셰익스피어에 대하여//About Shakespeare

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셰익스피어에 대하여:

윌리엄 셰익스피어(1564년 4월 26일 세례~1616년 4월 23일 사망)는 영국의 시인이자 극작가로, 영어권에서 가장 위대한 작가이자 세계 최고의 극작가로 널리 알려져 있습니다.

그는 종종 영국의 국민 시인이자 "에이번의 시인"(또는 간단히 "시인")이라고 불립니다. 그의 현존하는 작품으로는 희곡 38편, 소네트 154편, 긴 서사시 2편, 그리고 여러 편의 시가 있습니다. 그의 희곡은 모든 주요 언어로 번역되었으며, 다른 극작가의 희곡보다 더 자주 공연되었습니다.

셰익스피어는 스트랫퍼드 어폰 에이번에서 태어나고 자랐습니다. 그는 18세에 앤 해서웨이와 결혼하여 수잔나, 쌍둥이 햄넷, 주디스라는 세 자녀를 두었습니다. 1585년에서 1592년 사이에 그는 런던에서 배우, 작가, 그리고 나중에 King's Men으로 알려진 연극단인 Lord Chamberlain's Men의 공동 소유주로서 성공적인 경력을 시작했습니다. 그는 1613년경에 스트랫퍼드로 은퇴한 것으로 보이며, 그곳에서 3년 후에 사망했습니다.

셰익스피어의 사생활에 대한 기록은 거의 남아 있지 않으며, 그의 성적 취향, 종교적 신념, 그리고 그에게 기인된 작품이 다른 사람이 썼는지 여부와 같은 문제에 대한 상당한 추측이 있었습니다.

셰익스피어는 1590년에서 1613년 사이에 알려진 작품의 대부분을 썼습니다. 그의 초기 희곡은 주로 코미디와 역사극이었으며, 그는 16세기 말에 이 장르를 정교함과 예술성의 정점으로 끌어올렸습니다.

그 후 그는 1608년경까지 주로 비극을 썼는데, 여기에는 햄릿, 리어왕, 맥베스가 포함되었으며, 이는 영어에서 가장 훌륭한 예로 여겨졌습니다. 그의 마지막 단계에서 그는 로맨스라고도 알려진 희극 희곡을 썼고 다른 극작가들과 협업했습니다. 그의 희곡 중 다수는 그의 생전에 다양한 품질과 정확성의 판본으로 출판되었고, 1623년에 그의 전 연극 동료 두 명이 그의 희곡을 모아서 만든 First Folio를 출판했는데, 여기에는 현재 셰익스피어의 희곡으로 인정받는 두 편을 제외한 모든 희곡이 포함되었습니다.

셰익스피어는 당시 존경받는 시인이자 극작가였지만, 그의 명성은 19세기까지 오늘날의 높이에 오르지 못했습니다. 특히 낭만주의자들은 셰익스피어의 천재성을 찬양했고, 빅토리아 시대 사람들은 조지 버나드 쇼가 "바돌라트리"라고 불렀던 경의로 셰익스피어를 영웅으로 숭배했습니다.

20세기에 그의 작품은 학문과 공연의 새로운 움직임에 의해 반복적으로 채택되고 재발견되었습니다. 그의 희곡은 오늘날에도 여전히 매우 인기가 높으며 전 세계의 다양한 문화적, 정치적 맥락에서 지속적으로 공연되고 재해석됩니다. 출처: 위키피디아








About Shakespeare:


William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564 – died 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist.


He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon" (or simply "The Bard"). His surviving works consist of 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language, and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.


Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18 he married Anne Hathaway, who bore him three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592 he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of the playing company the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613, where he died three years later.


Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.


Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1590 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century.


Next he wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest examples in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights. Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime, and in 1623 two of his former theatrical colleagues published the First Folio, a collected edition of his dramatic works that included all but two of the plays now recognised as Shakespeare's.


Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the nineteenth century. The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians hero-worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw called "bardolatry".


In the twentieth century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are consistently performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world. Source: Wikipedia