륙이나 아시아 유목민에게 퍼진다.

힌디어

भेड़ना [bheṛnā:] 

타동사 닫다.

어근 bher --폐

동사접미사 na

중국어는 bi 삐 라고 발음하는데

미얀마어의 영향을 받았다.

pi²	close		*Loloish	Bradley 79 PLo	715A
pi²	close		*Loloish	Hansson 89 AHKP	127

Etyma

proto-form	proto-gloss

7 records found.

#	protoform	protogloss
#4135	pay	CARRY (close to the body) / BE PREGNANT
#5709	pi-t	CLOSE (v.)
#5708	b/g-tsum	CLOSE (v.) / SHUT
#4429	khaar	CLOSE / SHUT

peʔ⁴	close (the mouth)		Burmese (Rangoon)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1155.27
peʔ⁴	close (the door)	v.	Burmese (Rangoon)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1356.27
peʔ⁴	close (the mouth) lightly	v.	Burmese (Rangoon)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1523.27
peʔ⁴	close (an umbrella)	v.	Burmese (Rangoon)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1631.27

pit	shut up, close, stop up		Burmese (Written)	Benedict 76 WBur
pit⁴	close (the mouth)		Burmese (Written)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1155.26
pit⁴	close (the door)	v.	Burmese (Written)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1356.26
pit⁴	close (the mouth) lightly	v.	Burmese (Written)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1523.26
pit⁴	close (an umbrella)	v.	Burmese (Written)	Huang and Dai 92 TBL	1631.26

가리다 카르 가르 가리 khaar -->막다 보호하다 

몽골어

ХААХ [하-흐]  

1.닫다.

2.막다, 잠그다.

ㅍ<-->ㅎ 발음호환 

파르-->바르-->마르-->마흐-->막(막다의 어근)

파르-->하흐(몽골어)

r의 ㅎ발음

Ronaldo 호나우두 포르투갈어 사람이름 

프랑스 독일어의 r발음은 ㅎ처럼 들린다.

프랑스어 fromage 포마쥬 ㅎ-->ㅇ 약화 치즈

판타지-->환타지 ,판타-->환타 ,파이팅-->화이팅 

일본어뿐 아니라 대만어 한자발음에도 이런 현상은 있으며

각종 세계어 어원사전을 봐도 이런 현상은 비일비재하다.

익숙한 건 일본어발음으로 일반인들은 알고 있지비.ㅋㅋ

내가 어원짬밥이 얼만데? 가지고 있는 어원사전이 얼마인데..

어디서 본건 들은건 있어가지구..

일본사람만 이런 발음하는게 아니라 갱상도사람도 그렇고 세계 여러나라사람도

이런 경우가 허다하다.ㅎㅎㅎ

닥치다

동사 입을 다물다.

주둥아리 닥치고 있어!

입이나 닫아!

몽골어

ТАГЛАХ [타글라흐]  

1.동사 뚜껑을 닫다.

2.동사 막다, 닫다.

닫다 닥다 close란 의미다.

어근 ТАГЛА는 닥클 닥흘 닥츨 닥칠-->어원

발음변화일 뿐이다.

우리말 닫다 는 인도에서 온 말이다.

산스크리트어 닫아 

दृढ

adj.

dRDha

close

Proto-Altaic: *t`[u]tV́

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *ṭutV

Meaning: to close

Altaic: *t`[u]tV́

Dravidian: *tud_-

 

Proto-Dravidian : *tud_-

Meaning : to block up

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *tur_-

Proto-Telugu : *tur_-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *tud_- (*tur_-)

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *tud_-

Meaning: to grasp, close, detain

Russian meaning: хватать, закрывать, задерживать

Turkic: *tut-

 

Proto-Turkic: *tut-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to grasp

Russian meaning: держать, хватать

Old Turkic: tut- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: tut- (MK, KB, IM)

Turkish: tut-

Tatar: tot-

Middle Turkic: tut- (Sangl., Abush., MA)

Uzbek: tut-

Uighur: tut-

Sary-Yughur: tut-

Azerbaidzhan: tut-

Turkmen: tut-

Khakassian: tut-

Shor: tut-

Oyrat: tut-

Halaj: tut-

Chuvash: tɨt-

Yakut: tut-

Dolgan: tut-

Tuva: tu't-

Tofalar: tu't-

Kirghiz: tut-

Kazakh: tut-

Noghai: tut-

Bashkir: tot-

Balkar: tut-

Gagauz: tut-

Karaim: tut-

Karakalpak: tut-

Salar: tut-

Kumyk: tut-

Comments: VEWT 502, EDT 451, Егоров 268-269, Федотов 2, 268-269, Stachowski 233.

Mongolian: *todka-, *tödüge-

Tungus-Manchu: *tuta-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *tuta-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to stay, remain

Russian meaning: оставаться

Spoken Manchu: tuta- 'to stay behind, to remain behind' (1180)

Literary Manchu: tuta-

Jurchen: duta-xun (720)

Comments: ТМС 2, 223.

Korean: *tàt-

 

Proto-Korean: *tàt-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to close

Russian meaning: закрывать

Modern Korean: tat-

Middle Korean: tàt-

Comments: Nam 139, KED 401.

Japanese: *tǝ̀ntǝ-, *tǝ́ntǝ́-má-

Comments: KW 397, 404, Martin 228, АПиПЯЯ 15, 71, Ozawa 248-249. Cf. Mong. *togta- 'to stop, establish' ( > late MTurk. toqta-, see TMN 1, 273, Щербак 1997, 211; Yak. toxtō-, Dolg. toktō-, see Stachowski 226; Man. tokto- etc., see Poppe 1966, 191, Doerfer MT 119). In Kor. cf. also MKor. tǝtăi 'slowly', tǝtăi- 'to delay, be slow' (compared with TM in Lee 1958, 118). Mongolian, Korean and Japanese accent variants may indicate that we are dealing more than with one root here, but the distinction is difficult to make.

일본어 

閉 

음독へい헤이 |かいへい [開閉] 

훈독しまる·しめる·とざす·とじる |とざす [閉ざす] 

총획11획부수門(8획)|닫을 폐

갇히다 가두다 

어근 갇- 은 인도에서 왔다.

산스크리트어 가둬

गाढ

adj.

gADha

close

Proto-Dravidian : *ked_-

Meaning : to close, shut

Proto-South Dravidian: *ker_-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *ker_-

Meaning : to close, shut

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : cer_i (-v-, -nt-)

Tamil meaning : to be thick (as foliage, hair), crowded, be in close union, be tight (as bangles), be controlled, keep within bounds

Tamil derivates : (-pp-, -tt-) to join together, tighten, shut, close, block up, secure, store up, pack closely; cer_i, cer_ivu denseness, abundance, union, self-restraint; cer_u (cer_uv-, cer_r_-) to control (as the senses), hinder, prevent, overcome; (-pp-, -tt-) to suppress, subdue, resist, prevent, prevent the passage (as of water), overcome; n. tank, field, garden plot; cer_uppu restriction; cer_uvu field; cir_ai (-pp-, -tt-) to restrain, imprison, dam up; n. guard, confinement, prison, captivity; dam, bank, tank, boundary; cir_aivan_ captive, slave; cer_r_ai thicket, crowd

Malayalam : cer_iyuka

Malayalam meaning : to be thronged

Malayalam derivates : cer_ukkuka to dam up, enclose, oppose, prevent; cir_a enclosure, dam, limit, tank, reservoir

Kannada : kir_ (kett-)

Kannada meaning : to confine, close, shut, block up, make a fence, cover

Kannada derivates : ker_e tank; gir_aku state of being strait (as a gate), of being firmly fixed (as a door), of being close, pressing (as a crowd); ser_e to contract, confine, harass; n. confinement, bondage, prison

Kodagu : kere

Kodagu meaning : tank

Tulu : kerè, kirè, kedu

Tulu meaning : an artificial tank

Tulu derivates : kidè cowpen, stall; śerè imprisonment, prison, obligation, liability; gediyuni to be rammed, stuffed; gedụŋguni, gedipuni to stuff, push in, ram

Proto-Nilgiri : *ker_-

Number in DED : 1980

Proto-Telugu : *cer_-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ked_-

 

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *ked_-

Meaning : to shut

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : get- (gett-) "to close (door) firmly, lock up"

Parji : kedp- (kedt-) "to shut (door), lock up"

Salur Gadba : keṭ-

Notes : Voiced *-d_- is seen from Parji kedp-; in other cases there has been secondary devoicing due to causative conjugation.

Number in DED : 1980

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ked_-

 

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *ked_-

Meaning : to close, shut

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *keh-

Konda : keR- (-t-)

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *ges-

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *keR-

Notes : The word had a causative conjugation in PGn (probably with the suffix *-p-). Hence the loss of voice in Gondi, Konda and PPM (all these forms go back to *ked_-p- > *ket_-; in PPM probably a 'metathese of voice': *ked_- > *get_-). The form *ket_-pi'door' goes back to PGn.

上古音查询

 

共 2 条				第 1 条
中古声母	幫	中古声调	去	中古开合	开
中古韵母	齊	中古摄	蟹	中古等	四等
高本汉	pied	Ⅷ/11部	李方桂	pidh	質
王力	pyet	質	白一平	pits	質部
郑张尚芳	piids	至1部	潘悟云	piids	質1部
反 切	博計
注 释	字见《说文》
输入所查询的汉字