상품DB/인도네시아 시멘트 시장동향(2014.12)/시멘트클링커

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제목	인도네시아 시멘트 시장동향(2014.12)
게시일	2016-03-08	국가	인도네시아	작성자	김주선(자카르타무역관)
품목	시멘트클링커
품목코드	252310
작성일자: 2014.12.15 작성자: 자카르타 무역관 Kim Eun Hee(ehkim@kotra.or.kr), Anya A Soeriaatmadja(anya@kotra.or.id) 1. General Information Cement Producers Market Share (%)  ○ From all the data above all nine cement producers are wide spread in Indonesia. Please remember that Indonesian area is 1,904,569㎢ but cement manufacturers’ plants are majorly situate in Java and Sumatra island. Dominance of Semen Indonesia in the cement market is apparant, with their products well known and their price becoming the standard, even though their cement plants are only in Java island. Concerning to cement price, not all companies publish the price in public, so the price in this report is based on what is in the market. However the price itself varies in all area in Indonesia. 2.. Cement Price Cement Price in Indonesia according to each brands      Note: 1) Unfortunately we could not find any detail price for Semen Kupang.  2) The price in the table is the price that usually applies in the area near the plants.            - The 1Q2014 price of Semen Padang in West Sumatra and Aceh was IDR 46,000 and it was IDR 46,000 in 2Q2014, IDR 48,000 in 3Q2014 and 45,000 in 4Q2014. However the price in South Sumatra and Java are different, which is IDR 60,000 in 1Q2014 and IDR 62,000 in 2Q and 3Q 2014.           - The price of Semen Gresik (Semen Indonesia) are the price in Java area, which is different from price in others. For example the price in South Kalimantan in 1Q and 2Q was IDR 59,000 - 65,000 per bag, the different from Java island price is 3%.           - Semen Tonasa plant is in Makassar, South Sulawesi however the in Central Sulawesi is 25% different, for example IDR 58,000 in 3Q2014 and IDR 60,000 in the next quarter.           - The sign (*) in PT Semen Baturaja is time when this cement brand was rare and hard to find, so the plant that produce only from Baturaja’s plant in Lampung.            3) The average price of bulk cement in 2013 were IDR 997,000 to IDR 1,300,000 per ton, the number is taken as the price was higher in the 3Q and 4Q 2013.            4) In 1Q 2014, the average price for bulk cement starts from IDR 916,000 per ton and in 4Q 2014 the price start from IDR 956,000 to IDR 1,050,000 per ton. 3. The Factor of Cement Price Change □ Electricity  ○ The change of cement price is affected by the increase of electric power rate and fuel prices. State Electricity Company (PT.PLN) has been officially raise electricity rates for the industry on May 1, 2014, in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 9 of 2014. In this regulation, rates will go up every two months by 8.6% for go-public companies (group I-3) and 13.3% for large industrial (group I-4). By doing so, until the end of this year electricity rates for class I-3 will increase by 38.9 percent; while for class I-4 will rise by 64.7 percent cumulative.  ○ On April 1st 2014, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of Republic of Indonesia published its Ministerial Regulation Number 09 Year 2014 concerning electricity rates. Below are tables of electricity rate for business and industry. Electricity Tariff Adjustment for Business start from May 1, 2014 Electricity Tariff Adjustment for Industry start from September 1, 2014 to October 31st 2014  ○ In the end of September 2014, PLN (Perusahaan Listrik Negara, English: 'State Electricity Company') publish Electricity Tariff Adjustment per October 2014 for some group rates including electricity rate for medium and large businesses. □ Fuel Price  ○ According to Pertamina’s Circulation Letter No. 1284/F13420/2014-S3, September 12 2014, there is an adjustment of economical selling price of Pertamina fuel for industry and bunker sectors, starts from September 15 2014 at 00:00. The adjustment applies in Jakarta, Banten, and West Java Province areas.  ○ And, in 17th November, 2014, Indonesia government announce that they reduce the fuel subsidize. This fuel price increase 30 percent. Almost all cement plants have their own electricity plant, and the rise of electric power and fuel price really affect the cement price. □ Labor Wage  ○ Another impact from fuel price is labors who demand the increase of their monthly wage. Below are the data of wage for workers in 2011 to 2013 from Indonesia Board of National Statistic (BPS), and the wage in the end of 2014 is higher than what is describe below: □ Logistic Cost  ○ The other largest cost that affects cement price in Indonesia is distribution. The price adjustment is linked to distribution cost. As in the table we could see the price of Semen Gersik in 2Q2014 is IDR 50,000, however the price in Sorong, Papua island is IDR 85,000 to IDR 100,000 per bag. The high price is influenced not only because the different island between the producer and he consumer but also the logistic cost that is high.  ○ Until now Indonesia has not measured its national logistics performance both in terms of logistics cost and other logistics indicators. However, Indonesia’s national logistics system performance in general is still not optimal and needs to be improved as indicated by the World Bank’s Logistics Performance Index (LPI). Indonesia’s national logistics system performance in general is still not optimal and needs to be improved.  ○ In 2007 the LPI revealed that Indonesia ranked of 43rd out of 155 countries surveyed, it was lower than some ASEAN countries i.e. Singapore (1st), Malaysia (27th) and Thailand (31st). The Indonesia rank decreased in 2010 as the LPI showed the rank became 75th out of 155 countries surveyed, lower than those of some ASEAN countries i.e. Singapore (2nd), Malaysia (29th) and Thailand (35th) and it was even lower than those of the Philippines (44th) and Vietnam (53rd). In 2012, the LPI of Indonesia rank considerably increased into 59th out of 155 countries surveyed, it was still lower than those of some ASEAN countries i.e. Singapore (1st), Malaysia (21st), Thailand (38th), the Philippines (52nd) and Vietnam (53rd).  ○ Below is table from World Bank represents Indonesia ’ s national logistics costs compared with those of advanced and ASEAN Countries.  ○ Table above clearly demonstrates that in 2012 the LPI of Indonesia was quite poor compared with other ASEAN member countries. Indonesia’s position was only above Laos, Cambodia, and Myanmar which were in the category of low income countries, while Indonesia was in the category of lower middle income. According to LPI Vietnam’s position was above Indonesia’s even though Vietnam was in the category of low income.  ○ The Indonesia logistics costs could be up to 27% of the Gross Domestic Products (GDP) and its service quality was poor as stated in the SISLOGNAS (Sistem Logstik Nasional / National Logistic System (2012)). The poor quality was indicated by: inadequate infrastructure, both quantitatively and qualitatively; preval‎ence of illegal charges and transaction fees causing high cost economy; poor export and import processing lead time, and bottlenecks on port services; inadequate service capacity and networks supporting national logistics providers; chronic difficulties in stocks management and price fluctuation of basic commodities particularly during national and religious holidays; and, in addition significant price disparity in border, remote and outer areas.  ○ Even though Indonesia knows Logistics Performance Index (LPI) from the World Bank publication, until now Indonesia has not measured its logistics performance both in terms of logistics costs and other logistics indicators. At macro level there is the necessity to eval‎uate the national logistics cost performance and the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the blueprint of SISLOGNAS. Subsequently it can be used to identify problems, challenges and opportunities and to synchronize appropriate policy and action plans both in public sector and in private sector and even between central and local government. In the operational level, the logistics cost indicator could be used to reduce operating costs and to increase logistics services which then can increase the flow of goods. Thus the flow of goods can be delivered more rapidly, reliably, and cheaply, and subsequently can increase business competitiveness.