The Book of Acts Chapter 2

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The Book of Acts Chapter 2

Text from https://www.bible.com/bible/111/ACT.2.NIV

The Holy Spirit on the Pentecost; Beginning of the Church

The Holy Spirit Comes at Pentecost

1 When the day of Pentecost came (*More at the bottom.), they were all together in one place. (The Disciples and followers regularly gathered together at the Mark's upper room to pray. It was 50 days after the Resurrection and 10 days after the Ascension of Jesus.)

2 Suddenly a sound like the blowing of a violent wind came from heaven and filled the whole house where they were sitting. (The strong wind was a physical phenomenon caused by spiritual manifestations.)

3 They saw what seemed to be tongues of fire that separated and came to rest on each of them. (They also saw the shape of flame came upon them.)

4 All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit (They were filled with the Holy Spirit and dominated by.) and began to speak in other tongues as the Spirit enabled them. (They began to speak other tongues involuntarily.)

5 Now there were staying in Jerusalem God-fearing Jews from every nation under heaven. (Scattered Jews gathered together in Jerusalem to celebrate the Holiday.)

6 When they heard this sound, a crowd came together in bewilderment, because each one heard their own language being spoken. (Those Jews who came from different regions understood what they say since the languages were of theirs in those areas.)

7 Utterly amazed, they asked: “Aren’t all these who are speaking Galileans?

8 Then how is it that each of us hears them in our native language? 9 Parthians, Medes and Elamites; residents of Mesopotamia, Judea and Cappadocia, Pontus and Asia, 10 Phrygia and Pamphylia, Egypt and the parts of Libya near Cyrene; visitors from Rome 11 (both Jews and converts to Judaism); Cretans and Arabs—we hear them declaring the wonders of God in our own tongues!” (The disciples from Galilee were speaking unlearned local tongues of those areas. The disciples from Galilee were speaking unlearned local tongues of those areas. You may refer to the middle and following of the posting at https://cafe.daum.net/k331/PeqF/31 for more on the Gift of Tongues.)

12 Amazed and perplexed, they asked one another, “What does this mean?”

13 Some, however, made fun of them and said, “They have had too much wine.” (They all amazed by this happening but some of them accused the disciples to be drunken.)

Peter Addresses the Crowd

14 Then Peter stood up with the Eleven, raised his voice and addressed the crowd: “Fellow Jews and all of you who live in Jerusalem, let me explain this to you; listen carefully to what I say.

15 These people are not drunk, as you suppose. It’s only nine in the morning. (third hour from the morning. not a time to be drunken.)

16 No, this is what was spoken by the prophet Joel:

17 “ ‘In the last days, God says, I will pour out my Spirit on all people.

Your sons and daughters will prophesy, your young men will see visions, your old men will dream dreams.

18 Even on my servants, both men and women, I will pour out my Spirit in those days, and they will prophesy.

19 I will show wonders in the heavens above and signs on the earth below, blood and fire and billows of smoke.

20 The sun will be turned to darkness and the moon to blood before the coming of the great and glorious day of the Lord.

21 And everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.’ (It had been foretold in Joel 2:28-32. So being filled with the Spirit and speaking tongues etc. is not an accident but necessity which must happened in history.)

22 “Fellow Israelites, listen to this: Jesus of Nazareth was a man accredited by God to you by miracles, wonders and signs, which God did among you through him, as you yourselves know. (Peter brings the attention of those crowd to the ministries of Jesus.)

23 This man was handed over to you by God’s deliberate plan and foreknowledge; and you, with the help of wicked men, put him to death by nailing him to the cross. (and reminds them the unjustifiable death of Jesus by the jealous leaders and ignorant jewish crowd.)

24 But God raised him from the dead, freeing him from the agony of death, because it was impossible for death to keep its hold on him. (But the death was not the end but beginning of New Era with the resurrection of Jesus.)

25 David said about him:

“ ‘I saw the Lord always before me.

Because he is at my right hand, I will not be shaken.

26 Therefore my heart is glad and my tongue rejoices; my body also will rest in hope, 27 because you will not abandon me to the realm of the dead, you will not let your holy one see decay.

28 You have made known to me the paths of life; you will fill me with joy in your presence.’ (The most critical reversal from death to life had already been foreseen. Ps. 16:8-11)

29 “Fellow Israelites, I can tell you confidently that the patriarch David died and was buried, and his tomb is here to this day.

30 But he was a prophet and knew that God had promised him on oath that he would place one of his descendants on his throne. David died and was buried. But the promise of the Messiah to David and his people is still in effect.)

31 Seeing what was to come, he spoke of the resurrection of the Messiah, that he was not abandoned to the realm of the dead, nor did his body see decay. (David knew that the Messiah can not be killed, buried, and decayed.)

32 God has raised this Jesus to life, and we are all witnesses of it.

33 Exalted to the right hand of God, he has received from the Father the promised Holy Spirit and has poured out what you now see and hear.

34 For David did not ascend to heaven, and yet he said,

“ ‘The Lord said to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand 35 until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet.” ’ (Ps. 110:1)

36 “Therefore let all Israel be assured of this: God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Messiah.” (Peter appeals the Messiahship of Jesus to the Jews who have been waiting for the David-alike Messiah for a long time)

37 When the people heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and the other apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?” (Hearing the biblical truth, the people got convicted in their hearts and asked what to do.)

38 Peter replied, “Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins. And you will receive the gift (the package of New Life) of the Holy Spirit.

39 The promise is for you and your children and for all who are far off—for all whom the Lord our God will call.” (whoever believes in Jesus shall not perished but have eternal life. Jn. 3:16)

40 With many other words he warned them; and he pleaded with them, “Save yourselves from this corrupt generation.” (It's an individual decision to believe and be saved.)

41 Those who accepted his message were baptized, and about three thousand were added to their number that day. (Many- about three thousand- converted to the faith in Jesus and were baptized.)

The Fellowship of the Believers (The Beginning of Church)

42 They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer. (They learned, had fellowship with community meals, and prayed together.)

43 Everyone was filled with awe at the many wonders and signs performed by the apostles. (The exiting dynamics of the Early Church.)

44 All the believers were together and had everything in common. (Communal life style.)

45 They sold property and possessions to give to anyone who had need. (Sharing.)

46 Every day they continued to meet together in the temple courts (Daily devotion in the temple court.). They broke bread in their homes and ate together with glad and sincere hearts (home meetings), 47 praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people (serve together). And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved. (Increasing numbers and influence.)

*Pentecost: (Google AI)

   In the Old Testament, Pentecost is the Greek name for the Jewish Feast of Weeks (Shavuot), celebrated 50 days after Passover. It was originally a harvest festival for the firstfruits of the wheat harvest but later became associated with the giving of the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai, marking the covenant between God and Israel. The celebration involved bringing offerings, such as two loaves of leavened bread, and required all adult Jewish men to travel to Jerusalem.

Origins and celebration (Ex. 23:16 and more)

Harvest festival:

   In its earliest form, it was a harvest festival called the Feast of Weeks or Feast of Harvest, when people brought the first fruits of their spring crops to God.

Giving of the Law:

   The festival later became strongly linked to the giving of the Ten Commandments on Mount Sinai, which occurred approximately 50 days after the Israelites' exodus from Egypt.

Timing:

   It was celebrated 50 days after the Passover feast, which is why it is called "Pentecost," a Greek word meaning "fiftieth".

Offerings:

   The celebration included specific offerings, such as two leavened loaves of bread, a bull, two rams, and seven lambs.

Pilgrimage festival:

   It was one of three annual "pilgrimage feasts" in which Jewish men were required to go to Jerusalem to worship.

Significance

Covenant with God:

   The Old Testament celebration marked the establishment of the covenant between God and Israel, when the Israelites became a holy nation and a kingdom of priests.

Spiritual harvest:

   In the Christian New Testament, Pentecost is seen as a fulfillment of this Old Testament feast, marking the beginning of the new covenant and the first spiritual harvest for the Christian church with the descent of the Holy Spirit.