Re:ENGLISH LANGUAGE SOURCES ON 5.18 400~498

Document 400 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 26, 1995 06:25 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 800 words HEADLINE: SKorea set to reopen Kwangju massacre with military blessing BODY: By C. W. Lim SEOUL, Nov 26 - South Korean prosecutors were set Sunday to reopen an investigation of the 1980 massacre of pro-democracy protesters in Kwangju, with the public blessing of the military. State-run KBS radio quoted prosecution sources as saying the investigation of 1980 military junta leaders, including disgraced former presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo, may start this week. The prosecution will also conduct a parallel probe of former military officers to find out whether Roh, already in jail on bribery charges, had received kickbacks in deals with foreign arms suppliers, KBS said. "Our probe into slush money will be accelerated to indict Roh before December 5," chief prosecutor Ahn Kang-Min told reporters, without giving further details. The prosecution's moves followed the surprise decision Friday by incumbent President Kim Young-Sam to enact a special law to allow the indictment of former military leaders linked to the 1980 crackdown that left some 200 people dead and more than 1,000 injured in the southern city of Kwangju. The president's about-face from a policy of leaving the judgement of Kwangju "to history," was publicly backed over the weekend by the armed forces, which have been haunted by their involvement in a 1979 coup that helped Chun and Roh seize power. "We the army will let our minds take a new turn, and commit ourselves to guard the nation based on the confidence of the people," Defense Minister Lee Yang-Ho said. The defense minister said the special law would "restore honor" to the military. His statement was issued on late Saturday after television listed 58 people, nine of them senior military officers including the head of the joint chiefs of staff, General Kim Dong-Jin, as being involved in the Kwangju masscre. Kim Dong-Jin served as a member of the junta headed by Chun, a former general who went into internal exile in disgrace for about two years after he stepped down in early 1988 to save himself from going to jail. The military statement followed a hasty pledge by Kim Young-Sam, a former dissident, that only key players in the Kwangju massacre would be punished. The president's reassurance came as shocked conservatives and military officials with past ties to the ex-presidents brooded over their future. But opposition parties and dissidents accused the president of using the Kwangju probe to divert public attention from the overriding issue of whether he was elected on slush money amassed by Roh. "There is widespread public suspicion over President's Kim's surprise political show," opposition presidential hopeful Kim Dae-Jung told a meeting of his party officials Sunday in the north of Seoul. On Saturday, some 30,000 dissidents and civic group activists demonstrated in Seoul and 14 other cities, challenging Kim Young-Sam to prove that Roh's slush money was not used to help him win the 1992 presidential polls. The demonstrators also demanded the appointment of politically neutral prosecutors to conduct a fair investigation into who was responsible for the Kwangju massacre, charging the existing prosecutor's office had shown itself to be an instrument of the government. The ruling DLP, which controls parliament, has voiced objections to the proposed appointment of special prosecutors. The DLP has pledged to file the bill in parliament before the current session closes in December. cwl/kw/sc Document 401 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 26, 1995 09:42 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 774 words HEADLINE: SKorea set to reopen Kwangju massacre with military blessing BODY: By C. W. Lim SEOUL, Nov 26 - South Korean prosecutors were set Sunday to reopen an investigation of the 1980 massacre of pro-democracy protesters in Kwangju, with the public blessing of the military. State-run KBS radio quoted prosecution sources as saying the investigation of 1980 military junta leaders, including disgraced former presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo, may start this week. The prosecution will also conduct a parallel probe of former military officers to find out whether Roh, already in jail on bribery charges, had received kickbacks in deals with foreign arms suppliers, KBS said. "Our probe into slush money will be accelerated to indict Roh before December 5," chief prosecutor Ahn Kang-Min told reporters, without giving further details. The prosecution's moves followed the surprise decision Friday by incumbent President Kim Young-Sam to enact a special law to allow the indictment of former military leaders linked to the 1980 crackdown that left some 200 people dead and more than 1,000 injured in the southern city of Kwangju. The president's about-face from a policy of leaving the judgement of Kwangju "to history," was publicly backed over the weekend by the armed forces, which have been haunted by their involvement in a 1979 coup that helped Chun and Roh seize power. "We the army will let our minds take a new turn, and commit ourselves to guard the nation based on the confidence of the people," Defense Minister Lee Yang-Ho said. The defense minister said the special law would "restore honor" to the military. His statement was issued on late Saturday after television listed 58 people, nine of them senior military officers including the head of the joint chiefs of staff, General Kim Dong-Jin, as being involved in the Kwangju masscre. Kim Dong-Jin served as a member of the junta headed by Chun, a former general who went into internal exile in disgrace for about two years after he stepped down in early 1988 to save himself from going to jail. The military statement followed a hasty pledge by Kim Young-Sam, a former dissident, that only key players in the Kwangju massacre would be punished. The president's reassurance came as shocked conservatives and military officials with past ties to the ex-presidents brooded over their future. Five lawmakers, four of them in Kim Young-Sam's ruling Democratic Liberal Party (DLP), are also included in the list of 58. But opposition parties and dissidents accused the president of using the Kwangju probe to divert public attention from the overriding issue of whether he was elected on slush money amassed by Roh. "There is widespread public suspicion over President's Kim's surprise political show," opposition presidential hopeful Kim Dae-Jung told a meeting of his party officials Sunday in the north of Seoul. On Saturday, some 30,000 dissidents and civic group activists demonstrated in Seoul and 14 other cities, challenging Kim Young-Sam to prove that Roh's slush money was not used to help him win the 1992 presidential polls. The demonstrators also demanded the appointment of politically neutral prosecutors to conduct a fair investigation into who was responsible for the Kwangju massacre, charging the existing prosecutor's office had shown itself to be an instrument of the government. The ruling DLP, which controls parliament, has voiced objections to the proposed appointment of special prosecutors. The DLP has pledged to file the bill in parliament before the current session closes in December. cwl/kw/sc/msa Document 402 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 26, 1995 04:41 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 827 words HEADLINE: SKorean prosecutors set to reopen probe into 1980 massacre BODY: By C. W. Lim SEOUL, Nov 26 - South Korean prosecutors were set Sunday to reopen investigations into the 1980 massacre of pro-democracy protesters in Kwangju after a shock ruling party decision that the masterminds should be punished. State-run KBS radio quoted prosecution sources as saying the investigation of the then military junta leaders, including disgraced former presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo, may start this week. The prosecution will also conduct a parallel probe into former military officers to find out whether Roh, already in jail on bribery charges, had received kickbacks in deals with foreign arms suppliers, KBS said. The prosecution's moves followed the decision Friday by incumbent President Kim Young-Sam to enact a special law to allow indictment of former junta leaders linked to Kwangju, including Chun who seized power through a 1979 coup. Chun went into internal exile in disgrace for about two years after he stepped down in early 1988 to save himself from going to jail. But dissidents have demanded the arrest of Chun, Roh and their associates, accusing them of masterminding the 1980 military assault that left some 200 people dead and more than 1,000 injured in the southern city of Kwangju. The president's about-face from a policy of leaving the judgement of Kwangju to history, followed a wave of protests triggered by the prosecution's decision in August not to indict the two ex-presidents. But opposition parties and dissidents over the weekend accused Kim of using the Kwangju probe to divert public attention from the orverriding issue of whether he was elected on slush money amassed by Roh. On Saturday, some 30,000 dissidents and civic group activists demonstrated in Seoul and 14 other cities, challenging Kim to prove that Roh's slush fund was not used to help Kim win the 1992 presidential polls. The demonstrators also demanded the appointment of politically neutral prosecutors to conduct a fair and independent investigation into who was responsible for the Kwangju massacre. "There is widespread public suspicion over President's Kim's surprise political show," opposition presidential hopeful Kim Dae-Jung told a meeting of his party officials Sunday in the north of Seoul. The ruling Democratic Liberal Party (DLP), which controls parliament, voiced objections to the opposition call for the appointment of special prosecutors, vowing to push ahead with legislation of the special law in December which would pave the way for the indictment of the former leaders. Kim's Kwangju decision also shocked incumbent government officials, politicians and military officers with past ties to Chun and Roh, and on Saturday Kim hastily said the special law was not intended to cut off former supporters of the past military-backed regimes. "It does not mean severing ties with those who served under Chun and Roh," Kim said. While conservatives brooded over their political future, the armed forces publicly backed Kim's decision, saying it would "restore honor" to the military. "We the army will let our minds take a new turn, and commit ourselves to guard the nation based on the confidence of the people," Defense Minister Lee Yang-Ho said. His statement followed television reports listing 58 people, nine of them senior military officers including the head of the joint chiefs of staff General Kim Dong-Jin, as being involved in the Kwangju masscre. Meanwhile, reports said on Sunday that prosecutors would soon summon former military leaders to clarify suspicions that Roh had received a huge amount of money in kickbacks over deals with foreign arms suppliers. Those to be questioned include former defense ministers Lee Sang-Hoon and Lee Jong-Koo, both arrested in 1993 on bribery charges and paroled several months later, Yonhap news agency said. cwl/kw/pvh/msa Document 403 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 26, 1995 11:16 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 1840 words DATELINE: Nov 26 BODY: The 1100 GMT news advisory: Duty editor: Michael Adler Tel. Paris (33-1) 40.41.46.36 KABUL: Taliban jets bomb Kabul, killing at least 30 civilians and injuring 140 in the worst raid the besieged Afghan capital has known, officials say. Afghan-bombs,2ndlead,moved. Picture. LONDON: Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic warns that Sarajevo's status may have to be renegotiated under the Dayton peace accord as Serbs in the city are not prepared to accept Moslem authority. Yugo-peace-Sarajevo,lead 450 words around 1130 GMT by Stephane Barbier KUPLENSKO, Croatia: Some 20,000 Bosnian refugees, unwanted in Croatia and treated by the Bosnians as traitors, refused this weekend to return home for fear of reprisals, rocking back hopes for an early resolution of the Balkan refugee crisis. Yugo-Croatia-refugees 600 words around 1130 GMT by Francoise Michel NAIROBI: Kenyan police continue arrests of Rwandans in Nairobi, which have included the former Anglican archbisop of Kigali Monsignor Sebununguari, Hutu refugees say here. Kenya-Rwanda,lead 500 words around 1130 GMT by Serge Arnold JOHANNESBURG: President Nelson Mandela launches a blistering attack on Nigerian military strongman General Sani Abacha, describing his rule as "barbaric, corrupt, irresponsible and arrogant." SAfrica-Nigeria,moved DUBLIN: Ireland's approval of divorce marks a new era but the closeness of the vote shows that the country is divided. Ireland-divorce-analysis 500 words around 1300 GMT BAGHDAD: Iraq urges senior UN weapons inspector Rolf Ekeus to set a quick deadline to complete his work on disarming Iraq and recommend a lifting of economic sanctions. Iraq-UN,lead 550 words around 1130 GMT by Farouk Choukri COLOMBO: Sri Lankan commandos prepare a final assault on the Tamil stronghold at Jaffna amid a nationwide alert against rebel attacks to mark the 41st birthday of guerrilla leader Velupillai Prabhakaran. SriLanka-Tamil,lead 600 words around 1115 GMT SEOUL: South Korean prosecutors are set to reopen an investigation into the 1980 Kwangju massacre and the military says it backs the move. SKorea-massacre,2ndlead 600 words around 1200 GMT by C.W. Lim The 1600 GMT news advisory: Duty editor: Gunther Kern Tel. Paris (33-1) 40.41.46.36 QUITO: Ecuadorans stream to the ballot box to vote on President Sixto Duran-Ballen's 11 proposed constitutional reforms including a controversial one that would let him dissolve the legislature at will. Ecuador-constitution. Picture. 600 words at 1630 GMT PALE, Bosnia-Hercegovina: Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic says his army will hold its ground in Sarajevo and warns that western soldiers will die if an attempt is made to arrest him to face trial for war crimes. Yugo-peace-Karadzic,lead 750 words moved TUZLA, Bosnia-Hercegovina: Sharp-witted entrepreneurs in this northeast Bosnian city are already gearing up to cash in on the peace dividend with the expected arrival of 20,000 US troops as part of NATO's implementation force. Yugo-peace-cash 450 words around 1700 GMT by Adrian Brown DUBLIN: Despite the victory of the pro-divorce lobby couples will still have to wait a few years before they can become legally divorced. Ireland-divorce. New series 600 words around 1700 GMT by Henry Bouvier ABIDJAN: Turn-out in Ivory Coast's legislative elections, despite numerous delays, is expected to be high after the interior ministry estimates between 3O and 35 percent of the country's ICoast-vote,2ndlead 550 words moved BARCELONA, Spain: Israel is looking to reap political benefits from an unprecedented conference here which is bringing it together with Arab countries including Syria to discuss cooperation with the European Union. 500 words around 1700 GMT by Julie Bradford PARIS: French trade unions embark on a war of attrition against the conservative government's plans to reform the welfare system to cut deficits. France-strike,lead 600 words around 1700 GMT by Geoffrey Varley PARIS: French President Jacques Chirac shrugs off his record unpopularity, saying he has seven years in which to rule France and his poor performance in opinion polls so far will not make him doubt. France-Chirac 600 words moved VATICAN CITY: For the second time in a week, Pope John Paul II has seen his advice to two of Europe's most Catholic countries go unheeded as voters in Ireland opt to legalise divorce. Vatican-Ireland-Poland 500 words moved JERUSALEM: Thousands of ultra-orthodox Jews protest in Jerusalem against the "desecration" of ancient burial sites by archaeologists unearthing the ruins of a 2,000-year-old village. Israel-religion 600 words moved Document 404 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 25, 1995 04:00 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 320 words HEADLINE: SVAY PRATEAL, Cambodia: Cambodia's co-Premier Hun Sen said there were still BODY: SEOUL: Security was tightened at the Seoul residence of former president Chun Doo-Hwan Saturday after an announcement that the government would indict those held responsible for the 1980 Kwangju massacre. (SKorea-massacre) DHAKA: Bangladeshi President Abdul Rahman Biswas dissolved the parliament and asked Prime Minister Khaleda Zia to continue as interim prime minister, state-run television announced. (Bangladesh-parliament) COLOMBO: Tamil Tiger guerrillas attacked Sri Lankan troops with gas in the rebel citadel of Jaffna, triggering heavy fighting that left at least four soldiers and 80 rebels dead, the government said. (SriLanka-Tamil-gas) RANGOON: Burmese opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi said that heavy prison terms handed down to three of her supporters earlier this week were an "abherration of justice." (Burma-SuuKyi) BEIJING: China has launched another vitriolic attack on Tibet's exiled spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, and issued an ominous warning of its willingness to use force against pro-Tibetan independence forces. (China-Tibet) TOKYO: Okinawa Governor Masahide Ota demanded an action program aimed at a "visible" reduction in US bases on the island amid continuing anger at the rape of a 12-year-old girl by US servicemen. (Japan-US) KARACHI: At least 13 people have died in a new wave of violence here between rival factions of the powerful Mohajir Qaumi Movement, police and residents said. (Pakistan-violence) burs/bl/pvh Document 405 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 25, 1995 03:59 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 747 words HEADLINE: Kim Young-Sam tries to hold together crumbling ruling coalition BODY: by Zeno Park SEOUL, Nov 25 - South Korean President Kim Young-Sam on Saturday scrambled to prevent his ruling coalition from falling apart as preparations got underway to enact a special law to punish ex-military junta leaders. A presidential spokesman said the special law would only affect "key masterminds" of the 1980 massacre of pro-democracy protesters in Kwangju and was not intended to punish former supporters of the disgraced ex-presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo. "It does not mean severing ties with those who served under Chun and Roh and currently belong to the ruling camp," the spokesman quoted Kim Young-Sam as saying during a meeting with Kim Yoon-Hwan, chairman of the Democratic Liberal Party (DLP). The chairman is a former Chun top aide now heading a major faction in the ruling coalition. A major proportion of the ruling elite are former Chun and Roh followers, mostly hailing from the politically important eastern province of North Kyongsang. "No others but key players in the (1980) coup and massacre will be subject to punishment," the president said. His statements followed predictions by political commentators that Kim's decision to punish ex-junta leaders signaled a house cleaning of the ruling camp and that the president would cut off former supporters of his disgraced predecessors, Chun and Roh, and reshape the ruling party. The decision paved the way for Roh and Chun to be tried for their alleged role in the massacre in the southwestern city of Kwangju in which 200 died and more than 1,000 were wounded by official count. On Wednesday, the president ordered the ruling DLP to change its name and become a new party to distance itself from Roh and Chun. Friday's decision was a shock reversal for Kim Young-Sam, who has until now urged South Koreans to leave judgement of Chun and Roh "to history" for the sake of national unity. On Saturday, some 2,000 protesters, students and families of the Kwangju victims marched peacefully through Seoul demanding that Kim apppoint a special neutral prosecutor to hear the massacre case, witnesses said. Roh has been in jail since November 16 on charges of milking millions of dollars from businesses. Chun has lived in retirement in Seoul since returning from internal exile in a remote Buddhist temple. Local newspapers on Saturday put out a list of 58 people accused by the opposition of being involved in the Kwangju bloodshed, including several notables in the ruling camp and some top active military men. Meanwhile, the ruling DLP set up a committee of legal experts charged with working out the special bill which it plans to submit to the National Assembly for passage early next month, a DLP spokesman said. But he said the ruling camp won't accept the opposition's call for a politically neutral special prosecutor, which DLP officials said would undermine the prosecution's authority. Human rights activists and the opposition said a special prosecutor was necessary because the state prosecution had already discredited itself four months ago by dropping a case against Chun and Roh and the junta leaders. Prosecutors earlier said Chun and Roh had been guilty of conspiracy in seizing power through the coup but did not charge them, saying that the prosecutors were not competent to "rule on history." The Kwangju uprising, triggered by a coup in May 1980, was quelled by martial law troops in a 10 day battle. ckp/kw/lk Document 406 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 25, 1995; Saturday 02:27 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 1063 words BODY: WORLD AT 0700 GMT MAIN SPOT NEWS: NEW: SRI LANKA-CIVIL WAR, government troops repulse rebel gas attack. MEXICO-SALINAS, prosecutors look into Salinas brother Swiss bank account. SOUTH KOREA-POLITICS, Kim Young-sam boosts election campaign by punishing predecessors. HONG KONG-HAPPY VALLEY, Hong Kong's famed race track reopens. JAPAN-US MILITARY, top officials meet Okinawa's governor on U.S. bases. PALE, Bosnia-Herzegovina Rebel Serb leaders are seeking to win over their people to a peace plan they themselves accepted only under pressure by promising them that the struggle for Serb rights will continue on a political level. YUGOSLAVIA. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Jovana Gec. AP Photos PAL101-103. AP Graphic BOSNIA UPDATE. WASHINGTON Defending plans to put American troops in harm's way, President Clinton argued Saturday that a peacekeeping mission in Bosnia will end bloodshed and prevent a wider European war. US-YUGOSLAVIA. Lead expected by 0900 GMT. Material from Clinton radio address embargoed for release at 1506 GMT. By Ron Fournier. THE HAGUE, Netherlands The Bosnian peace agreement seems to dispel the notion that major war criminals will be brought before the U.N. tribunal. ANALYSIS-YUGOSLAV-TRIBUNAL'S ROLE. Has moved. By Mike Corder. ALSO MOVED: YUGOSLAVIA-UN Attack, Bosnian government soldiers attack and loot a base of Bangladeshi U.N. peacekeepers in a tense northwestern town; GERMANY-PERRY-YUGOSLAVIA. DUBLIN, Ireland Exit polls indicate a close vote in Ireland's referendum on reconsidering the country's ban on divorce. IRELAND-DIVORCE. Developing. Ballot count to begin at 0900 GMT Saturday, results expected around 1500 GMT. By Shawn Pogatchnik. AP Photo LON101,108. WITH: IRELAND-DIVORCE-GLANCE. MEXICO CITY Under a false name in a Swiss bank account sat dlrs 84 million apparently held there by the former president's brother. Mexican prosecutors want to know where it came from. MEXICO-SALINAS. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By John Rice. ALSO MOVED: SWITZERLAND-MEXICO-SALINAS, from BERN, the sister-in-law of Mexico's former president is arrested in connection with a drug operation. AP Photo MO101. SINGAPORE Former Barings trader Nick Leeson will not have special privileges in the maximum-security cell where he is being held on charges of fraud and forgery, a government minister says. SINGAPORE-LEESON. Has moved. By Vijay Joshi. AP Photos SIN101-104. COLOMBO, Sri Lanka Tamil rebels in an attempt to free their comrades trapped inside Jaffna city, use gas against government troops, the military said Saturday. The soldiers, however, repulsed the attack, killing at least 80 guerrillas. SRI LANKA-CIVIL WAR. Expected by 0900 GMT. By Dexter Cruez. SEOUL, South Korea President Kim Young-sam's decision to punish his predecessors for involvement in the ''Kwangju massacre'' 15 years ago could disintegrate his ruling party but enhance chances of victory in upcoming national elections, analysts and reports say. SOUTH KOREA-POLITICS. Expected by 0800 GMT. By Paul Shin. TOKYO Top government officials meet Okinawa's governor Saturday to discuss what Tokyo can do to ease Okinawans' anger over U.S. military bases on the southwestern Japanese island. JAPAN-US MILITARY. Has moved; developments will be expedited. PARIS Striking public workers angered by plans to revamp the debt-plagued social security system paralyzed most of France, forcing thousands to walk, hitchhike and cycle to work Friday. FRANCE-STRIKE. Has moved. By Pierre-Yves Glass. AP Photos PAR102, 106, 108. BEVERLY HILLS, California Louis Malle was not interested in car chases, bank robberies and other standard movie fare. His films were deeply personal explorations of everything from preteen prostitutes to fading gamblers. US-OBIT-MALLE. Lead expected by 0900 GMT. By John Horn. AP Photo NY108. WITH: Malle-Filmography. Has moved. PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti Hundreds of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide's supporters urge him to keep the top job despite next month's elections. HAITI-ARISTIDE. Has moved. By Michael Norton. AP Photo NY110. HONG KONG With a Chinese lion dance and a colonial stamp of approval from Gov. Chris Patten, Hong Kong's famed Happy Valley racetrack is to reopen Saturday after a face-lift to take it into a 21st century under Chinese rule. HONG KONG-HAPPY VALLEY. Expected by 1100 GMT. By John Leicester. LONDON Princess Diana won her TV gamble: The British public believe she is a caring woman who was badly treated by the royal family. Years of headlines about royal scandals and indiscretions are taking a toll on the monarchy. BRITAIN-DIANA FALLOUT. Has moved. By Edith M. Lederer. WITH: ARGENTINA-DIANA, princess meets with President Carlos Menem in second day of visit to Argentina. AP Photo BAI101. Has moved. LOOKING AHEAD: On Saturday, foreign ministers from the European Union, the Mideast and North Africa meet in Barcelona, Spain. Princess Diana travels to Patagonia in southern Argentina to view whales. On Sunday, UNESCO holds a forum in Paris on children's rights. FEATURES: NEW: OKLAHOMA CITY After the horror of the federal building bombing came a heartfelt outpouring of art from America's children, from finger paintings to collages. Selected from more than 80,000 works that flooded this city after the April 19 blast, 50 pieces now hang in a museum exhibit. FEATURE-US-BOMBING ART. Expected by 0900 GMT. By Paul Queary. AP Photo NY107. RANGOON, Burma Musmeah Yeshua, Burma's last synagogue, often sits vacant amid Hindu temples and Muslim mosques, an aging monument to a dwindling community in one of the world's most isolated countries. FEATURE-BURMA-LAST SYNAGOGUE. Expected by 0900 GMT. By Robert Horn. AP Photos. OTHER FEATURES MOVED: FEATURE-US-THE NATIONAL BLAHS, Americans are disgruntled and uneasy about their economic well-being. FEATURE-FRANCE-DOG TAX. Parisians yelp over proposed dog tax. AP Photo NY190. YOUR QUERIES: The Associated Press World Service editors in charge are Charles Gans and Ian Mader. Suggestions and story requests are welcome. Contact your local AP bureau or the AP International Desk in New York, telephone (1) 212-621-1650, fax (1) 212-621-5449. Document 407 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 25, 1995; Saturday 03:08 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 629 words BYLINE: PAUL SHIN DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: President Kim Young-sam's decision to punish his predecessors for a bloody crackdown 15 years ago was widely praised Saturday, although many saw it as an attempt at political survival rather than historical justice. In a surprise move Friday, Kim ordered his party to enact legislation to prosecute those responsible for the brutal military suppression of a pro-democracy uprising in the southern city of Kwangju in 1980 that killed at least 240 people. How to heal the scars of the massacre, the bloodiest in modern South Korean history, has been a highly divisive political issue. The opposition has demanded stern punishment of those involved, while Kim maintained that history must be the judge. The sudden policy shift came as a spiraling political slush fund scandal has threatened Kim's ruling Democratic Liberal Party. Kim a former opposition leader who is South Korea's first leader without a military background in 32 years also was under pressure from reports that the Constitution Court might reverse a prosecution decision not to press charges against the former presidents. A ruling had been expected within several weeks. Kim's two predecessors, then-army generals Roh Tae-woo and Chun Doo-hwan, seized power in an internal military coup on Dec. 12, 1979, following the assassination of President Park Chung-hee by his intelligence chief. On May 18, 1980, tens of thousands of Kwangju citizens rose up against the junta. Tanks and soldiers were sent to ruthlessly suppress the nine-day uprising. By official count, at least 240 people were killed and more than 1,800 others injured. Roh is currently in prison, charged last week with corruption for allegedly amassing a dlrs 650 million slush fund from bribes during his 1988-93 term. He has said the money came from donations. Chun and many of his supporters could also end up in jail under the proposed special law, expected to be adopted by Parliament in mid-December. The opposition demand for punishment gained strength after prosecutors decided earlier this year not to indict the former leaders because ''a successful coup d'etat cannot be punished.'' Angry protests followed, including violent street clashes with police. More than 6,500 college professors signed a petition against the decision. Kim's decision to prosecute his predecessors, although made under pressure, received wide support, even from his opponents. ''The decision, though belated, is welcome,'' said top opposition leader Kim Dae-jung, who comes from Kwangju province. ''The decision is satisfying,'' added Chung Young-man, representing the families of the Kwangju victims. But former President Chun denounced it as political revenge. He argued that a retroactive law is unconstitutional. The leading national newspaper Chosun Ilbo said in an editorial that Kim's decision was mainly an attempt to deal with the current political crisis created by Roh's slush fund scandal. It said the decision also was aimed at improving the president's flagging popularity ahead of parliamentary elections in April. In South Korea's first local elections in 35 years in June, the Democratic Liberal Party a marriage of a pro-Kim group and supporters of Roh and Chun suffered a devastating defeat. Chosun and other local newspapers predicted that Kim's move could trigger a reorganization of the ruling group by eliminating supporters of his disgraced predecessors. But in the long term, the move is expected to improve his image and enhance his party's chances of victory in April, they said. The development also could prompt the military to purge officers involved in the Kwangju massacre, including Gen. Park Dong-jin, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, they said. Document 408 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 25, 1995; Saturday 03:45 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 699 words BYLINE: PAUL SHIN DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: President Kim Young-sam's decision to punish his predecessors for a bloody crackdown 15 years ago was widely praised Saturday, although many saw it as an attempt at political survival rather than historical justice. In a surprise move Friday, Kim ordered his party to enact legislation to prosecute those responsible for the brutal military suppression of a pro-democracy uprising in the southern city of Kwangju in 1980 that killed at least 240 people. How to heal the scars of the massacre, the bloodiest in modern South Korean history, has been a highly divisive political issue. The opposition has demanded stern punishment of those involved, while Kim maintained that history must be the judge. The sudden policy shift came as a spiraling political slush fund scandal has threatened Kim's ruling Democratic Liberal Party. Kim a former opposition leader who is South Korea's first leader without a military background in 32 years also was under pressure from reports that the Constitution Court might reverse a prosecution decision not to press charges against the former presidents. A ruling had been expected within several weeks. Kim's two predecessors, then-army generals Roh Tae-woo and Chun Doo-hwan, seized power in an internal military coup on Dec. 12, 1979, following the assassination of President Park Chung-hee by his intelligence chief. On May 18, 1980, tens of thousands of Kwangju citizens rose up against the junta. Tanks and soldiers were sent to ruthlessly suppress the nine-day uprising. By official count, at least 240 people were killed and more than 1,800 others injured. Roh is currently in prison, charged last week with corruption for allegedly amassing a dlrs 650 million slush fund from bribes during his 1988-93 term. He has said the money came from donations. Chun and many of his supporters could also end up in jail under the proposed special law, expected to be adopted by Parliament in mid-December. The opposition demand for punishment gained strength after prosecutors decided earlier this year not to indict the former leaders because ''a successful coup d'etat cannot be punished.'' Angry protests followed, including violent street clashes with police. More than 6,500 college professors signed a petition against the decision. Kim's decision to prosecute his predecessors, although made under pressure, received wide support, even from his opponents. ''The decision, though belated, is welcome,'' said top opposition leader Kim Dae-jung, who comes from Kwangju province. ''The decision is satisfying,'' added Chung Young-man, representing the families of the Kwangju victims. But former President Chun denounced it as political revenge. He argued that a retroactive law is unconstitutional. In 14 major cities Saturday, thousands of people held rallies or marched peacefully in support of Kim's decision, organizers said. In Seoul, 1,000 people marched through downtown streets demanding that a special prosecutor be appointed to reinvestigate the case. Among them were two dozen women dressed in white mourning robes and holding in front of them portraits of family members killed in the Kwangju uprising. The leading national newspaper Chosun Ilbo said in an editorial that Kim's decision was mainly an attempt to deal with the current political crisis created by Roh's slush fund scandal. It said the decision also was aimed at improving the president's flagging popularity ahead of parliamentary elections in April. In South Korea's first local elections in 35 years in June, the Democratic Liberal Party a marriage of a pro-Kim group and supporters of Roh and Chun suffered a devastating defeat. Chosun and other local newspapers predicted that Kim's move could trigger a reorganization of the ruling group by eliminating supporters of his disgraced predecessors. But in the long term, the move is expected to improve his image and enhance his party's chances of victory in April, they said. The development also could prompt the military to purge officers involved in the Kwangju massacre, including Gen. Park Dong-jin, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, they said. Document 409 The Associated Press November 25, 1995, Saturday, PM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 724 words HEADLINE: Prosecution of 1980 Massacre Could Shake Up Government, Military BYLINE: By PAUL SHIN, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: President Kim Young Sam's decision to punish two of his predecessors for a bloody crackdown 15 years ago was praised widely today, even though it may have been based more on political survival than righting historical wrongs. In a surprise move Friday, Kim ordered his party to enact legislation to prosecute those responsible for the brutal military suppression of a pro-democracy uprising in the southern city of Kwangju in 1980. At least 240 people died. Debate over how to heal the scars of the massacre, the bloodiest in modern Korean history, has been deeply divisive. The opposition demanded stern punishment, while Kim maintained that history must be the judge. The sudden policy shift reflected his alarm that spreading public anger at a political slush-fund scandal could engulf his ruling Democratic Liberal Party. Kim - a former opposition leader who became South Korea's first civilian leader with no military background in 32 years - also has been under pressure because of reports the Constitution Court might reverse a prosecution decision not to press charges. A ruling was expected within a few weeks. Kim's two predecessors, Roh Tae-woo and Chun Doo-hwan, were army generals who seized power on Dec. 12, 1979, after the assassination of their mentor, President Park Chung-hee, by his intelligence chief. On May 18, 1980, tens of thousands of residents of Kwangju rose up against the junta. Tanks and soldiers were sent to suppress the nine-day uprising. By official count, at least 240 people were killed and more than 1,800 others injured. Now Roh is in prison, charged last week with taking bribes to amass a $ 650 million slush fund during his 1988-93 term. He has said the money came from donations by South Korean businessmen, not from selling official favors. Chun and many of his supporters also could end up in jail under the proposed law, expected to be adopted by Parliament in mid-December. The opposition demand for punishment gained strength after prosecutors decided earlier this year not to indict Roh and Chun on the grounds that "a successful coup d'etat cannot be punished." Angry protests followed, many of which grew into violent street clashes with police. More than 6,500 college professors signed a petition against the decision. Kim's decision to prosecute his predecessors, though made under pressure, received wide support - even from his opponents. "The decision, though belated, is welcome," said top opposition leader Kim Dae-jung, who is from Kwangju province. Chung Young-man, who represents the families of the Kwangju victims, called it "satisfying." But Chun denounced it as political revenge and argued that a retroactive law is unconstitutional. In a statement today, he said the decision "ridicules the people and infringes the rights of the prosecution." Roh did not immediately comment. In 14 major cities today, thousands of people held rallies or marched peacefully in support of Kim's decision, organizers said. In Seoul, 1,000 people marched through downtown demanding that a special prosecutor be appointed to reinvestigate the case. Among them were two dozen women dressed in white mourning robes and holding portraits of family members killed in the Kwangju uprising. The leading national newspaper Chosun Ilbo said in an editorial that Kim's decision was aimed more at coping with the current political crisis created by Roh's slush-fund scandal. It said the decision was intended to improve the president's flagging popularity before parliamentary elections in April. The balloting will be a test of Kim's five-year term, which began in early 1993. The results will influence presidential voting in 1997. In South Korea's first local elections in 35 years in June, the Democratic Liberal Party - a marriage of the pro-Kim group and supporters of Roh and Chun - lost badly. Chosun and other newspapers predicted that Kim's decision to prosecute Roh and Chun could split apart his ruling coalition by driving away supporters of the former generals. But in the long term, the move would help improve his image and his party's chances in April, they said. Kim's announcement also could prompt the military to purge officers involved in the Kwangju massacre, including Gen. Park Dong-jin, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, news reports said. Document 410 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 24, 1995 07:18 Eastern Time SECTION: State and regional LENGTH: 827 words HEADLINE: Chun and Roh face punishment for Kwangju massacre BODY: By Zeno Park SEOUL, Nov 24 - In a stunning turnaround, South Korean President Kim Young-Sam on Friday said he would enact a special law to punish masterminds of the bloody crackdown on a 1980 pro-democracy uprising. The move paves the way for his predecessors, generals-turned-president Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan to be tried for their alleged role in the 1980 massacre in the city of Kwangju, which left at least 200 dead. "Under the special law, those involved in the killing will be indicted and punished," Secretary General Kang Sam-Jae of the ruling Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) said, announcing the decision after a meeting with Kim Young-Sam. "I understand Mr. Chun and Roh are included among those held responsible," he said of the DLP's decison to kick off procedures to submit the law to the DLP-controlled National Assembly next month. The announcement came as Kim Young-Sam, a former dissident, sought to sever ties with the two disgraced former military rulers once and for all. An opposition MP said that the president was "boiling his hunting dogs to eat after the hunt is over," noting that the two had helped Kim Young-Sam win the 1992 presidential election over opposition leader Kim Dae-Jung. Public anger against Roh and his predecessor Chun is running deep after Roh was jailed on Thurday last week on charges of milking millions dollars from businesses while in office from 1988 to 1993. Roh's predecessor Chun lives in retirement in Seoul, continually harrassed by demonstrators demanding his arrest. The decision was largely welcomed by the opposition and human rights activists, but a former general involved in the crackdown voiced strong objections, calling the law "retroactive and unconstitutional." "The (new) law would be retroactive, which is unconstitutional," said Park Jun-Byong, a retired general who commanded the 20th division during the massacre and stands to face punishment. Park, now a lawmaker, recently left the DLP and joined a conservative opposition group. A ruling party lawmaker Chung Ho-Yong, a former defence and home minister who headed the villified special forces command during the massacre, also faces trial. Main opposition National Congress for New Politics leader Kim Dae Jung wlcomed the decision but added that a politically neutral special prosecutor must be appointed for the new law to be effective. The massacre survivors were sceptical. "Let's wait and see -- We'll believe it when we see it," Kim Sun-Kwon, a member of the Kwangju injured victims association told . Friday's decision was a shock reversal by Kim Young-Sam, who has until now urged South Koreans to leave judgement of Chun and Roh "to history" for the sake of national unity. The Kwangju incident has haunted his government because of Roh and Chun, and has marred Kim Young-Sam's credibility as the country's first civilian president. Since Kim took over from Roh in 1993, students and activists have repeatedly clashed with riot police, charging that Kim was sheltering Roh and Chun. Kang quoted Kim Young-Sam as saying the two generals had "disgraced the nation and the people and tarnished the country's image abroad." "Therefore I think a special law on May 18 (1980 Kwangju massacre) is necessary to deal with those who are responsible for the coup that caused unfathomable pain to the people," Kim Young-Sam said. "Enactment of the law will provide an opportunity to show to the people that justice, truth and laws are vividly alive in this land," Kim said. Prosecutors earlier said Chun and Roh had been guilty of conspiracy in seizing power, but did not charge them, saying that the prosecutors were not competent to "rule on history." The decision enraged students and the opposition, who charged government interference. kw/ckp/mms Document 411 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 24, 1995 04:45 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 827 words HEADLINE: Roh probe expanded to military procurment program BODY: By Zeno Park SEOUL, Nov 24 - Prosecutors on Friday expanded a probe of ex-president Roh Tae-Woo's corruption scandal to a massive military procurement project, including purchases of weapons from abroad, prosecution sources said. Senior Prosecutor Ahn Kang-Min said in a briefing that the prosecution had secured documents of the 1993 audit results of the controversial Yulgok Program, which then led to the arrest of several top military leaders. "The probe of Yulgok Program will continue even after Mr. Roh is indicted," an event expected to take place before December 5th, Ahn said, indicating that the probe of the multi-billion-dollar program was in full-swing. The probe is expected to focus on projects which were signed during Roh's tenure from early 1988 to early 1993. They include the procurement of 120 F-16 jet fighters and anti-submarine aircraft from overseas suppliers and programs to jointly develop helicopters and naval destroyers with foreign parters. South Korea reversed an earlier decision to buy F-18s from McDonnell Douglas and settled on F-16s of General Dynamics, allegedly in return for a kickback which was funneled to Roh's suspect secret Swiss bank accounts. Roh and General Dynamics have denied the allegations. Local press reports said that prosecutors planned to indict 24 South Korean tycoons for contributing to Roh's 650 million dollar slush fund. Yonhap news agency said, however, that none of the 24 would be arrested on bribery charges because of a feared adverse impact on the economy, news which sent the stock market soaring 1.2 percent. The list of tycoons accused of bribing Roh included the heads of the giant Samsung, Hyundai, Daewoo, LG and Hanjin groups, the respected Dong-A Daily and other major dailies said. Others in the published list included the Dong Ah, Lotte, Jinro, Ssayong, Hanbo, Daelim, Hyosung, Kum Ho, Dong Bu, Daenong, Hanil groups, Dongkuk Steel Mill, Sambu Construction and the Kia, Miwon, Kohap, Doosan, Tongyang and Poongsan groups. Another five companies were accused of having bribed Roh, but the statute of limitations on bribery cases had expired in their case and they would not face indictment, the largest circulation Chosun Daily said. The five were named as the Sunkyong, Kukdong, Kolon, Haitai and Pacific groups. The 29 conglomerates had given Roh some 313 million dollars, the newspers said. Friday's reports were the first saying a decision to prosecute had been taken, although lists of the amounts the companies had allegedly paid to Roh have already been published. Meanwhile, the ruling Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) announced Friday that it would enact a special law that would allow punishment for the masterminds of the bloody crackdown on a 1980 pro-democracy uprising. The move would pave the way for former generals-turned-presidents Roh Tae-Woo and his predecessor Chun Doo-Hwan to be tried for their alleged role in the 1980 Kwangju massacre in which 200 died by official count. The special law, to be passed by the National Assembly by the end of next month, is seen here as a decisive move by the DLP to sever its remaining ties with Roh and Chun, whose supporters voted for Kim Young-Sam in 1992 presidential election. Government sources said Friday that the ruling camp planned sweeping cabinet and party leadership reshuffles next month to put on a new face following ex-president Roh Tae-Woo's corruption scandal. The shakeup will be carried out after the prosecution indicts Roh early next month. Roh was jailed on Thurday last week on charges of milking millions of dollars from businesses while in office from 1988 to early 1993. ckp/kw/mms Document 412 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 24, 1995 03:10 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 1147 words HEADLINE: URGENT DATELINE: SEOUL, Nov 24 BODY: South Korea's ruling party announced Friday its decision to enact a special law to allow punishment for the masterminds of the bloody crackdown on a 1980 pro-democracy uprising, Yonhap Television news said. ckp-kw/lk South Korea's ruling party announced Friday its decision to enact a special law to allow punishment for the masterminds of the bloody crackdown on a 1980 pro-democracy uprising in Kwanju, Yonhap Television news said. The decision by the Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) was announced by party Secretary General Kang Sam-Jae after a meeting with President Kim Young-Sam, the TV station said. The opposition has called for former generals-turned-president Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan to be punished for their alleged role in the 1980 Kwanju massacre in which 200 died by official count. "The May 18 (1980) tragedy should no longer be an obstacle to reforms," Kang said in his televised statement. Kang said the law would be submitted to the National Assembly, in which the DLP holds a majority, before its current session ends next month. ckp-kw/lk SEOUL, Nov 24 - South Korea's ruling party announced Friday its decision to enact a special law that would allow punishment for the masterminds of the bloody crackdown on a 1980 pro-democracy uprising. The decision by the Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) was announced on television by party Secretary General Kang Sam-Jae after a meeting with President Kim Young-Sam. "The May 18 (1980) tragedy should no longer be an obstacle to reforms," Kang said in his televised statement. "Those involved in the killing will be indicted and punished." The move would pave the way for former generals-turned-president Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan to be tried for their alleged role in the 1980 Kwangju massacre in which 200 died by official count. Kang said the law would be submitted to the National Assembly, in which the DLP holds a majority, before its session ends next month. Kim Young-Sam has until now urged South Koreans to leave judgement of Chun and Roh "to history" for the sake of national unity. Roh was sent to jail here last Thursday, charged with taking some 310 million dollars from business tycoons during his term of office from 1988 to 1993. ckp-kw/lk SEOUL, Nov 24 - South Korea's ruling party announced Friday it would enact a special law to allow punishment for the masterminds of the bloody crackdown on a 1980 pro-democracy uprising in Kwangju. The decision by the Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) was announced on television by party Secretary General Kang Sam-Jae after a meeting with President Kim Young-Sam, who heads the DLP. "The May 18 (1980) tragedy should no longer be an obstacle to reforms," Kang said in his televised statement. "Those involved in the killing will be indicted and punished." The move would pave the way for former generals-turned-presidents Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan to be tried for their alleged roles in the 1980 Kwangju massacre in which at least 200 died by official count. Kim Young-Sam has until now urged South Koreans to leave judgement of Chun and Roh "to history" for the sake of national unity. Kang said the law would be submitted to the National Assembly, where passage would be automatic as the DLP holds a majority, before its current session ends next month. Roh was sent to jail here last Thursday, charged with taking some 310 million dollars from business tycoons during his term of office from 1988 to 1993. Chun, his predecessor who took power in a military coup after the massacre, lives in retirement in Seoul, continually harrassed by demonstrators demanding his arrest. Kang quoted Kim Young-Sam as saying during the meeting that the May 17 extension of martial law, which triggered the uprising, had disgraced the nation and the people and tarnished the country's image abroad. "Therefore I think a special law on May 18 is necessary to deal with those who are responsible for the coup that caused unfathomable pain to the people," he quoted Kim as saying. "Enactment of the law will provide an opportunity to show to the people that justice, truth and laws are vividly alive in this land," Kim said. The main opposition National Congress for New Politics (NCNP), which has long pushed for the two former presidents to be held legally accountable for the Kwangju massacre, welcomed the announcement. "We welcome the decision in principle, but we think that a special prosecution team should be set up for this decision to be really meaningful," NCNP spokesman Park Jie-Won said. Document 413 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 24, 1995 03:34 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 667 words HEADLINE: South Korea plans reshuffle, special law to punish former military rulers DATELINE: (INCORPORATING SKorea-massacre) BODY: By Zeno Park SEOUL, Nov 24 - South Korea's ruling camp plans a sweeping cabinet and party leadership reshuffle next month to put on a new face following ex-president Roh Tae-Woo's corruption scandal, government sources said Friday. In a related development, the ruling Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) announced Friday that it would enact a special law that would allow punishment of the masterminds of the bloody crackdown on a 1980 pro-democracy uprising. The move would pave the way for former generals-turned-presidents Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan to be tried for their alleged role in the 1980 Kwangju massacre in which 200 died by official count. The special law, to be passed by the National Assembly by the end of next month, is seen here as the last move to sever remaining ties with Roh and Chun, whose supporters voted for Kim Young-Sam in 1992 presidential election. Meanwile, a senior official of the presidential Blue House told : "The trend is for reshuffling the ruling camp leadership after changing the party name." The president on Wednesday ordered the ruling party to change its name to distance itself from his scandal-ridden predecessor Roh. The shakeup will be carried out after the prosecution indicts Roh early next month. Roh was jailed on Thurday last week on charges of milking millions of dollars from businesses while in office from 1988 to early 1993. Kim Young-Sam, saying the Roh scandal had to be turned into an opportunity to launch political reforms, on Wednesday ordered the calling of a national party convention to get the shakeup under way. The ruling DLP came into existence in 1990 when then opposition leaders Kim Young-Sam and Kim Jong-Pil joined forces with then president Roh. Local press reports said that prosecutors planned to indict 24 South Korean tycoons for contributing to Roh's 650 million dollar slush fund. Yonhap news agency said, however, that none of the 24 would be arrested on bribery charges because of feared adverse impact on the economy. The list of tycoons accused of bribing Roh included the heads of the giant Samsung, Hyundai, Daewoo LG and Hanjin groups, the respected Dong-A Daily and other major dailies said. Others in the published list included the Dong Ah, Lotte, Jinro, Ssayong, Hanbo, Daelim, Hyosung, Kum Ho, Dong Bu, Daenong, Hanil groups, Dongkuk Steel Mill, Sambu Construction and the Kia, Miwon, Kohap, Doosan, Tongyang and Poongsan groups. Another five companies were accused of having bribed Roh, but the status of limitations on bribery cases had expired in their case and they would not face indictment, the largest circulation Chosun Daily said. The five were named as the Sunkyong, Kukdong, Kolon, Haitai and Pacific groups. The 29 conglomerates had given Roh some 313 million dollars, the newspapers said. Friday's reports were the first saying a decision to prosecute had been taken, although lists of the amounts the companies had allegedly paid to Roh have already been published. jhl/ckp/kw/mms Document 414 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 07:05 Eastern Time SECTION: Advisory LENGTH: 804 words BYLINE: TONI BRETT BODY: Lastwagen mit doppeltem Boden transportierte 678 Kilo Haschisch Utl: Rauschgiftschmuggel am Grenz bergang Stra aburg/Kehl aufgeflogen - Drahtzieher und zwei Mitt V0158 ----- u a .1000 AP-NewsBrief 11-24 0797 .1000 AP-NewsBrief,0797 AP Top News At 7 a.m. EST Friday, Nov. 24, 1995 FRANCE STRIKE PARIS (AP) Millions of workers went on strike today, shutting down banks, schools, government offices and public transportation in a protest against plans to overhaul France's health care system. Labor leaders called for marches and rallies in Paris and across France. Unions issued strike calls at major industrial companies, but it was not immediately clear how effective they were. Unions representing about 5 million public employees are upset over plans to increase taxes and extend the number of years their members must pay into social security funds before they can retire. MISSING HEIRESS VICKSBURG, Miss. (AP) An open door, a television on, two purses missing, and a mattress and bathroom stained with blood. Those were among the circumstances in the home of missing furniture heiress Jacqueline Levitz that led police to believe she was killed. ''Judging from the large amount of blood, I would think she may have been murdered,'' Warren County Sheriff Paul Barrett said Wednesday. Levitz is the widow of Ralph Levitz, founder of the Levitz Furniture chain. He died of a stroke in March. As of early this year, the company had 135 stores in 26 states, with annual sales of $1 billion. HOLIDAY-SAFE PETS ALBANY, N.Y. (AP) For pets, the holiday season can be filled with danger, veterinarians say. Chocolate can be lethal to dogs. It contains theobromine, a caffeinelike compound that simulates the heart and nervous system. Chocolate also is toxic for cats, although are less likely to eat it. Larry Thompson, a clinical toxicologist at Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine, said he has seen animals with stomach or mouth irritations from eating small amounts of poinsettias. Mistletoe is far more toxic, and tinsel may be the most lethal Christmas tradition. Cats love the stuff, said Robin Tobin, a veterinarian at the Rotterdam Veterinary Hospital outside Albany. But ingested tinsel can get tangled in their intestines and most cats will die without surgery, she said. IRELAND-DIVORCE DUBLIN, Ireland (AP) Irish voters, who have firmly rebuffed divorce before, were asked again today to reconsider lifting their country's ban on the practice. Ireland is the only Western nation that prohibits divorce, and opinion polls this week showed the nation is split almost down the middle on whether to end that prohibition. Among the first to vote when polling stations opened was President Mary Robinson. She isn't allowed to take a public stand on the issue, but is know to favor loosening the links between church and state. Some 2.6 million people are eligible to vote. The result is to be announced on Saturday. SOUTH KOREA-POLITICS SEOUL, South Korea (AP) President Kim Young-sam said today he will let two of his predecessors be prosecuted for a 1980 attack that killed 200 pro-democracy demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju. Kim appeared to be trying to distance himself from the country's former soldier-leaders and a slush fund scandal involving one of them, Roh Tae-Woo. Also today, news reports quoted prosecutors who said they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing Roh in exchange for lucrative government contracts. Public anger at the Kwangju massacre is still so strong that a demonstration on its anniversary last May drew 7,000 people who demanded punishment for Roh and former President Chun Doo-hwan. JAPAN MARKETS TOKYO (AP) The dollar was traded at 101.08 yen at 5 p.m. today, down 0.60 yen from its level of 101.68 yen at 5 p.m. Wednesday. The Nikkei Stock Average closed at 18,215.23 points, down 24.61 points, or 0.13 percent, on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Japanese financial markets were closed Thursday for a national holiday. CHIEFS-COWBOYS IRVING, Texas (AP) The Dallas Cowboys now share the best record in the NFL. Whether they still have the NFL's best running back remains to be seen. After beating the Kansas City Chiefs 24-12 in a Thanksgiving Day showdown, the Cowboys now might face a more demanding test the possibility of playing without Smith, who was wheeled off the field with a knee injury late in the third quarter. He is to have an MRI exam today, and the entire Cowboys' organization is not about to rest easy until the preliminary diagnosis of a sprain is confirmed. Anything worse could doom a shot at another Super Bowl. ''I just pray to the good Lord my man is OK,'' said running backs coach Joe Brodsky. Document 415 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 07:24 Eastern Time SECTION: National political LENGTH: 795 words BODY: B rgermeister wegen Erpressungsversuchs angeklagt Frankfurt (AP) Versuchte Erpressung zugunsten der Parteikasse wirft die Staatsanwaltschaft dem ehemaligen B rgermeister von Kriftel im Taunus, Hans Werner B rs, vor. Wie Oberstaatsanwalt Job Tilmann am Freitag in Frankfurt am Main mitteilte, soll das CDU-Mitglied im Sommer 1989 die Aufhebung eines von ihm erwirkten Baustopps f r eine Montagehalle an die Bedingung gekn pft haben, da a der Bauherr zun w1292 wstm- r p Tarife/Staat/Ost 11-24 0237 dsa frudj Ab 1997 auch Altersversorgung im ffentlichen Dienst Ost Utl: Gewerkschaft TV und Arbeitgeber erzielen Einigung Stuttgart/Bonn (AP) Vom 1. Januar 1997 an wird auch f r die rund 1,3 Millionen Arbeiter und Angestellten im ffentlichen Dienst Ostdeutschlands eine zus w1293 wstm- r p SriLanka/K dmpfe 11-24 0205 dda Tamilische Rebellen leisten heftigen Widerstand (Bild COL101) Utl: Srilankische Pr w1294 wstm- r i Schweiz/Medien 11-24 0588 ssa Berner Stadtregierung k ndigt im Anzeiger-Streit vorzeitig Utl: BTM-Gruppe Vertragsverletzung vorgeworfen - Strafanzeigen nicht ausgeschlossen - Bund Verlag AG bernimmt fr her Bern (AP) Die Berner Stadtregierung hat den Vertrag mit dem Verlag der .Berner Zeitung /, BTM, ber die Herausgabe der amtlichen Publikation .Stadtanzeiger Bern / vorzeitig gek ndigt und Vertragsverletzungen geltendgemacht. Der .Stadtanzeiger / geht damit einen Monat fr her als geplant an die Bund Verlag AG ber. Die vorzeitige K ndigung sei wegen unlauteren Wettbewerbs, Verletzung gesetzlicher Vorschriften, irref hrender Werbung und Herabsetzung des .Stadtanzeigers Bern / erfolgt, gab Stadtpr w1296 wstm- r i BC-APNewsSummary 11-24 0510 BC-AP News Summary,0518 Here is a summary of late news from The Associated Press. Stories carried ''i'' or ''f'' category codes. Some of the items below have moved on this circuit in expanded form: PARIS (AP) Millions of government workers struck and thousands took to the streets Friday to protest plans to overhaul the debt-ridden social security system and the partial privatization of key public utilities. The second major 24-hour walkout in two months turned up pressure on the six-month-old conservative government of Prime Minister Alain Juppe, who is struggling to control a 320 billion franc (dlrs 64 billion) deficit. A third strike is planned next Tuesday. The job action took place amid increasing tension in France's 90 public universities. SEOUL, South Korea (AP) Seeking to distance himself from discredited predecessors, President Kim Young-sam on Friday ordered his party to enact a special law aimed at punishing two former presidents for their role in a 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. The special law would enable prosecution of former presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo in what is known as the ''Kwangju Massacre'' the bloody attack by crack troops and tanks against thousands of demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju on May 18, 1980. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered the attack, in which more than 200 people were killed. MOSCOW (AP) An emergency system to monitor radiation was activated Friday in Moscow following the discovery of radioactive material in a city park that was allegedly planted by Chechen rebels, an official said. Russia's independent NTV television, which found the container, said that Chechen rebels planted the object and that rebel commander Shamil Basayev had revealed the location earlier this month. The material was identified as cesium, which poses little health threat. WASHINGTON (AP) President Clinton has letters from Serbian, Bosnian and Croatian leaders promising to ''ensure the safety and security'' of U.S. and other peacekeeping troops in Bosnia, according to a published report. The documents are important for the administration's campaign to convince Congress to approve deployment of about 20,000 American troops, an unnamed senior U.S. official told The Washington Post in Friday's editions. U.S. officials are hoping Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic can obtain a similar letter from the Bosnian Serbs, who now have accepted the comprehensive peace pact. COLOMBO, Sri Lanka (AP) Tamil guerrillas trapped inside Jaffna city Friday rained mortar and machine-gun fire on government forces who cut off the rebels' escape and supply routes, military officials said. ''Troops faced resistance as they searched and cleared houses of mines and booby traps,'' said Major Tilak Dunuwille, a military spokesman. The military spokesman said casualty figures were not available from Thursday's fighting, but other sources said at least 14 soldiers were killed and 34 wounded. Document 416 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 05:29 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 550 words BYLINE: JU-YEON KIM *REPLACE* DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Seeking to distance himself from discredited predecessors, President Kim Young-sam on Friday ordered his party to enact a special law aimed at punishing two former presidents for their role in a 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. The sudden policy shift by Kim, who had previously said his predecessors should be judged only by history, reflected his alarm at a spiraling illegal funds scandal that threatens his ruling party's control of the National Assembly. The special law, expected to pass the assembly in December, would enable prosecution of former presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo in what is known as the ''Kwangju Massacre'' the bloody attack by crack troops and tanks against thousands of demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju on May 18, 1980. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered the attack, in which more than 200 people were killed. Opposition lawmakers and activists have staged violent protests in recent months demanding that the two be punished, but government prosecutors recently concluded that they lacked the power to accuse Chun and Roh in court. Kang Sam-jae, secretary-general of the ruling Democratic Liberal Party, said under the new law legal action will be brought against those responsible for the Kwangju clash, and he specifically named the two former presidents. ''The establishment of the special law will be an opportunity to show that truth and law are alive on this land,'' Kim was quoted as saying by Kang. Kim and the Democratic Liberals are under fire because of suspicions about their involvement in a huge illegal funds scandal that has already sent Roh to jail. Roh is charged with accepting bribes from businessmen in return for awarding lucrative projects during his 1988-93 term. He has maintained the dlrs 650 million he amassed came from donations. Kim denies that his presidential campaign in 1992 was supported by money from Roh's slush fund. But the ruling party, facing parliamentary elections next April, fears that it will be viewed by voters as a den of corruption. By clearing the way for formal charges over the ''Kwangju Massacre,'' Kim sought to further distinguish himself from the military-backed rulers who governed South Korea from 1961 until 1993. The president has already spearheaded a campaign to root out corruption and graft since assuming office in February 1993, and earlier this week the Democratic Liberal Party announced it would change its name. Opposition parties welcomed Kim's decision to order the new law, calling on the government to put to rest historical wrongs. There was no immediate comment from Chun or Roh. Chun, president from 1980 to 1988, was also found to have been involved in massive corruption a year after he stepped down and had to apologize, donate millions of dollars to the government and live in self-imposed exile in a remote Buddhist temple for a year. Roh is the first former president to be arrested. The scandal over his slush fund, the biggest to rock South Korea, has been front-page news for over a month. The DLP was created in a three-party merger in 1990 that saw Kim, an opposition party leader at the time, join forces with Roh. Kim later became the DLP's presidential nominee. Document 417 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 06:24 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 1060 words BODY: WORLD AT 1100 GMT MAIN SPOT NEWS: NEW: SOUTH KOREA-KWANGJU MASSACRE, ex-presidents face punishment for 1980 crackdown. GERMANY-PERRY-YUGOSLAVIA, Defense secretary visits Bosnia-bound soldiers. RUSSIA-REBEL RADIATION, radioactive material found in Moscow park. ASIA-SMOKING, tobacco companies target Asia market. PALE, Bosnia-Herzegovina Bosnian Serb leaders who have finally been persuaded to accept a peace deal meet with Serbs in Sarajevo who vow never to give up the parts of the city they hold. YUGOSLAVIA. Expected by 1300 GMT. By Jovana Gec. BAD KREUZNACH, Germany U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry visits the main U.S. Army unit to be sent to help keep the peace in Bosnia, the 1st Armored Division. GERMANY-PERRY-YUGOSLAVIA. Developing from Perry news conference scheduled for 1500 GMT, story expected by 1700 GMT. By Laurinda Keys. ALSO MOVED: US-YUGOSLAVIA, Report says Balkan leaders pledge to Clinton that they will ensure safety of peacekeeping forces in Bosnia. SINGAPORE British trader Nick Leeson is charged Friday with fraud and forgery, the first person to be brought to court in the dlrs 1.38 billion collapse of Britain's oldest merchant bank, Barings. SINGAPORE-LEESON. Lead expected by 1300 GMT. By Vijay Joshi. AP Photos SIN101-104. ALSO MOVED: SINGAPORE-LEESON-OTHERS, Further prosecutions could follow as case against Nick Leeson unfolds. COLOMBO, Sri Lanka Tamil guerrillas trapped inside Jaffna city Friday rain mortar and machine gun fire on government forces who cut off the rebels' escape and supply routes, military officials said. SRI LANKA-CIVIL WAR. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Niresh Eliatamby. PARIS France is virtually paralyzed Friday as millions of workers strike to protest a proposed social security overhaul and the privatization of key public utilities. FRANCE-STRIKE. Developing. Street marches expected to start around 1200 GMT. By Eduardo Cue. AP Photos PAR101-103. DUBLIN, Ireland Ireland votes on whether to allow divorce, a decision that has divided this Roman Catholic nation. Polls show it is too close to call whether Ireland will remain the only Western country to ban divorce. IRELAND-DIVORCE. Developing. Polls close at 2200 GMT, ballot count expected to begin at 0900 GMT Saturday, results expected around 1500 GMT Saturday. By Shawn Pogatchnik. AP Photo LON105. SEOUL, South Korea Prosecutors are quoted Friday as saying they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing former President Roh Tae-woo for lucrative government projects. SOUTH KOREA-POLITICS. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Sang-Hun Choe. WITH: SOUTH KOREA-KWANGJU MASSACRE, Ruling party to enact law that could punish former presidents for brutal 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Ju-Yeon Kim. MEXICO CITY A dramatic political scandal takes an explosive turn when prosecutors announce the sister-in-law of former President Carlos Salinas has been arrested while trying to withdraw millions of dollars from a Swiss bank. MEXICO-SALINAS. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By John Rice. PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti This week's kickoff to Haiti's presidential campaign was drowned out by a popular demand that President Jean-Bertrand Aristide cancel the Dec. 17 vote and stay in power. ANALYSIS-HAITI-ARISTIDE. Has moved. By Michael Norton. AP Photo NY110. MOSCOW An emergency system to monitor radiation is activated Friday in Moscow following the discovery of radioactive material in a city park that was allegedly planted by Chechen rebels, an official said. RUSSIA-REBEL RADIATION. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Deborah Seward. CHIANG MAI, Thailand Through satellite TV, sports and cultural promotions, multinational tobacco companies whose business is declining in the West are targetting the women and youth of Asia, experts said Friday. ASIA-SMOKING. Expected by 1300 GMT. By Peter Eng. BUENOS AIRES, Argentina Escaping the furor over her public confession of adultery, Princess Diana visits Argentina, seeking to boost her profile as a roving ambassador. ARGENTINA-DIANA. Has moved. By Daniel Zadunaisky. AP Photos LON108-109, BAI101-103. LOOKING AHEAD: On Saturday, foreign ministers from the European Union, the Mideast and North Africa meet in Barcelona, Spain. FEATURES: NEW: JERICHO, West Bank When the PLO took charge last year, Israeli biochemist Rose Bilbol cheerfully hung a Palestinian flag next to the Israeli one in her lab and got on with her research on papayas. But now Mrs. Bilbol, 83, feels she is being pushed out because she is Jewish. FEATURE-PALESTINIAN-DR PAPAYA. Expected by 1300 GMT. By Karin Laub. AP Photo JRL104. TAMPA, Florida Charles Brown stopped hawking T-shirts to teach chess to inner-city youngsters more familiar with bullets than bishops. Now his kids are taking top awards in national competitions and along the way checkmating a world of obstacles. FEATURE-US-TOUGH STREETS-CHESS. Expected by 1200 GMT. AP Photos TP101-102. OTHER FEATURES MOVED: JAPAN-REASSESSING MISHIMA, Japanese assess the influence of writer Yukio Mishima 25 years after his spectacular ritual suicide. AP Photo TOK3. FEATURE-US-SAVING SCULPTURE, Volunteers help save outdoor sculptures. FEATURE-BRITAIN-MAYFLOWER III, Plans are launched to build a replica of the Mayflower and recreate the Pilgrims' voyage to America in 1620. AP Photo LON119. FEATURE-THAILAND-WHOLE LOT OF ROYALS, Thailand boasts probably the largest and most complex royal family in the world, everyone from prime ministers to plumbers. AP Photo NY451. FEATURE-VATICAN CITY-ELITE SEMINARY, An elite seminary in Rome trains the future leaders of the Roman Catholic Church in North America. AP Photos NY452, NY453. FEATURE-US-SANTERIA SURVIVES, The centuries-old Afro-Caribbean religion of Santeria is coming out of the shadows. AP Photos NY454, NY455. YOUR QUERIES: The Associated Press World Service editors in charge are Charles Gans and Ken Guggenheim. Suggestions and story requests are welcome. Contact your local AP bureau or the AP International Desk in New York, telephone (1) 212-621-1650, fax (1) 212-621-5449. Document 418 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 03:15 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 520 words BYLINE: JU-YEON KIM DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: President Kim Young-sam, adding a new twist to an unfurling slush fund scandal, ordered his party Friday to enact a special law to punish two predecessors for a brutal 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. Kim was seen as distancing himself from the unpopular military-backed presidents in an attempt to break a political impasse over the scandal that has gripped his Democratic Liberal Party with important parliamentary elections looming in April. Opposition lawmakers and activists have often staged violent protests in recent months demanding that former Presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo be punished for what is known as the Kwangju massacre. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered crack troops and tanks deployed when tens of thousands of people rose up against the junta in the southern city of Kwangju on May 18, 1980. At least 200 people were killed in the bloodiest tragedy in modern Korean history. ''The establishment of the special law will be an opportunity to show that truth and law are alive on this land,'' Kim was quoted as saying by DLP Secretary-General Kang Sam-jae. The incident brought ''sadness to the people and hurt their pride,'' Kim said. Kang said legal action was expected to be brought against those responsible, specifically mentioning Chun and Roh. Kim had previously rejected the idea of legal punishment for the former generals, saying they would be judged by history. Chun took power in an internal military coup in 1979. Earlier this year, government prosecutors said after an exhaustive investigation that they found evidence of criminal activity but lacked the jurisdiction to charge and try the former presidents. The constitutional court was expected to rule next month on the prosecution decision not to indict Chun and Roh amid news reports that it will be overruled. Chun was president in 1980-88. One year after he stepped down, he also was found to have been involved in massive corruption and had to apologize, donate millions of dollars to the government and live in self-imposed exile in a remote Buddhist temple for a year. Roh is in jail, charged with accepting bribes from businessmen in return for awarding lucrative projects during his 1988-93 term. He has maintained the dlrs 650 million he amassed came from donations. Roh is the first former president to be arrested. The scandal, the biggest to rock South Korea, has been front-page news for over a month. It is also threatening to implicate Kim and his party, which was created by Roh and has been portrayed as a den of corruption. Earlier this week, the ruling Democratic Liberal Party announced it would change its name to make a clean break with the past. The DLP was created in a three-party merger in 1990 that saw Kim, an opposition party leader at the time, join forces with Roh. Kim later became the DLP's presidential nominee. Since assuming presidency in 1993, Kim has been trying to distance himself from the military-backed rule of the past, spearheading a campaign to root out corruption and graft. Document 419 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 04:14 Eastern Time SECTION: National political LENGTH: 741 words BODY: Bundesrat billigt neue Eigenheimf rderung Utl: Zulagen statt Steuerverg nstigungen Bonn (AP) Wer in Deutschland bauen oder Wohneigentum kaufen will, bekommt ab dem 1. Januar keine Steuerverg nstigungen mehr, sondern Zulagen. Diese Neuregelung billigte der Bundesrat am Freitag in Bonn. W w1102 wstm- r p Bundeswehr/Bundesrat 11-24 0120 dsa brn Bundesrat stimmt Verk rzung des Wehrdienstes zu Bonn (AP) Der Bundesrat hat der Verk rzung des Wehrdienstes von zw lf auf zehn Monate zugestimmt. Die L w1103 wstm- r i BC-SouthKorea-Politics 1stLd-Writethru 11-24 0646 BC-South Korea-Politics, 1st Ld-Writethru Reports: 24 Top Businessmen Face Bribery Charges With BC-South Korea-Kwangju Massacre Eds: UPDATES with president moving to defuse the scandal in grafs 7-10; EDITS to trim By SANG-HUN CHOE Associated Press Writer SEOUL, South Korea (AP) Prosecutors were quoted Friday as saying they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing former President Roh Tae-woo for lucrative government projects. All major news media, quoting unidentified prosecution sources, reported the businessmen will be indicted as early as next week. Prosecution officials refused to comment on the report, but said they will announce the result of their investigation in early December. Since the scandal broke last month, 36 business heads have been grilled by prosecutors probing how Roh collected the dlrs 650 million secret fund he has admitted he raised as president in 1988-93. Chung Ju-yung, founder of the giant Hyundai conglomerate, and Kim Woo-choong, head of the Daewoo Business Group, topped the list of tainted business leaders by giving Roh dlrs 19.5 million each in bribes, prosecutors were quoted as saying. Koo Ja-kyong of LG (formerly Lucky Goldstar) and Samsung's Lee Kun-hee allegedly were implicated for lesser amounts. President Kim Young-sam, anxious to defuse the snowballing scandal before parliamentary elections in April, said Friday that his ruling party will enact a special law to punish his two predecessors for a bloody military crackdown 15 years ago. Roh and his predecessor, Chun Doo-hwan, sent in paratroopers and tanks in May 1980 against tens of thousands of citizens in the southern city of Kwangju who rose up against a military junta established by the two after a coup. Kim's decision to reverse his government's policy of not seeking punishment for Chun and Roh was seen as an effort to distance himself from the two ex-presidents and shore up his popularity. Kim heads the ruling Democratic Liberal Party, formerly led by Roh. Roh, a former army general, was jailed last week on bribery charges, becoming the first South Korean president to face legal action for misdeeds in office. If convicted, he could face 10 years to life in prison. Businessmen found guilty of offering bribes to government officials could face up to five years in prison. News reports said most of the 24 businessmen would walk away with light punishment, except for two or three involved in the worst cases. Soon after the scandal emerged, the nation's top 50 businessmen confessed to under-the-table payments to past governments and promised to end the practice. They also claimed that mass punishment of top businessmen could hurt the overall economy. Most of South Korea's giant conglomerates are family-controlled. Chairmen personally make key investment decisions. For decades, past military-backed governments have kept tight control on businesses by doling out credit, contracts, licenses and tax breaks to favored companies. In return, the companies reportedly supplied illicit political funds that the presidents needed to run their massive election campaign apparatus. The government-business ties have fueled one of the world's fastest-growing economies, but also fed widespread corruption. President Kim has vowed to end the alleged money-for-favors relationship between business and politics. But he also is treading on dangerous ground as allegations persist that Roh's slush fund helped finance Kim's successful 1992 presidential campaign. Prosecutors were grilling former legislator Lee Won-jo for a second straight day Friday. A high school classmate of Roh, Lee was said to have been the key financier for the ex-president and to hold information vital to uncovering the full scope of the scandal. Document 420 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 07:05 Eastern Time SECTION: Advisory LENGTH: 754 words BYLINE: TONI BRETT BODY: FRANCE STRIKE PARIS (AP) Millions of workers went on strike today, shutting down banks, schools, government offices and public transportation in a protest against plans to overhaul France's health care system. Labor leaders called for marches and rallies in Paris and across France. Unions issued strike calls at major industrial companies, but it was not immediately clear how effective they were. Unions representing about 5 million public employees are upset over plans to increase taxes and extend the number of years their members must pay into social security funds before they can retire. MISSING HEIRESS VICKSBURG, Miss. (AP) An open door, a television on, two purses missing, and a mattress and bathroom stained with blood. Those were among the circumstances in the home of missing furniture heiress Jacqueline Levitz that led police to believe she was killed. ''Judging from the large amount of blood, I would think she may have been murdered,'' Warren County Sheriff Paul Barrett said Wednesday. Levitz is the widow of Ralph Levitz, founder of the Levitz Furniture chain. He died of a stroke in March. As of early this year, the company had 135 stores in 26 states, with annual sales of $1 billion. HOLIDAY-SAFE PETS ALBANY, N.Y. (AP) For pets, the holiday season can be filled with danger, veterinarians say. Chocolate can be lethal to dogs. It contains theobromine, a caffeinelike compound that simulates the heart and nervous system. Chocolate also is toxic for cats, although are less likely to eat it. Larry Thompson, a clinical toxicologist at Cornell University's College of Veterinary Medicine, said he has seen animals with stomach or mouth irritations from eating small amounts of poinsettias. Mistletoe is far more toxic, and tinsel may be the most lethal Christmas tradition. Cats love the stuff, said Robin Tobin, a veterinarian at the Rotterdam Veterinary Hospital outside Albany. But ingested tinsel can get tangled in their intestines and most cats will die without surgery, she said. IRELAND-DIVORCE DUBLIN, Ireland (AP) Irish voters, who have firmly rebuffed divorce before, were asked again today to reconsider lifting their country's ban on the practice. Ireland is the only Western nation that prohibits divorce, and opinion polls this week showed the nation is split almost down the middle on whether to end that prohibition. Among the first to vote when polling stations opened was President Mary Robinson. She isn't allowed to take a public stand on the issue, but is know to favor loosening the links between church and state. Some 2.6 million people are eligible to vote. The result is to be announced on Saturday. SOUTH KOREA-POLITICS SEOUL, South Korea (AP) President Kim Young-sam said today he will let two of his predecessors be prosecuted for a 1980 attack that killed 200 pro-democracy demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju. Kim appeared to be trying to distance himself from the country's former soldier-leaders and a slush fund scandal involving one of them, Roh Tae-Woo. Also today, news reports quoted prosecutors who said they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing Roh in exchange for lucrative government contracts. Public anger at the Kwangju massacre is still so strong that a demonstration on its anniversary last May drew 7,000 people who demanded punishment for Roh and former President Chun Doo-hwan. JAPAN MARKETS TOKYO (AP) The dollar was traded at 101.08 yen at 5 p.m. today, down 0.60 yen from its level of 101.68 yen at 5 p.m. Wednesday. The Nikkei Stock Average closed at 18,215.23 points, down 24.61 points, or 0.13 percent, on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Japanese financial markets were closed Thursday for a national holiday. CHIEFS-COWBOYS IRVING, Texas (AP) The Dallas Cowboys now share the best record in the NFL. Whether they still have the NFL's best running back remains to be seen. After beating the Kansas City Chiefs 24-12 in a Thanksgiving Day showdown, the Cowboys now might face a more demanding test the possibility of playing without Smith, who was wheeled off the field with a knee injury late in the third quarter. He is to have an MRI exam today, and the entire Cowboys' organization is not about to rest easy until the preliminary diagnosis of a sprain is confirmed. Anything worse could doom a shot at another Super Bowl. ''I just pray to the good Lord my man is OK,'' said running backs coach Joe Brodsky. Document 421 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 07:24 Eastern Time SECTION: National political LENGTH: 475 words BODY: PARIS (AP) Millions of government workers struck and thousands took to the streets Friday to protest plans to overhaul the debt-ridden social security system and the partial privatization of key public utilities. The second major 24-hour walkout in two months turned up pressure on the six-month-old conservative government of Prime Minister Alain Juppe, who is struggling to control a 320 billion franc (dlrs 64 billion) deficit. A third strike is planned next Tuesday. The job action took place amid increasing tension in France's 90 public universities. SEOUL, South Korea (AP) Seeking to distance himself from discredited predecessors, President Kim Young-sam on Friday ordered his party to enact a special law aimed at punishing two former presidents for their role in a 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. The special law would enable prosecution of former presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo in what is known as the ''Kwangju Massacre'' the bloody attack by crack troops and tanks against thousands of demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju on May 18, 1980. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered the attack, in which more than 200 people were killed. MOSCOW (AP) An emergency system to monitor radiation was activated Friday in Moscow following the discovery of radioactive material in a city park that was allegedly planted by Chechen rebels, an official said. Russia's independent NTV television, which found the container, said that Chechen rebels planted the object and that rebel commander Shamil Basayev had revealed the location earlier this month. The material was identified as cesium, which poses little health threat. WASHINGTON (AP) President Clinton has letters from Serbian, Bosnian and Croatian leaders promising to ''ensure the safety and security'' of U.S. and other peacekeeping troops in Bosnia, according to a published report. The documents are important for the administration's campaign to convince Congress to approve deployment of about 20,000 American troops, an unnamed senior U.S. official told The Washington Post in Friday's editions. U.S. officials are hoping Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic can obtain a similar letter from the Bosnian Serbs, who now have accepted the comprehensive peace pact. COLOMBO, Sri Lanka (AP) Tamil guerrillas trapped inside Jaffna city Friday rained mortar and machine-gun fire on government forces who cut off the rebels' escape and supply routes, military officials said. ''Troops faced resistance as they searched and cleared houses of mines and booby traps,'' said Major Tilak Dunuwille, a military spokesman. The military spokesman said casualty figures were not available from Thursday's fighting, but other sources said at least 14 soldiers were killed and 34 wounded. Document 422 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 05:29 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 550 words BYLINE: JU-YEON KIM *REPLACE* DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Seeking to distance himself from discredited predecessors, President Kim Young-sam on Friday ordered his party to enact a special law aimed at punishing two former presidents for their role in a 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. The sudden policy shift by Kim, who had previously said his predecessors should be judged only by history, reflected his alarm at a spiraling illegal funds scandal that threatens his ruling party's control of the National Assembly. The special law, expected to pass the assembly in December, would enable prosecution of former presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo in what is known as the ''Kwangju Massacre'' the bloody attack by crack troops and tanks against thousands of demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju on May 18, 1980. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered the attack, in which more than 200 people were killed. Opposition lawmakers and activists have staged violent protests in recent months demanding that the two be punished, but government prosecutors recently concluded that they lacked the power to accuse Chun and Roh in court. Kang Sam-jae, secretary-general of the ruling Democratic Liberal Party, said under the new law legal action will be brought against those responsible for the Kwangju clash, and he specifically named the two former presidents. ''The establishment of the special law will be an opportunity to show that truth and law are alive on this land,'' Kim was quoted as saying by Kang. Kim and the Democratic Liberals are under fire because of suspicions about their involvement in a huge illegal funds scandal that has already sent Roh to jail. Roh is charged with accepting bribes from businessmen in return for awarding lucrative projects during his 1988-93 term. He has maintained the dlrs 650 million he amassed came from donations. Kim denies that his presidential campaign in 1992 was supported by money from Roh's slush fund. But the ruling party, facing parliamentary elections next April, fears that it will be viewed by voters as a den of corruption. By clearing the way for formal charges over the ''Kwangju Massacre,'' Kim sought to further distinguish himself from the military-backed rulers who governed South Korea from 1961 until 1993. The president has already spearheaded a campaign to root out corruption and graft since assuming office in February 1993, and earlier this week the Democratic Liberal Party announced it would change its name. Opposition parties welcomed Kim's decision to order the new law, calling on the government to put to rest historical wrongs. There was no immediate comment from Chun or Roh. Chun, president from 1980 to 1988, was also found to have been involved in massive corruption a year after he stepped down and had to apologize, donate millions of dollars to the government and live in self-imposed exile in a remote Buddhist temple for a year. Roh is the first former president to be arrested. The scandal over his slush fund, the biggest to rock South Korea, has been front-page news for over a month. The DLP was created in a three-party merger in 1990 that saw Kim, an opposition party leader at the time, join forces with Roh. Kim later became the DLP's presidential nominee. Document 423 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 06:24 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 1060 words BODY: WORLD AT 1100 GMT MAIN SPOT NEWS: NEW: SOUTH KOREA-KWANGJU MASSACRE, ex-presidents face punishment for 1980 crackdown. GERMANY-PERRY-YUGOSLAVIA, Defense secretary visits Bosnia-bound soldiers. RUSSIA-REBEL RADIATION, radioactive material found in Moscow park. ASIA-SMOKING, tobacco companies target Asia market. PALE, Bosnia-Herzegovina Bosnian Serb leaders who have finally been persuaded to accept a peace deal meet with Serbs in Sarajevo who vow never to give up the parts of the city they hold. YUGOSLAVIA. Expected by 1300 GMT. By Jovana Gec. BAD KREUZNACH, Germany U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry visits the main U.S. Army unit to be sent to help keep the peace in Bosnia, the 1st Armored Division. GERMANY-PERRY-YUGOSLAVIA. Developing from Perry news conference scheduled for 1500 GMT, story expected by 1700 GMT. By Laurinda Keys. ALSO MOVED: US-YUGOSLAVIA, Report says Balkan leaders pledge to Clinton that they will ensure safety of peacekeeping forces in Bosnia. SINGAPORE British trader Nick Leeson is charged Friday with fraud and forgery, the first person to be brought to court in the dlrs 1.38 billion collapse of Britain's oldest merchant bank, Barings. SINGAPORE-LEESON. Lead expected by 1300 GMT. By Vijay Joshi. AP Photos SIN101-104. ALSO MOVED: SINGAPORE-LEESON-OTHERS, Further prosecutions could follow as case against Nick Leeson unfolds. COLOMBO, Sri Lanka Tamil guerrillas trapped inside Jaffna city Friday rain mortar and machine gun fire on government forces who cut off the rebels' escape and supply routes, military officials said. SRI LANKA-CIVIL WAR. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Niresh Eliatamby. PARIS France is virtually paralyzed Friday as millions of workers strike to protest a proposed social security overhaul and the privatization of key public utilities. FRANCE-STRIKE. Developing. Street marches expected to start around 1200 GMT. By Eduardo Cue. AP Photos PAR101-103. DUBLIN, Ireland Ireland votes on whether to allow divorce, a decision that has divided this Roman Catholic nation. Polls show it is too close to call whether Ireland will remain the only Western country to ban divorce. IRELAND-DIVORCE. Developing. Polls close at 2200 GMT, ballot count expected to begin at 0900 GMT Saturday, results expected around 1500 GMT Saturday. By Shawn Pogatchnik. AP Photo LON105. SEOUL, South Korea Prosecutors are quoted Friday as saying they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing former President Roh Tae-woo for lucrative government projects. SOUTH KOREA-POLITICS. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Sang-Hun Choe. WITH: SOUTH KOREA-KWANGJU MASSACRE, Ruling party to enact law that could punish former presidents for brutal 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Ju-Yeon Kim. MEXICO CITY A dramatic political scandal takes an explosive turn when prosecutors announce the sister-in-law of former President Carlos Salinas has been arrested while trying to withdraw millions of dollars from a Swiss bank. MEXICO-SALINAS. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By John Rice. PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti This week's kickoff to Haiti's presidential campaign was drowned out by a popular demand that President Jean-Bertrand Aristide cancel the Dec. 17 vote and stay in power. ANALYSIS-HAITI-ARISTIDE. Has moved. By Michael Norton. AP Photo NY110. MOSCOW An emergency system to monitor radiation is activated Friday in Moscow following the discovery of radioactive material in a city park that was allegedly planted by Chechen rebels, an official said. RUSSIA-REBEL RADIATION. Has moved; developments will be expedited. By Deborah Seward. CHIANG MAI, Thailand Through satellite TV, sports and cultural promotions, multinational tobacco companies whose business is declining in the West are targetting the women and youth of Asia, experts said Friday. ASIA-SMOKING. Expected by 1300 GMT. By Peter Eng. BUENOS AIRES, Argentina Escaping the furor over her public confession of adultery, Princess Diana visits Argentina, seeking to boost her profile as a roving ambassador. ARGENTINA-DIANA. Has moved. By Daniel Zadunaisky. AP Photos LON108-109, BAI101-103. LOOKING AHEAD: On Saturday, foreign ministers from the European Union, the Mideast and North Africa meet in Barcelona, Spain. FEATURES: NEW: JERICHO, West Bank When the PLO took charge last year, Israeli biochemist Rose Bilbol cheerfully hung a Palestinian flag next to the Israeli one in her lab and got on with her research on papayas. But now Mrs. Bilbol, 83, feels she is being pushed out because she is Jewish. FEATURE-PALESTINIAN-DR PAPAYA. Expected by 1300 GMT. By Karin Laub. AP Photo JRL104. TAMPA, Florida Charles Brown stopped hawking T-shirts to teach chess to inner-city youngsters more familiar with bullets than bishops. Now his kids are taking top awards in national competitions and along the way checkmating a world of obstacles. FEATURE-US-TOUGH STREETS-CHESS. Expected by 1200 GMT. AP Photos TP101-102. OTHER FEATURES MOVED: JAPAN-REASSESSING MISHIMA, Japanese assess the influence of writer Yukio Mishima 25 years after his spectacular ritual suicide. AP Photo TOK3. FEATURE-US-SAVING SCULPTURE, Volunteers help save outdoor sculptures. FEATURE-BRITAIN-MAYFLOWER III, Plans are launched to build a replica of the Mayflower and recreate the Pilgrims' voyage to America in 1620. AP Photo LON119. FEATURE-THAILAND-WHOLE LOT OF ROYALS, Thailand boasts probably the largest and most complex royal family in the world, everyone from prime ministers to plumbers. AP Photo NY451. FEATURE-VATICAN CITY-ELITE SEMINARY, An elite seminary in Rome trains the future leaders of the Roman Catholic Church in North America. AP Photos NY452, NY453. FEATURE-US-SANTERIA SURVIVES, The centuries-old Afro-Caribbean religion of Santeria is coming out of the shadows. AP Photos NY454, NY455. YOUR QUERIES: The Associated Press World Service editors in charge are Charles Gans and Ken Guggenheim. Suggestions and story requests are welcome. Contact your local AP bureau or the AP International Desk in New York, telephone (1) 212-621-1650, fax (1) 212-621-5449. Document 424 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 03:15 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 520 words BYLINE: JU-YEON KIM DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: President Kim Young-sam, adding a new twist to an unfurling slush fund scandal, ordered his party Friday to enact a special law to punish two predecessors for a brutal 1980 crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising. Kim was seen as distancing himself from the unpopular military-backed presidents in an attempt to break a political impasse over the scandal that has gripped his Democratic Liberal Party with important parliamentary elections looming in April. Opposition lawmakers and activists have often staged violent protests in recent months demanding that former Presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo be punished for what is known as the Kwangju massacre. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered crack troops and tanks deployed when tens of thousands of people rose up against the junta in the southern city of Kwangju on May 18, 1980. At least 200 people were killed in the bloodiest tragedy in modern Korean history. ''The establishment of the special law will be an opportunity to show that truth and law are alive on this land,'' Kim was quoted as saying by DLP Secretary-General Kang Sam-jae. The incident brought ''sadness to the people and hurt their pride,'' Kim said. Kang said legal action was expected to be brought against those responsible, specifically mentioning Chun and Roh. Kim had previously rejected the idea of legal punishment for the former generals, saying they would be judged by history. Chun took power in an internal military coup in 1979. Earlier this year, government prosecutors said after an exhaustive investigation that they found evidence of criminal activity but lacked the jurisdiction to charge and try the former presidents. The constitutional court was expected to rule next month on the prosecution decision not to indict Chun and Roh amid news reports that it will be overruled. Chun was president in 1980-88. One year after he stepped down, he also was found to have been involved in massive corruption and had to apologize, donate millions of dollars to the government and live in self-imposed exile in a remote Buddhist temple for a year. Roh is in jail, charged with accepting bribes from businessmen in return for awarding lucrative projects during his 1988-93 term. He has maintained the dlrs 650 million he amassed came from donations. Roh is the first former president to be arrested. The scandal, the biggest to rock South Korea, has been front-page news for over a month. It is also threatening to implicate Kim and his party, which was created by Roh and has been portrayed as a den of corruption. Earlier this week, the ruling Democratic Liberal Party announced it would change its name to make a clean break with the past. The DLP was created in a three-party merger in 1990 that saw Kim, an opposition party leader at the time, join forces with Roh. Kim later became the DLP's presidential nominee. Since assuming presidency in 1993, Kim has been trying to distance himself from the military-backed rule of the past, spearheading a campaign to root out corruption and graft. Document 425 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 24, 1995; Friday 04:14 Eastern Time SECTION: National political LENGTH: 741 words BODY: Bundesrat billigt neue Eigenheimf rderung Utl: Zulagen statt Steuerverg nstigungen Bonn (AP) Wer in Deutschland bauen oder Wohneigentum kaufen will, bekommt ab dem 1. Januar keine Steuerverg nstigungen mehr, sondern Zulagen. Diese Neuregelung billigte der Bundesrat am Freitag in Bonn. W w1102 wstm- r p Bundeswehr/Bundesrat 11-24 0120 dsa brn Bundesrat stimmt Verk rzung des Wehrdienstes zu Bonn (AP) Der Bundesrat hat der Verk rzung des Wehrdienstes von zw lf auf zehn Monate zugestimmt. Die L w1103 wstm- r i BC-SouthKorea-Politics 1stLd-Writethru 11-24 0646 BC-South Korea-Politics, 1st Ld-Writethru Reports: 24 Top Businessmen Face Bribery Charges With BC-South Korea-Kwangju Massacre Eds: UPDATES with president moving to defuse the scandal in grafs 7-10; EDITS to trim By SANG-HUN CHOE Associated Press Writer SEOUL, South Korea (AP) Prosecutors were quoted Friday as saying they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing former President Roh Tae-woo for lucrative government projects. All major news media, quoting unidentified prosecution sources, reported the businessmen will be indicted as early as next week. Prosecution officials refused to comment on the report, but said they will announce the result of their investigation in early December. Since the scandal broke last month, 36 business heads have been grilled by prosecutors probing how Roh collected the dlrs 650 million secret fund he has admitted he raised as president in 1988-93. Chung Ju-yung, founder of the giant Hyundai conglomerate, and Kim Woo-choong, head of the Daewoo Business Group, topped the list of tainted business leaders by giving Roh dlrs 19.5 million each in bribes, prosecutors were quoted as saying. Koo Ja-kyong of LG (formerly Lucky Goldstar) and Samsung's Lee Kun-hee allegedly were implicated for lesser amounts. President Kim Young-sam, anxious to defuse the snowballing scandal before parliamentary elections in April, said Friday that his ruling party will enact a special law to punish his two predecessors for a bloody military crackdown 15 years ago. Roh and his predecessor, Chun Doo-hwan, sent in paratroopers and tanks in May 1980 against tens of thousands of citizens in the southern city of Kwangju who rose up against a military junta established by the two after a coup. Kim's decision to reverse his government's policy of not seeking punishment for Chun and Roh was seen as an effort to distance himself from the two ex-presidents and shore up his popularity. Kim heads the ruling Democratic Liberal Party, formerly led by Roh. Roh, a former army general, was jailed last week on bribery charges, becoming the first South Korean president to face legal action for misdeeds in office. If convicted, he could face 10 years to life in prison. Businessmen found guilty of offering bribes to government officials could face up to five years in prison. News reports said most of the 24 businessmen would walk away with light punishment, except for two or three involved in the worst cases. Soon after the scandal emerged, the nation's top 50 businessmen confessed to under-the-table payments to past governments and promised to end the practice. They also claimed that mass punishment of top businessmen could hurt the overall economy. Most of South Korea's giant conglomerates are family-controlled. Chairmen personally make key investment decisions. For decades, past military-backed governments have kept tight control on businesses by doling out credit, contracts, licenses and tax breaks to favored companies. In return, the companies reportedly supplied illicit political funds that the presidents needed to run their massive election campaign apparatus. The government-business ties have fueled one of the world's fastest-growing economies, but also fed widespread corruption. President Kim has vowed to end the alleged money-for-favors relationship between business and politics. But he also is treading on dangerous ground as allegations persist that Roh's slush fund helped finance Kim's successful 1992 presidential campaign. Prosecutors were grilling former legislator Lee Won-jo for a second straight day Friday. A high school classmate of Roh, Lee was said to have been the key financier for the ex-president and to hold information vital to uncovering the full scope of the scandal. Document 426 The Associated Press November 24, 1995, Friday, PM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 662 words HEADLINE: President Promises Punishment for 1980 Army Massacre BYLINE: By SANG-HUN CHOE, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Under pressure from a growing slush fund scandal, President Kim Young-sam ordered his governing party today to stop blocking the prosecution of two of his predecessors for a deadly crackdown on pro-democracy demonstrators. At least 200 people were killed and 2,800 were wounded when elite troops and tanks attacked thousands of demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju on May 18, 1980. Public anger at the Kwangju massacre is so strong that protests continue even now. A demonstration in May on the 15th anniversary drew 7,000 people who demanded punishment for the two former rulers, Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered the assault. Violent protests about their role continue even now. Kim had previously said his predecessors should be judged only by history. He apparently changed his mind in alarm over a spiraling illegal funds scandal that threatens his Democratic Liberal Party's control of the National Assembly and has already put Roh in jail. Roh is charged with accepting bribes from businessmen in return for awarding lucrative projects during his 1988-93 term. He says he amassed the $ 650 million from donations. Today, news reports quoted prosecutors who said they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing Roh in exchange for lucrative government contracts. The scandal has touched Kim because his Democratic Liberal Party was created in 1990 by a three-party merger that had him join forces with Roh. Kim denies allegations that his 1992 presidential campaign was supported by money from Roh's slush fund. But the governing party, facing parliamentary elections in April, fears voters will view it as thoroughly corrupt. In a move that could bolster his credibility, Kim ordered his party today to enact a special law that would enable the two former rulers to be prosecuted in the Kwangju massacre. Kang Sam-jae, secretary-general of the ruling Democratic Liberal Party, said under the new law, legal action will be brought against those responsible for the crackdown, and he specifically named the two former presidents. "The establishment of the special law will be an opportunity to show that truth and law are alive on this land," Kang quoted Kim as saying. There was no immediate comment from Chun or Roh. Chun, president from 1980 to 1988, was found to have been involved in widespread corruption a year after he stepped down. He apologized, donated millions of dollars to the government and lived in self-imposed exile in a remote Buddhist temple for a year. Roh was jailed last week on bribery charges, becoming the first South Korean president to face legal action for misdeeds in office. If convicted, he could face 10 years to life in prison. Kim is eager to put the scandal behind him before April parliamentary elections. Since the scandal broke last month, prosecutors have questioned 36 business leaders about how Roh collected the $ 650 million. Prosecution officials refused to comment today on reports that they would charge business leaders as early as next week. The list of those expected to be charged includes nearly all of the country's major conglomerates. Chung Ju-yung, founder of the Hyundai conglomerate, and Kim Woo-choong, head of the Daewoo Business Group, topped the list by giving Roh $ 19.5 million each in bribes, prosecutors were quoted as saying. Koo Ja-kyong of LG, formerly Lucky Goldstar, and Samsung's Lee Kun-hee allegedly were reported to have contributed lesser amounts. Roh maintains he collected the money by following the entrenched practice of accepting donations from businesses. Businessmen also backed Roh's claim that the money was not bribes. Businessmen found guilty of offering bribes to government officials face up to five years in prison. But news reports said most of the 24 businessmen would walk away with light punishment, except for two or three involved in the worst cases. Document 427 The Associated Press November 24, 1995, Friday, AM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 511 words HEADLINE: President Pledges Punishment for 1980 Army Massacre BYLINE: By SANG-HUN CHOE, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Responding to public rage and political pressure, President Kim Young-sam ordered his governing party Friday to permit the prosecution of two of his predecessors for a deadly crackdown on pro-democracy protesters. Kim had previously said his predecessors should be judged only by history. He apparently changed his mind in alarm over a spiraling illegal funds scandal that threatens his Democratic Liberal Party's control of the National Assembly and has already put one of the former rulers in jail. On May 18, 1980, elite troops and tanks attacked thousands of demonstrators in the southern city of Kwangju, killing at least 200 people and wounding 2,800. Public rage at the Kwangju massacre is so strong that protests persist even now. A demonstration in May on the 15th anniversary drew 7,000 people who demanded punishment for the two former rulers, Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo. Chun and Roh, then army generals, headed the junta that ordered the assault. Roh, who was arrested Nov. 16 on charges of accepting bribes from businessmen in return for awarding lucrative projects during his 1988-93 term. He says he amassed the $ 650 million from donations. On Friday, news reports quoted prosecutors who said they have enough evidence to charge 24 leading industrialists with bribing Roh in exchange for lucrative government contracts. The scandal has touched Kim because his Democratic Liberal Party was created in 1990 by a three-party merger that had him join forces with Roh. Kim denies allegations that his 1992 presidential campaign was supported by money from Roh's slush fund. But the governing party, facing parliamentary elections in April, fears voters will view it as corrupt. In a move that could bolster his credibility, Kim ordered his party Friday to enact a special law that would enable the two former rulers to be prosecuted in the Kwangju massacre. "The establishment of the special law will be an opportunity to show that truth and law are alive on this land," Kim was quoted as saying by Kang Sam-jae, secretary-general of the ruling Democratic Liberal Party. Chun, in a statement Saturday, said the reversal of the decision not to prosecute him "ridicules the people and infringes the rights of the prosecution." Roh did not comment. Chun was president from 1980 to 1988. A year after he stepped down, he was found to have been involved in widespread corruption. He apologized, donated millions of dollars to the government and lived in self-imposed exile in a remote Buddhist temple for a year. Roh's arrest last week made him the first South Korean president to face legal action for misdeeds in office. If convicted, he could face 10 years to life in prison. Since the scandal broke last month, prosecutors have questioned 36 business leaders about how Roh collected the $ 650 million. Prosecutors refused to comment Friday on reports that they would charge business leaders as early as next week. The list of those expected to be charged includes officials from nearly all of the country's major conglomerates. Document 428 Copyright 1995 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire NOVEMBER 24, 1995, FRIDAY LENGTH: 226 words HEADLINE: S. Korea's ruling DLP to draft special 'Kwangju' law DATELINE: SEOUL, Nov. 24 Kyodo BODY: South Korea's ruling Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) said Friday it will establish a 'special law' to punish people involved in a military crackdown on the 1980 Kwangju uprising, including two former presidents of the country. DLP Secretary General Kang Sam Jae suggested that punishment under the special law would include former President Roh Tae Woo and his predecessor Chun Doo Hwan. Kang, speaking to reporters after a luncheon with President Kim Young Sam, said the law would be legislated during the current plenary session of the National Assembly. Roh is currently being held in the Seoul Detention House for allegedly accepting billions of won in bribes from South Korean business tycoons during his 1988-93 presidency. On May 17, 1980, the South Korean government proclaimed martial law and the next day thousands of protesters poured into the streets of Kwangju in southwestern South Korea, demanding an end to martial law and the release of then dissident leader Kim Dae Jung. Chun, then chief military commander and later president, ordered troops in to disperse the demonstrators. Roh, at that time, was also a top military commander. The government's official death toll in the incident, called the 'Kwangju massacre' by the victims and their families, is about 200, but dissidents claim that it is more than 1,000. Document 429 Copyright 1995 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire NOVEMBER 24, 1995, FRIDAY LENGTH: 206 words HEADLINE: Kyodo news summary -4- DATELINE: TOKYO, Nov. 24 Kyodo BODY: -- South Korea's ruling Democratic Liberal Party said it will establish a 'special law' to punish people involved in a military crackdown on the 1980 Kwangju uprising, including two former presidents of the country. -- Japan will conduct a 2.0 trillion yen 'special' income and residential tax cut again in fiscal 1996, which starts next April 1, following a cut of the same size in the current fiscal year, Finance Minister Masayoshi Takemura said. -- The Sri Lankan army plans to immediately recruit 10,000 new soldiers, a military spokesman said. -- A letter from city mayors around the globe has been sent to protest against France's continued testing of nuclear weapons in the South Pacific and urge all five declared nuclear powers to eliminate their nuclear arsenals. -- Overnight leader Kiyoshi Maita birdied three straight holes on the back nine en route to the day's best score of 4-under-par 68 to stretch his lead midway through the Casio World Open golf tournament. -- Akiko Fukushima managed only a 74 amid strong wind but that was good enough to put her tied for the lead with Australian Jennifer Sevil and Mitsuyo Hirata after the first round of the JLPGA Meiji Nyugyo Cup ladies golf tournament. Document 430 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 20, 1995 07:28 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 520 words HEADLINE: SKorean ruling party seeks to deprive Roh of pensions, privileges DATELINE: SEOUL, Nov 20 BODY: South Korea's ruling party on Monday decided to deprive jailed former president Roh Tae-Woo of pensions and other honorary privileges if he is convicted of taking bribes. An agreement was reached at a meeting of government officials and ruling Democratic Liberal Party (DLP) members to submit an amendment to the law on honorable treatment of former presidents, DLP lawmaker Yoo Heung-Soo told reporters. "A revision bill will be submitted to parliament late this month in the form of legislation by the administration," the legislator said. The amendment seeks to suspend honorable treatment for a former president if he or she is given a sentence of no less than three years' imprisonment for such serious crimes as sedition, Yonhap news agency said. But the ruling camp agreed to provide security guards to a convicted former president for a specified period of time to protect confidential state information, Yonhap said. The suggested provision of security to a convicted ex-president came as public anger mounted against Roh, 62, arrested last week on charges of taking bribes from businesses. When Roh was sent to the Seoul Detention House Thursday, he was without the protection of security guards and a government-financed car. On Monday, prosecutors visited Roh for questioning in his prison cell, where he has faced daily protests by hostile inmates in the detention house, apparently to avoid possible attacks on him in the streets. Newspapers said two former aides to Roh, including former legislation minister Han Young-Suk would be named as the ex-president's lawyers. Meanwhile, the constitutional court said it would make a final ruling in late December on an appeal for the repeal of a decision not to indict Roh and his predecessor, Chun Doo-Hwan in relation to the 1980 Kwangju uprising. The prosecution's decision in May not to indict Roh and Chun triggered incessant protests by radical students and dissidents who have accused the two ex-presidents of ordering the military suppression of a civil uprising in 1980. The 1980 uprising in the the southern city of Kwangju that left more than 200 people dead have haunted Roh and Chun, both former generals who seized power in a 1979 coup. Chun went into internal exile for a year after he stepped down from the presidency in early 1988. cwl/kw/cmc Document 431 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse November 17, 1995 07:18 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 1027 words HEADLINE: Arrest warrant sought for Roh aide DATELINE: SEOUL, Nov 17 BODY: Prosecutors on Friday sought an arrest warrant for a security aide of arrested former president Roh Tae-Woo, prosecution officials said. The officials said the former aide, Lee Hyun-Woo, would be charged with bribery and helping Roh raise a massive slush fund while in office from early 1988 to 1993. The warrant was the first sought in the slush scandal since Roh's arrest Thursday. jhl/kw/mms South Korean prosecutors on Friday sought an arrest warrant for a security aide of arrested former president Roh Tae-Woo, and said more warrants were likely for business tycoons. "Some four or five business tycoons are likely to be arrested in connection with Roh's cache," a prosecutor told on condition of anonimity. The former aide, Lee Hyun-Woo, would be charged with bribery and helping Roh raise 650 million dollars in slush money while in office from early 1988 to 1993, the officials said. The warrant was the first sought since disgraced ex-president Roh was put behind bars on Thursday, a month after the massive slush-fund scandal broke out. Lee was accused of being a bag-man for Roh, receiving 379,000 dollars from Dong Ah Group chairman Choi Won-Suk, whose name -- along with Daewoo Group chairman Kim Woo-Jung -- was singled out in the arrest warrant for Roh, in return for awarding national projects. The Chief of Ssangyong Group, Kim Suk-Won, also bribed Lee to arrange a private meeting with Roh, prosecutors said, adding that they had found that the state-run Korea Electric Power Corp. (Kepco) and Dong-Hwa Bank had also handed Lee black money for favors. Prosecutors said on Thursday that Daewoo Group chairman Kim Woo-Jung, who is curently in Poland, had offered a total of 24 billion won (31 million dollars) in kickbacks to Roh in 1991 when his group was awarded a massive naval port construction project in the southern port of Chinhae. Prosecutors probing the scandal have grilled 36 business tycoons including the heads of the Hyundai and Samsung groups, on their involvement in helping Roh hide his illegal money. Roh received 235 billion won (307 million dollars) from the top 30 business groups, including Daewoo and construction giant Dong-A, the prosecutors said. jhl/kw/mms All six former South Korean presidents, including Roh Tae-Woo, facing jail Thursday on corruption charges, have fallen into disgrace or met a tragic death, attesting to the country's turbulent 50-year history. The first South Korean president Syngman Rhee, who was elected in 1948, was forced to resign in a popular uprising led by students in 1960 after he failed to prolong his tenure through rigged elections. He was forced into exile in Hawaii, where he longed to return home before dying there in 1965. The second president, Yoon Bo-Sun, was toppled by a military coup in 1961, led by then major general Park Chung-Hee. Park took over the presidency and stayed in power for 18 years, ruling with an iron-hand until he was assassinated by his top intelligence official in October 1979. The power vacuum left by the death of Park was filled by military generals Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo, who staged a military coup in December 1979. Chun became president in 1980 after suppressing a popular uprising in the southwestern city of Kwangju, which left more than 200 people dead. Amid turbulent pro-democracy protests, he handpicked Roh as his successor in 1988. Before a scandal involving his illegal millions broke out last month, Roh looked set to go into history as the first former president to be spared the tragedy or ignominy of his predecessors. During his five-year term from 1987 to 1993, Roh repeatedly called for an end to corruption and sent his former mentor Chun and Chun's wife into internal exile in remote Buddhist temple in disgrace. But Roh now undergoes a fate worse than Chun's, facing five years or more behind bars or a life sentence on charges of taking bribes from businesses in return for awarding them lucrative projects. The two former military-general presidents have also been dogged by persistent protests calling for their punishment in connection with the bloody crackdown on the 1980 Kwangju uprising. ckp/kw Document 432 Copyright 1995 U.P.I. United Press International November 17, 1995, Friday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 469 words HEADLINE: S. Korea's Roh's disgrace nothing new BYLINE: BY Sue Lee DATELINE: SEOUL, Nov. 17 BODY: Former President Roh Tae-woo may be the first South Korean leader to be locked up on criminal charges, but his disgrace is nothing new for Seoul's politicians. Since the Republic of Korea was founded in 1948, all six outgoing presidents have fallen from favor, either through military coups or corruption scandals. Current President Kim Young-sam is only leader so far untarnished, but he too may be affected in the wake of Roh's arrest on $300 million bribery charges. South Korea's first President Rhee Syng-man steered the country through the 1950-53 Korean War, but rigged the 1960 elections and was forced to flee the country after an angry student-led uprising. He went into exile to Hawaii, where he died in 1965. His successor, Yun Po-sun held his seat for just one year before being ousted in a military coup led by Maj. Gen. Park Chung-hee in 1961. Park, South Korea's first general-turned-president, clung to power for 18 years. He took a hard-line against entrenched corruption and laid the foundations for South Korea's exponential economic growth. But his iron-fisted rule came to an abrupt end in 1979 when a close aide, fearing a political purge, shot him. The next president, Choi Kyu-hah, was a civilian. He was ousted only months later in South Korea's second military coup in 1979, led by two generals who would rule the country for the next 12 years and become heavily embroiled in bribery. Gen. Chun Doo-hwan, the first of the new military presidents weathered the 1980 Kwangju uprising, which left over 200 pro-democracy demonstrators dead, and stepped down in 1988. But rumors that Chun had amassed millions in a political slush fund were already circulating as he prepared to leave office. Chun quickly apologized, donated around $20 million to the government and escaped criminal charges by retreating to a monastery and leaving Gen. Roh Tae-woo -- who was also involved in the 1979 coup -- the new president. Roh then distanced himself from Chun by declaring he was a common man who had the interests of the people at heart. He too stepped down without incident, but admitted Oct. 27 to amassing a massive $654 million from business ''donations'' during his 1988-1993 term. But even Roh's arrest Nov. 16 on charges of accepting bribes of $306 million may not be the end of the story. Prosecutors say they still have not discovered how the political slush funds were distributed during the civilian elections that brought current President Kim Young-sam to late 1992. Kim denies he accepted any money from Roh, but opposition politicians allege he accepted up to $1.3 billion. Roh has also been the target of frequent student demonstrations demanding punishment for the military crackdown in Kwangju in 1980. Document 433 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream November 03, 1995; Friday 08:14 Eastern Time SECTION: National political LENGTH: 907 words BODY: Jelzin erhielt erstmals Besuch von Tschernomyrdin Moskau (AP) Erstmals seit seiner Erkrankung hat der russische Pr w2350 wstm- r i BC-AP-APTV:1300Advisory 11-03 0690 BC-AP-APTV: 1300 Advisory,0704 APTV 1300 ADVISORY FOR FRIDAY 3 NOVEMBER 1995 Here is a rundown of the main stories APTV expects to move dur ing the next 12 hours. APTV's scheduled b-u-l-l-e-t-i-n times over this period are Eu rope Update 2 (1430), Agency Window (1540), Europe Late (1600), Eur ope Update 3 (1800), Latin America (1900), North America Update (1 930), Pacific Rim Early (1945),North America Late (2030), Latin America Update (2100), Europe Update 4 (2130) and Asia Early (214 All times are GMT.All stories to run from 1600 GMT unless stated. PHILIPPINES: ANGELA - Typhoon Angela which is sweeping th Philippines has left at least 12 people dead and forced 160-th ousand to flee their homes. APTV has dramatic footage as the country went on red alert. RUSSIA: HOSPITAL - Russian President Boris Yeltsin has met Pri me Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin for the first time since sufferin g a heart attack last week. Our pictures show Chernomyrdin arrivin g at the hospital. The meeting came ahead of Chernomyrdin's meeting with CIS leaders later today. RUSSIA: WEATHER - APTV reports on how the sudden arrival of wi nter has caused chaos in Moscow.Heavy snowstorms caused huge tr affic jams in Moscow and several people were reported to have died f rom the cold. RUSSIA: COURT - Russia's Supreme Court is considering whether to uphold an electoral ban on one of the main liberal parties, Ya bloko, in next month's parliamentary elections. APTV reports. N'LANDS: LUBBERS - Former Dutch prime minister Ruud Lubbers ha s returned home after meeting U-S Secretary of State Warren Christopher, apparently seeking the blessing of the United Sta tes for the top job in NATO. BRUSSELS: ANNAN- Kofi Annan, who replaces Yasushi Akashi a s UN special envoy for the former Yugoslavia, is due at NATO headqu arters for discussions before formally taking up his post on Saturday . ARGENTINA: PRIEBKE - The Supreme Court has ordered the extradi tion to Italy of 82-year-old Erich Priebke in connection with a sec ond world war massacre of civilians. APTV has recent file and is c hasing latest pictures. SPAIN: NAZI - A Spanish court has turned down a request f Vienna court to extradite Gerd Honsik, an Austrian convicted t here of Neo-Nazi activities.APTV spoke to him as he left c SAFRICA: GENERALS - APTV has comment from Archbishop Desmond T utu and General Constand Viljoen, leader of the right-wing Fr Front,about the charges against former Defence Minister Ge neral Magnus Malan and other military leaders. SKOREA: PERRY - U-S Defence Secretary William Perry continues his visit to South Korea which is mainly focused on the military t hreat posed by communist North Korea. APTV has coverage. SKOREA: PROTEST - Students have again taken to the streets to demand the prosecution of two former presidents in connection with the Kwangju massacre. POLAND: ELECTIONS - Six years after toppling the communists, P oles are to vote Sunday in their second presidential elections, whi ch could bring a reformed Communist back to the supreme offi Aleksander Kwasniewski is leading opinion polls but he's facin g a strong challenge from incumbent President Lech Walesa. GEORGIA: ELECTIONS - Eduard Shevardnadze is expected to emerge with a solid victory in Sunday's presidential election. APTV h profile of the man who gained worldwide fame as one of th peacemakers who ended the Cold War. COLOMBIA: EMERGENCY - President Ernesto Samper has declared a state of emergency following the assassination of prominent Colombia n politician Alvaro Gomez Hurtado, a former senator and ambassad or to Washington. Document 434 Copyright 1995 Associated Press AP Worldstream September 30, 1995; Saturday 23:00 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 1673 words HEADLINE: Students Rally to Demand Punishment for Ex-Presidents BYLINE: SANG-HUN CHOE DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Tens of thousands of student activists, boycotting classes for a second straight day, rallied in 15 cities Saturday to demand punishment for two former presidents allegedly involved in a 1980 blood bath. Tension heightened as 16,000 police with helmets, shields and heavy batons were dispatched to rally points in Seoul. The rest of the nation's 130,000-man force was on alert, although rallies in some cities were dispersing quietly as dark fell. Nighttime clashes were expected in downtown Seoul as dissidents and militant students started marches after rallies. ''Punish the murderers! Bring the murderers to court!'' thousands of students chanted as they marched out of a Seoul park. The more militant ones pounded steel pipes on the pavement in a show of force and readiness to fight as they did Friday, when thousands used firebombs to pelt police, who responded with volleys of tear gas. The students are demanding that former Presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo be brought to trial for ordering a military crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising in the southern city of Kwangju that left at least 200 people dead in 1980. Prosecutors decided several months ago not to indict the former presidents, and current President Kim Young-sam has urged people to let history judge the case. But students, backed by dissident professors, have persuaded the opposition to propose legislation that would let the National Assembly name a special prosecutor. The bill doesn't have much of a chance because the ruling Democratic Liberal Party opposes it. DLP spokesman Sohn Hak-kyu on Saturday warned students against violence and accused the opposition of instigating them for political gain. Park Ji-won, an opposition spokesman, threatened prolonged political confrontation. Culminating months of sporadic protests, Hanchongryon, a nationwide student activist group, started a two-day boycott of classes at about 120 universities Friday to pressure the National Assembly into enacting the special law. On Friday, about 30,000 students battled riot police in a dozen cities. Severe traffic jams were reported as students blocked main throughfares in running street battles. Shops closed early to avoid acrid tear gas. Some bystanders angrily protested when police barged into shops and subway stations chasing students. In one of the late-night clashes, about 200 students hurled dozens of firebombs at a ruling party building in Taegu, 250 kilometers (155 miles) southeast of Seoul, news reports said. Police said they arrested 103 students nationwide for questioning. At least 20 students were reported injured. Busloads of police stood guard around government buildings and the U.S. Embassy in Seoul. Student protests here have a stong anti-American streak. The activists accuse Washington of condoning the South Korean military's crackdown in Kwangju. About 2,000 riot police stood by around the eastern Seoul homes of the two former presidents Friday and Saturday as students formed special squads to ''arrest'' Chun and Roh. The crackdown on the Kwangju uprising was the bloodiest in modern Korean history and remains one of country's most divisive political issues. Chun and Roh were army generals when they seized power in an internal army coup in 1979. The following year, their junta sent military troops to crack down on hundreds of thousands of Kwangju citizens who rose up for democracy. After consolidating power, Chun became president in 1981. He was succeeded by Roh in 1988. Kim, a former opposition leader, joined Roh's government in a three-party merger in 1990. Tens of thousands of students, boycotting classes for a second day, rallied in 15 cities Saturday to demand that two former presidents be tried in connection with a 1980 blood bath. About 10,000 students, chanting ''Punish the murderers!'' marched three kilometers (two miles) down a busy downtown Seoul boulevard, bringing traffic to a standstill. The protest continued for about five hours before losing force. Some 16,000 police with helmets, shields and heavy batons fanned out in downtown Seoul, fearing a repeat of Friday's clashes, when firebomb-throwing students were repeatedly pelted with tear-gas canisters in running battles. Tear gas also was used Saturday to push back groups of students, some kicking and punching, as they attempted sporadic clashes with police, but no serious fighting was reported. Similar but smaller rallies were reported throughout the nation. With the South Korea's 130,000-man police force on alert, many of the protests ended peacefully, the national news agency Yonhap reported. Several kilometers (miles) from the Seoul protests, Argentine soccer star Diego Maradona competed for the first time in 15 months since his second drug suspension, playing for his Boca Juniors team against the South Korean national team before 70,000 spectators. The students are demanding that former Presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo be brought to trial for ordering a military crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising in the southern city of Kwangju that left at least 200 people dead in 1980. Prosecutors decided several months ago not to indict the former presidents, and current President Kim Young-sam has urged people to let history judge the case. The students have persuaded the opposition to push for a special prosecutor, but their chances of getting enabling legislation through the National Assembly are slim because the ruling Democratic Liberal Party opposes the move. DLP spokesman Sohn Hak-kyu on Saturday warned students against violence and accused the opposition of instigating them for political gain. Park Ji-won, an opposition spokesman, threatened prolonged political confrontation. Culminating months of sporadic protests, Hanchongryon, a nationwide student activist group, started a two-day boycott of classes at about 120 universities Friday. On Friday, about 30,000 students battled riot police in a dozen cities. Severe traffic jams were reported as students blocked main thoroughfares in running street battles. Shops closed early to avoid acrid tear gas. Some bystanders angrily protested when police barged into shops and subway stations chasing students. In one late-night clash, about 200 students hurled dozens of firebombs at a ruling party building in Taegu, 250 kilometers (155 miles) southeast of Seoul, news reports said. Police said they arrested 103 students nationwide for questioning. At least 20 students were reported injured. Busloads of police stood guard around government buildings and the U.S. Embassy in Seoul. Student protests here have a strong anti-American streak. The activists accuse Washington of condoning the South Korean military's crackdown in Kwangju. About 2,000 riot police stood by around the eastern Seoul homes of the two former presidents Friday and Saturday as students formed special squads to ''arrest'' Chun and Roh. The crackdown on the Kwangju uprising was the bloodiest in modern Korean history and remains one of country's most divisive political issues. Chun and Roh were army generals when they seized power in an internal army coup in 1979. The following year, their junta sent military troops to crack down on hundreds of thousands of Kwangju citizens who rose up for democracy. After consolidating power, Chun became president in 1981. He was succeeded by Roh in 1988. Kim, a former opposition leader, joined Roh's government in a three-party merger in 1990. President Kim Young-sam warned Sunday that continuing rivalry with North Korea has come to a ''critical period,'' and asked the military to be prepared for every contingency. ''On the Korean Peninsula, the last embers of the Cold War still flicker and could burst into the flames of war at any time,'' Kim said at a ceremony marking the 47th anniversary of Armed Forces day. ''Our military force must closely monitor North Korea's every move,'' he said. The speech was broadcast live nationwide by television and radio. Kim's warning came two days after a top military official said that round-the-clock satellite surveillance is being kept over troubled North Korea as part of an early warning security system. Air Force Chief of Staff Gen. Kim Hong-rae also said North Korea has placed more surface-to-air missiles and long-range artillery units along the North-South border, and has increased reconnaissance flights and airborne exercises. Military analysts have warned that armed provocation is likely should the North Korean government face an internal collapse, and that the current economic quandary is the greatest threat to the government. Predicting that the communist North will not be able to resolve its economic problems any time soon, President Kim warned, ''the next two to three years will be a very critical period in terms of national security'' for South Korea. Defectors from North Korea have said there is not enough fuel to run factories, and that much of the population suffers from hunger and malnutrition. Economic woes have been compounded by devastation from floods in August. The North is seeking dlrs 491 million in international aid to help relieve its most immediate needs. But it is uncertain how much aid North Korea will be able to collect, because of its isolationist policies and antagonistic rhetoric toward the outside world. The severe food shortage forced the proud North to accept a historic donation of 150,000 tons of rice from rival South Korea in June. But prospects for further aid appeared dim after a fourth day of talks on another rice deal ended Saturday in Beijing without agreement. The two Koreas, divided into the capitalist South and the communist North at the end of World War II, have remained bitter enemies since the 1950-53 Korean War. With no peace treaty signed, the two sides are still technically at war, with nearly 2 million troops deployed on both sides. Document 435 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse September 27, 1995 23:21 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 414 words HEADLINE: Students, police battle outside American cultural center in Kwangju DATELINE: SEOUL, Sept 27 BODY: Police used teargas to quell some 200 students on Wednesday protesting outside the American cultural centre in Kwangju against alleged US complicity in the bloody crackdown on a 1980 popular uprising in the southwestern city, witnesses said. The students pelted a protective contingent of riot police troops with stones, prompting the police to retaliate with volleys of teargas. A few students were injured during the clash, which lasted for half an hour, a student reached by phone told . Police said there were no injuries on their side, adding that they had made no arrests. A US Information Service spokesman here said the students had been stopped "several hundred meters (yards)" away from the cultural center and there had been no damage inflicted on the property. The students chanted slogans demanding that the United States reveal the truth about the suppression of the civil uprising by South Korean martial law troops. They also demanded that Washington stop pressuring South Korea to open its car market. The Kwangju uprising, which officially left more than 200 people dead, followed a military coup in 1979, led by former military generals-turned presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo. Student radicals have been staging violent protests across the country for the past week to protest a government decision not to indict Chun and Roh, who helped President Kim Young-Sam win the 1992 presidential election. In a related development, a group of 5,500 professors from 91 universities across the country, who have signed a petition calling for the indictment of Chun and Roh, decided to launch publicity campaign for their cause. The campaign will involve lectures across the country in October and November and public hearings and conferences on the Kwangju bloodshed, to be held until National Asembly elections next April. ckp/kw/pvh Document 436 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse September 04, 1995 02:31 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 360 words HEADLINE: SKorean provincial police chief dismissed for playing golf DATELINE: SEOUL, Sept 4 BODY: A provincial police chief was on Monday dismissed for playing golf with a former South Korean president who is facing a law suit for acts comitted under his authoritarian rule, police said. Chung Dong-Soo, superintendent of the eastern province of Kangwon, was relieved of his post for playing golf, which has virtually been banned here by President Kim Young-Sam, they said. Chung, a former army officer, went to a golf course in Kangwon on the first Sunday of August together with a former army general and president Chun Doo-Hwan, who seized power in a 1980 coup. The fall from favour of golf came with an anti-corruption drive led by Kim, a former dissident who regards golf as a luxury pastime and who restricted the construction of golf courses. Senior government officials here have been fired for playing golf, and their bank accounts scrutinized. Former dissidents, victims of martial law abuses and civil rights groups have filed suit against Chun for condoning a 1980 military crackdown of a civil uprising that left more than 200 people dead in the southern city of Kwangju. The suit also accuses him of staging an armed rebellion allegdly implicates him in the deaths of inmates of reeducation camps. The prosecution earlier this year ruled that Chun and several others were guilty of armed rebellion but said the court was not competent to rule on a political case. Other suits in connection with the Kwangju massacre are pending . cwl/mdl Document 437 Copyright 1995 U.P.I. United Press International August 24, 1995, Thursday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 364 words HEADLINE: UPI Seoul chief Jim Kim dead DATELINE: SEOUL, Aug. 24 BODY: Kim Joon-Hwan, longtime Seoul bureau manager for United Press International, known to his colleagues around the world as Jim Kim, died Thursday. He was 65. He died Thursday morning of stomach cancer at Hanyang University Hospital. Kim, who joined UPI in Seoul in 1965, was three-time president of the Seoul Foreign Correspondents' Club. He was born July 29, 1930 in Seoul and graduated from Seoul National University in 1955. He joined the Tongyang News Agency, one of two major domestic agencies in South Korea, in 1959. After serving as foreign editor of Tongyang, he joined UPI as Seoul bureau chief in 1965. He is especially remembered for his couragous coverage of the Kwangju uprising in 1980 and his sparkling Olympics reporting. ''Jim Kim was the ultimate wire service reporter,'' said Paul Anderson, UPI Asia-Pacific news editor. ''No matter what happened or how big the crisis, Jim would just sit down at the keyboard and punch out the copy, cool as could be. ''In all the years I knew Jim, I never saw him rattled or flustered. He was a mentor and sage for several generations of UPI correspondents who helped cover Korea. To say he will be missed is terribly inadequate -- just the kind of understatement he would make.'' UPI White House correspondent Helen Thomas, who worked with Kim on presidential visits to Korea, called him ''a great newsman.'' ''He saw Korea move from a dictatorship to democracy,'' she said. ''He covered a history of a people. He touched all the bases and knew all the players. He was a great reporter -- very devoted, very dedicated. '' Kate Webb, Agence France Presse bureau chief in Seoul and a former UPI colleague of Kim's, said his death invoked memories of the time when ''he was ordered to 'prove' the UPI photographs of the Kwangju massacre were not fakes and when he was arrested for having half a pack of foreign cigarettes in his pocket after meeting with UPI visitors from Hong Kong.'' ''Jim Kim lived and worked through dictatorships with courage and his trademark humor,'' Webb said. Kim is survived by two sons and one daughter. Funeral arrangements were pending. Document 438 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse August 21, 1995 05:13 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 587 words HEADLINE: Past SKorean junta forcibly "reeducated" thousands: official DATELINE: SEOUL, Aug 21 BODY: The military junta led by former South Korean military dictator Chun Doo-Hwan ordered the forcible reeducation of some 38,000 people after quelling a civilian revolt in the city of Kwangju in 1980, state prosecutors said Monday. But the prosecutors, while ruling the year-long Samchong "social purification" program "illegal and unjust," said they had no right to prosecute Chun or those who helped him implement it in military camps. According to the Association of Samchong Education Program victims, some 50 people were killed and 2,768 injured during the reeducation drive. The subsequent deaths of 397 others were also attributed to harsh treatment at the camps. The 210-member association last February filed charges of murder, confinement and involuntary manslaughter against Chun, former president Choi Kyu-Ha, former martial law commander Lee Hui-Sung, former chairman of the now-defunct Social Purification Committee. Chun, who stepped down amid massive protests against his rule in 1987 and now lives in Seoul, was Defence and Security commander at the time of the May 1980 Kwangju uprising. In December of the same year he took power in a coup. "The Samchong reeducation program, enforced in accordance with the then-state of martial law, was clearly an act of state governing. Illegal and unjust acts which were reported in the process of 'reeducating' should be considered the responsibility of those who educated and trained them," the state prosecutors' office said. "Therefore one cannot call those who decided to introduce the program accountable for the illegal and unjust acts committed," it concluded. The association has claimed that tens of thousands of people were sent to military camps for two or three months of forced re-eduction in addition to the 38,000 held for a full year. The ruling was expected to further anger activists and Kwangju residents who have demonstrated violently here against an earlier prosecutors' decision not to prosecute Chun and former president Roh Tae-Woo for the Kwangju massacre, in which at least 200 people died. The activists charge the prosecution of ignoring justice for political reasons. President Kim Young-Sam, the country's first dissident-turned-president, who took power in 1993 in a coalition with some of Roh and Chun's followers, has renamed the Kwangju revolt a democratic uprising. Document 439 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse August 17, 1995 06:01 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 307 words HEADLINE: Prootestor loses eye allegedly from police teargas canister DATELINE: SEOUL, Aug 17 BODY: A student lost an eye after being hit by a teargas cannister during a crackdown on demonstrators Wednesday which has triggered a public uproar, witnesses and news reports said Thursday. Chang Won-Ho, a 24-year-old student at Danguk University, lost his left eye despite a three-hour-long operation, hospital authorities said. Chang was hit by a cannister when riot police clashed with demonstrators during a protest outside Hanyang University in southern Seoul, witnesses said. A police spokesman said he had no information of the incident. In a statement, the student union of Danguk University said the police had direct-fired the cannister at close range in violation of safety rules. It called for an immediate investigation and threatened to launch an all-out protest across the country. Riot police cracked down hard on protests by 5,000 student radicals rallying to press for the prosecution of former generals-turned-presidents for the 1980 Kwangju massacre. Use of violence by police and protestors has escalated this week, leaving scores of injuries on both sides. At least 200 were killed in Kwangju when the military cracked down on a civilian uprising. The demonstrators hold two former presidents, Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo, responsible for ordering the massacre. ckp/kw/tw Document 440 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse August 16, 1995 02:00 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 440 words HEADLINE: Former presidents face protests over Kwangju massacre DATELINE: SEOUL, Aug 16 BODY: Fifteen thousand riot police troops took up positions here Wednesday as students planned to march to the houses of former military generals-turned presidents, police and witnesses said. Police said the riot policemen were deployed in the city center and outside the residences of the former presidents, Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo and at access roads to the presidential Blue House. Some 10,000 students, who on Tuesday battled with riot police while trying to march to the border for a banned pro-unification rally with North Koreans, spent the night at Hanyang University in southern Seoul. Led by a 3,000-member group with a mission to "arrest" Chun and Roh, the students said, they would try to storm the two residences later Wednesday following a protest rally in a public park. The rally was jointly called by human rights activists and students to press for the prosecution of Chun and Roh, accused of ordering the bloody crackdown of the 1980 popular uprising in the southwestern provincial city of Kwangju. The police said they would allow the rally and a subsequent street march but arrest anyone using violence. In a related development, police launched a manhunt for three student leaders, including Chung Tae-Hung of Korea University. Arrest warrants were issued for the three on charges of leading illegal protests and sending two students to the North for the pro-unification rally in violation of the anti-communist National Security Law. Prosecution authorities earlier dropped a case filed by activists and relatives of the victims of the Kwangju uprising against Chun and Roh, citing their lack of competance to hold the two were responsible for the bloodbath. But the decision triggered a wave of protests across the country, spearheaded by university professors and religious leaders. More than 4,000 professors have so far put their names on appeals urging that the two be indicted in connection with the bloody crackdown. ckp/kw/bsm Document 441 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse August 13, 1995 05:04 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 414 words HEADLINE: Riot police tear gas Kwangju demonstrators in Seoul BODY: SEOUL, Aug 13 - Riot police launched a massive tear gas attack Sunday on some 2,000 radicals who occupied the streets of central Seoul to demand the indictment of two former South Korean presidents involved in a 1979 coup. Police hurled dozens of tear gas cannisters after the protestors gathered in a central park for a march, shouting "Punish the murderers!" referring to fomer presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo, witnesses said. No injuries were reported in the running protests which raged for two hours in the streets of central Seoul, but some 60 students were dragged into police buses, they said. Many of the protestors had converged on Seoul from the opposition stronghold of Kwangju in the south. Chun, a former general, seized power following the military suppression of a 1980 civil uprising that left some 200 people dead in Kwangju. He was succeeded by Roh in 1988. Victims of the Kwangju uprising have sued Chun and Roh. But last month prosecutors ruled themselves not competent to indict the two, triggering almost daily protests from dissidents. Current President Kim Young-Sam, a former dissident who took office in 1993, has urged the nation not to try to bring his prececessors to court, saying judgement should be "left to history." The protest Sunday was part of pro-Korean unification rallies staged simultaneously in Seoul and Pyongyang to mark the peninsula's liberation from Japanese colonial rule, radical leaders here said. The radicals called for joint ceremonies with North Koreans on August 15 at the truce village of Panmunjom to commemorate the end of Japan's occupation half a century ago. cwl/kw/pvh Document 442 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse August 07, 1995 07:15 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 747 words HEADLINE: Bureaucrat named minister as suspicion mounts over slush fund BODY: By C.W. Lim SEOUL, Aug 7 - President Kim Young-Sam on Monday appointed a career bureaucrat as Government Administration Minister as public suspicions mounted over slush funds allegedly managed by a former South Korean president. Kim Ki-Jae, 49, a technocrat, succeeded former minister Seo Suk-Jae, fired last week over controversial remarks that one of South Korea's ex-presidents had stashed away some 530 million dollars. Seo, one of the president's confidants identified with the liberal faction of his party, said last week that a manager of the hidden funds that were kept in local banks under aliases had sought a secret deal with Kim Young-Sam's government to avoid an investigation. The sacked minister hastily retracted his remarks, saying he had been referring only to rumors about the money allegedly kept by either Chun Doo-Hwan or Roh Tae-Woo, whose followers make up the conservative faction of the ruling party. Chun was in power from 1981 to 1987, and was succeeded by Roh whose tenure expired in early 1993. Both, who now live in Seoul, were former army generals criticized for engineering a coup in 1979. They have denied the reports. The scandal has blown up into a major political issue, with opposition parties accusing Kim Young-Sam's administration of trying to cover up the existence of slush funds kept by former presidents. Opposition legislators claimed that some senior government officials and businessmen might have been involved in the scandal. They also contend that one or both of the two ex-presidents are in possession of part of the money. The opposition has been boosted by news reports that prosecutors were forced to stop an independent probe last year into bank accounts opened under aliases by Roh's associates. Under a 1993 presidential decree, bank accounts kept under aliases are subject to heavy fines and taxes. "Prosecutors should reopen their probe to find out how such funds were raised," said a new opposition party being created by veteran opposition leader Kim Dae-Jung. Despite the denials, Prime Miniser Lee Hong-Koo has instructed that a public office should investigate the scandal to dispel public suspicions. It is no secret here that the former presidents amassed large political slush funds from business tycoons, some of whom were prosecuted when Kim Young-Sam was inaugurated as the country's first dissident-turned-president. Before being forced into exile at a remote temple in 1988, Chun apologized for his authoritarian rule and put 18 million dollars of leftover political funds into state coffers. On Monday, some 100 opposition supporters scuffled with riot police when their protest march toward the presidential office was stopped outside parliament. The protesters dispersed peacefully after demanding Chun and Roh be punished for ordering the 1980 military suppression of a civil uprising that left some 200 people killed in the southern city of Kwangju. Victims of the Kwangju uprising have sued Chun and Roh. But prosecutors last month ruled themselves not competent to indict the two, triggering almost daily protests from dissidents. Kim Young-Sam, who took power in partnership with conservatives, has urged the nation not to try to bring his predecessors to court, saying judgement should be "left to history." The Kwangju uprising followed Chun's seizing control of the military. cwl/kw/jrb Document 443 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse July 28, 1995 04:52 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 347 words HEADLINE: Kwangju protestors demand indictment of two former SKorean presidents BODY: SEOUL, July 28 - Some 1,500 protestors rallied in central Seoul Friday against a decision not to indict two former presidents held responsible for the bloody 1980 suppression of a civil uprising. The demonstrators included hundreds from the southern city of Kwangju, where 200 people died in 1980 in armed clashes between martial law troops and civilian demonstrators. At a rally in a park in central Seoul, the protestors shouted "Indict the murderers" and demanded prosecutors retract their decision last week not to indict the two former general-turned presidents, Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo. Prosecutors have ruled themselves not competent to indict the two ex-presidents. The prosecution's ruling two weeks ago has triggered almost daily protests from dissidents and radical students who charged it was politically influenced. President Kim Young-Sam, a former dissident and the country's first non-military-backed president in decades, has called the Kwangju uprising a "democratic movment" and authorized monuments to the victims. But Kim, who took power in 1993 in partnership with conservatives, has urged the nation not to try to bring the two to court, saying judgement should be "left to history." The Kwangju uprising followed Chun's seizing control of the military. Chun, then a four-star general was elected president in August of 1980. Roh succeeded him in 1987. cwl/kw/mms Document 444 Copyright 1995 U.P.I. United Press International July 24, 1995, Monday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 456 words HEADLINE: Move taken in Seoul against ex-leader DATELINE: SEOUL, July 24 BODY: A group of 322 dissidents filed a petition Monday hoping to nullify a prosecution decision not to take legal moves against former President Chun Doo Hwan, who harshly put down a democracy uprising in 1980. The group submitted its petition to the Constitution Court, the top legal authority on judging the constitutionality of government actions. A spokesman for the group said in an announcement that a recent prosecution decision not to bring Chun and 57 followers to justice represented an abuse of power and was unreasonable. ''The prosecution ruling is tantamount to encouraging future coup plotters to seize power by all means, as successful insurrection assures survival,'' the spokesman said. ''The prosecution has no power to decide against bringing Chun and his group to justice. It should be left to a court of law to judge whether they should stand trial or not for the case.'' The petitioners included people who suffered in the pro-democracy uprising that started May 18, 1980, to protest a blanket government crackdown on political opposition including the arrest of opposition leader Kim Dae-jung. Rebels held Kwangju for 10 days before the government regained control of the city via crack Army troops. In the process, nearly 200 people were killed and about 1,000 injured by official counts. The dissidents filed a petition with the prosecution in May last year demanding the punishment of Chun and former Army associates who played key roles in quelling the uprising. Last Tuesday the prosecution decided that the petition could not be accepted as the accused (named by the petitioners) could not be brought to justice. ''A series of moves the accused took were political actions establishing a new government body and as such they do not fall under the jurisdiction of law enforcement authorities,'' the prosecution ruled. ''We ask for your court's ruling nullifying the prosecution decision and ordering legal proceedings against the accused,'' said the petitioners, taking their case to the Constitution Court. A group of ''lawyers for a democratic society'' filed a separate petition last Saturday with the prosecution seeking punishment of Chun and seven other former Army officers for perjury. The lawyers charged that Chun, former Defense Minister Choo Young- bock and former Army Chief of Staff Lee Hui-sung and four others lied while testifying before the National Assembly at the 1988-89 hearings on the Kwangju incident. Chun at that time said he was not in a position to order military moves. The others denied knowledge about Army troops closing down parliament and also said they did not give orders to open fire at demonstrators. Document 445 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse July 22, 1995 11:54 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 440 words HEADLINE: Students march to protest ex-presidents' role in Kwangju massacre BODY: SEOUL, July 22 - Riot police fired volleys of teargas here Saturday to crush an attempt by some 500 angry students from marching on the homes of two former South Korean presidents they hold responsible for the 1980 Kwangju massacre. A number of the students, who fought back with iron bars and rocks at the gates of Yonsei University, were injured, an photographer said. The protestors were part of a group of 2,000 who earlier marched through Seoul's main streets and burned effigies, to protest last week's decision not to indict the two former presidents, Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh-Tae-Woo, in connection with the massacre. The prosecutor's office on Tuesday ruled itself not competent to indict Chun and Roh, whom the students hold responsible for a military massacre during a civilian uprising in the southern city of Kwangju in which 200 died by an official count. President Kim Young-Sam, a former dissident and the country's first non-military-backed president in decades, has called the Kwangju uprising a "democratic movement" and authorized monuments to the victims. But Kim, who took power in 1993 in partnership with conservatives, has urged that judgement of Chun and Roh be "left to history" not taken to the courts. The prosecution's ruling, which the students and relatives of the victims charge was politically influenced, has triggered almost daily demonstrations in Kwangju since Tuesday. bur-kw/mdl Chun, then a four-star general, had become chief of the Korean CIA at the time of the uprising in May of 1980. He was elected president in August of 1980. bur-kw/mdl Document 446 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse July 22, 1995 11:55 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 494 words HEADLINE: Students march to protest ex-presidents' role in Kwangju massacre BODY: SEOUL, July 22 - Protests, some violent and some peaceful, erupted here and in five other South Korean cities Saturday against a decision not to indict two former presidents held responsible for the 1980 Kwangju massacre, eyewitnesses and news reports said. In Seoul, riot police fired volleys of teargas to crush an attempt by some 500 angry students from marching on the homes of the two ex-presidents, Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo. A number of the students, who fought back with iron bars and rocks at the gates of Yonsei University, were injured, an photographer said. Yonahp Television News and Yonhap news agency reported violent clashes with tear-gas shooting riot police in Kwangju and Taegu cities, and more peaceful marches in the cities of Chunchon, Pusan and Chonju. The demonstrators were protesting last week's decision not to indict Chun and Roh. The prosecutor's office on Tuesday ruled itself not competent to indict the two former generals held mainly responsible for a military massacre during a civilian uprising in the southern city of Kwangju in which 200 died by official count. President Kim Young-Sam, a former dissident and the country's first non-military-backed president in decades, has called the Kwangju uprising a "democratic movement" and authorized monuments to the victims. But Kim, who took power in 1993 in partnership with conservatives, has urged that judgement of Chun and Roh be "left to history" not taken to the courts. The prosecution's ruling, which the students and relatives of the victims charge was politically influenced, has triggered almost daily demonstrations in Kwangju since Tuesday. The Kwangju civilian uprising was triggered by Chun's seizing control of the military after the 1979 assassination of President Park Chun-Hee and the jailing of major opposition figures. Chun, then a four-star general, had become chief of the Korean CIA at the time of the uprising in May of 1980. He was elected president in August of 1980. bur-kw/mdl Document 447 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse July 22, 1995 12:10 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 587 words HEADLINE: WORLD NEWS SUMMARY CAIRO: The 48-nation Organization of the Islamic Confere BODY: WASHINGTON: NATO planners will work over the weekend to put the finishingtouches to plans for a "big" air campaign in Bosnia-Hercegovina, US Defense Secretary William Perry said. Under normal circumstances planning for the campaign would take around four days, but it could be accelerated "if something bad happened" such as an attack by Bosnian Serb rebels on the Moslem safe area of Gorazde, Perry said. LAGOS: Forty-three people were executed by firing squad in the top security prison of Kirikiri at Lagos. The execution of 10 others due to take place has been postponed following official instructions, the chief prison administrator of Lagos state told reporters. He gave no further details. The order came as a military court review was expected in the cases of 43 people convicted in connection with a failed coup attempt in March. The report did not specify whether the coup plotters were among those to be executed. SEOUL: Protests, some violent, erupted here and in five other South Korean cities against a decision not to indict two former presidents held responsible for the 1980 Kwangju massacre, witnesses and news reports said. In the capital, riot police fired volleys of teargas to crush an attempt by some 500 angry students from marching on the homes of the two ex-presidents, Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo. Yonahp Television News and Yonhap news agency reported violent clashes with riot police in Kwangju and Taegu cities. BUJUMBURA: Hutu extremists attacked the Mutanga University campus here killing four people and seriously wounding two, university sources said. Six more people were missing following the attack late Friday. All the victims, including those missing, were Tutsis, the sources added. Observers said they believed the attack was in revenge for a raid on June 11 at the same campus in when some 15 students were killed, provoking a massive exodus of Hutus. LONDON: European Union mediator Carl Bildt said Belgrade was close to recognising Bosnia-Hercegovina, but the terms of his accord with the rump Yugoslavia fell short of demands from western governments. The Swedish mediator has been trying for months to convince Serbian President Slobodan Milosevic to recognise neighbouring Bosnia-Hercegovina in exchange for a lifting of trade sanctions in force since May 1992. RANGOON: Aung San Suu Kyi's British husband Michael Aris and their youngest son arrived here to see the Nobel Peace laureate for the first time since her release, sources in her household said. The family had a reunion in January while the Burmese dissident was still under house arrest, but visa requests by her family for subsequent visits to Burma were denied by the military authorities here. CAPE CANAVERAL, Florida: The US space shuttle Discovery returned to Earth at the end of a nine-day mission to deploy a communications satellite and conduct military and medical experiments. The shuttle's mission was delayed by more than one month due to damage caused by woodpeckers to the protective layer to an exterior tank. Document 448 Copyright 1995 U.P.I. United Press International July 22, 1995, Saturday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 307 words HEADLINE: More protests in Seoul against ex-leader DATELINE: SEOUL, July 22 BODY: About 1,000 people mostly students staged a rally in Seoul Saturday demanding that former President Chun Doo Hwan and his followers be brought to justice for harshly put down a pro- democracy uprising in 1980. The participants protested a prosecution ruling announced Tuesday that Chun and his group cannot be prosecuted for crushing the 1980 democracy movement in the provincial opposition stronghold of Kwangju. They adopted a resolution urging the government to nullify the ruling and appoint a special prosecutor to press ''charges of insurrection and murders aiming at insurrection'' against Chun's group. ''We will struggle against the prosecution decision by all means, including appeals and reappeals against the ruling and a petition to the Constitution Court,'' the resolution said. A separate group of about 40 students were stopped and taken to a police station while trying to march to the Blue House, the official residence of President Kim Young-sam, to protest the prosecution move. The prosecution ruling was prompted by a petition filed by 322 dissidents in May last year demanding punishment of Chun and 57 other military officers who played leading roles in quelling the Kwangju uprising, which started on May 18, 1980. In the uprising, a protest of the blanket crackdown on political opposition and the arrest of opposition leader Kim Dae-jung, rebels held Kwangju for 10 days before being crushed by crack Army troops. Nearly 200 people were killed in the incident by official counts while about 1,000 others were injured. In its ruling, the prosecution said ''a series of moves the accused (listed by the petitioners) took were political actions establishing a new governing body and as such they do not fall under the jurisdiction of law enforcement authorities.'' Document 449 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse July 19, 1995 10:01 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 387 words HEADLINE: Student protests erupt in three cities over Kwangju massacre decision DATELINE: SEOUL, July 19 BODY: Angry student radicals battled riot police here and in two other major South Korean cities on Wednesday, protesting a decision not to indict two former military-backed presidents for the 1980 Kwangju massacre in which at least 200 civilians died. In Kwangju, where the protests first flared late Tuesday after the decision was announced, riot police beat some 600 rock-throwing students back from government offices with volleys of tear gas, news reports said. In Taejon some 200 students, shouting "this is not law, this is politics," marched on the city law association office, Yonhap news agency said, but added that no tear gas was used. In Seoul some 300 radicals, joined by family members of Kwangju victims staged running battles in pouring rain with riot police between Myongdong Cathedral and the downtown prosecutor's office. The radicals hold former military-backed presidents Chun Do-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo responsible for the 1980 massacre which occured when military troops put down a civilian uprising against a military coup. The prosecutor's office said in its ruling Tuesday that, despite a 14-month investigation, it had "no power" to indict Roh or Chun. Armed suppression was beyond the prosecution's ability to to investigate and judge because it was "a typical act of government" used to suppress a crisis, it said. President Kim Young-Sam, the country's first dissident-turned-president who came to power in 1993 in alliance with former military-backed conservatives, now calls the Kwangju uprising a pro-democracy movement. But he has urged students and families of those killed to leave the judgement of Roh and Chun to history, not to the law. Document 450 Copyright 1995 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire JULY 18, 1995, TUESDAY LENGTH: 363 words HEADLINE: Ex-S. Korean leaders escape indictment in Kwangju riot DATELINE: SEOUL, July 18 Kyodo BODY: Former Presidents Chun Doo Hwan and Roh Tae Woo will not be indicted over the suppression of the Kwangju uprising 15 years ago that killed almost 200 people, prosecutors said Tuesday. Wrapping up a 14-month investigation on behalf of bereaved families, the Seoul District Prosecutors Office said it has 'no power to prosecute' the former presidents and 56 others charged with involvement in the case, since the armed crackdown was based on martial law and other laws at the time. It said the actions taken against the Kwangju protesters were acts of government taken in an effort to settle a national crisis, on which the prosecution cannot pass judgment. Following Chun's taking power in a military coup in December 1979, antigovernment student demonstrations led to clashes with the army and the extension of martial law throughout the country. Almost 200 people were killed in May 1980 when troops stormed the southern city of Kwangju, which had been taken over by students and dissidents who demanded the lifting of martial law and the release of dissident leader Kim Dae Jung. In their decision, the prosecutors, however, recognized that the army had opened fire despite not being directly threatened by the protesters. Representatives for the 322 plaintiffs, who last May took legal action accusing the former presidents and the 56 others of insurrection and murder, denounced the prosecution's decision as 'unacceptable.' 'The decision has demonstrated that nothing more can be expected out of the incumbent regime,' said Rev. Pius Cho, chairman of the Kwangju Uprising Memorial Foundation, according to Yonhap News Agency. Rhee O Taek, spokesman for the opposition Democratic Party, denounced the decision calling it an 'antihistoric violence which disregards the public's aspirations to hear the whole truth,' Yonhap reported. In contrast, President Kim Young Sam's ruling Democratic Liberal Party welcomed the decision, saying, 'It's proper that they leave an historic eval‎uation of the case to posterity.' In May 1993, Kim praised the Kwangju uprising for the first time, saying it was an action for the sake of South Korean democracy. Document 451 Copyright 1995 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire JULY 18, 1995, TUESDAY LENGTH: 225 words HEADLINE: Kyodo news summary -8- DATELINE: TOKYO, July 18 Kyodo BODY: -- The Cambodian National Assembly passed a government-proposed press legislation that prohibits the media from reporting in a way that could 'affect national security and political stability.' -- Indonesian Foreign Minister Ali Alatas left Jakarta for Beijing at the invitation of Chinese Foreign Minister Qian Qichen to discuss common issues including territorial disputes in the South China Sea. -- Some 6,000 workers of a garment factory in a village near Jakarta rallied in protest, demanding better employment conditions, a news report said. -- The crime rate in Hong Kong rose by 9.2% in the first half of 1995 as reported crimes totaled 45,551 cases, compared with 41,714 in the same period the year before, police said. -- Former South Koream Presidents Chun and Roh will not be indicted over the suppression of the Kwangju uprising 15 years ago that killed almost 200 people, prosecutors said. -- New Thai Prime Minister Banharn said he will immediately take to task U.S. allegations that at least three Thai politicians are involved in drug trafficking. -- A moderate earthquake jolted Tochigi and Gunma prefectures but there were no reports of injuries or damage. -- China hinted that it hopes to mend fences with the United States at a meeting between the two nations' foreign ministers in Brunei on Aug. 1. Document 452 Copyright 1995 U.P.I. United Press International July 18, 1995, Tuesday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 369 words HEADLINE: S. Korean youths protest court ruling DATELINE: SEOUL, July 18 BODY: Violent protests broke out Tuesday following a ruling that former President Chun Doo Hwan and his followers cannot be brought to justice for crushing a pro-democracy uprising 15 years ago, the Yonhap News Agency of Seoul said. Protesters battled police in Kwangju, an opposition stronghold 170 miles (274 km) south of Seoul, where a democracy movement flared up in 1980. Yonhap said about 500 students who were members of a dissident student organization clashed with riot squads near Chosun University in Kwangju. Students threw rocks at police who countered with tear gas, Yonhap said. Earlier in the day the prosecution issued its ruling on a petition filed by 322 dissidents in May 1994 seeking punishment of Chun and 57 others who played leading roles in crushing the 1980 democracy uprising. ''A series of moves the accused took were political actions establishing a new governing body,'' the prosecution said, ''and as such they do not fall under the jurisdiction of law enforcement authorities.'' A group demanding the indictment of those responsible for the ''Kwangju Massacre,'' declared the ruling ''null and void'' and demanded the appointment of a special prosecutor to bring Chun and his associates to justice, Yonhap said. The Kwangju City Council said in a statement that President Kim Young-sam's government compromised its own moral integrity with the ruling, Yonhap said. The petition filed by the dissidents charged Chun and his supporters with insurrection and murders aiming at insurrection. The petitioners were people who suffered when Chun and his followers sent army troops to crush a popular uprising in Kwangju, held to protest blanket crackdown on political opposition, including the arrest of opposition leader Kim Dae-jung. The uprising started on May 18, 1980, and rebels held the city for 10 days before the government regained control by sending in troops. Nearly 200 people were killed and about 1,000 others injured in the ensuing clash. ''The prosecution, after studying testimony by those involved as well as related data, concluded that there was no ground to back the insurrection charges,'' the prosecution said. Document 453 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 18, 1995 08:53 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 694 words HEADLINE: (pictures) BODY: South Korean riot police battle Kwangju anniversary protestors in Seoul (UPDATES with injured figures) By Kim Jae-Hwan SEOUL, May 18 - Riot police armed with tear gas and truncheons Thursday battled thousands of student protestors commemorating the 1980 Kwangju uprising in the streets of central Seoul, injuring at least 30, television and witnesses said. The protestors, whose ranks had swelled to some 10,000 by evening, were among some 35,000 who rallied across South Korea demanding punishment of two former presidents for crushing the pro-democracy Kwangju civil uprising in 1980. Shouting "Punish the murderers," the students in Seoul charged, regrouped, and charged again, dodging volleys of tear gas and blocking rush hour traffic. The demonstrators denounced President Kim Young-Sam for protecting his two predecessors -- generals-turned-presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo. Dozens were detained. No overall injury or arrest figures were available, but Yonhap said 30 students were surrounded, badly beaten and taken away by riot police at a busy shopping area. In Kwanju itself, flags flew at half mast and 20,000 students and citizens held a street rally outside the city's government building. Memorial rallies were also held in four other cities to mark the 15th anniversary of the bloody uprising that left more than 200 people dead in the southern provincial capital of Kwangju. At the city's public cemetery, the government of the provincial capital joined disssidents for the first time in hosting a memorial service to the victims of the uprising in which Kwangju residents rose up against a military junta. The massacre left 239 people dead by official count, although dissidents claimed the death toll was far higher. "The truth has not yet been fully revealed," Catholic priest Cho Bi-Ho said during the service, adding the two ex-presidents must be jailed for ordering the army's brutal suppression of protests in Kwangju. Chun and Roh, who were key junta members in 1980, have been the target of violent protests by dissidents, who have ignored Kim's appeal to leave judgement to history. Kim, a victim of dictatorships, has turned the Kwangju cemetery into a sanctuary of democratic martyrs since he took office in early 1993 as the nation's first civilian president in three decades. Similar rallies or memorial services were staged in Taegu, Chunju, Kunsan, Cheju and other cities, the Yonhap news agency said. Near the presidential office in Seoul, riot police earlier stopped and arrested 30 students who raised a banner reading "Punish the murderers" on top of an elevated walkway. In North Korea, meanwhile, the communist party newspaper Rodong Sinmun carried an editorial urging South Koreans to stage an anti-government and anti-US campaign, according to the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA). The editorial followed an indoor Kwangju memorial rally Wednesday in Pyongyang by about 100,000 people, including vice president Ri Jong-Ok and other party leaders, said the KCNA, monitored here and in Tokyo. bur/kw/lk Document 454 Copyright 1995 U.P.I. United Press International May 18, 1995, Thursday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 533 words HEADLINE: S. Korean students stage protests DATELINE: SEOUL, May 18 BODY: About 3,000 dissident students staged a series of running street battles with riot police in Seoul Thursday to mark the 15th anniversary of a bloody pro-democracy uprising that left 200 people dead and another 1,000 injured. The students, members of the anti-government Korean Federation of University Student Associations, first tried to hold a rally at a downtown point but went directly into street protests, blocked by police while en route to the rally site. They took subway trains to gather near a department store in the heart of the city, where they held a sit-down protest in the middle of a busy eight-lane street, stopping all traffic. Police squads wearing gas masks and wielding clubs moved in under the support of armored vehicles, lobbing tear gas canisters into the demonstrators in rapid succession. Scuffles erupted between some students and police before the protesters dispersed. The youths quickly regrouped in another bustling downtown area and staged a standoff with riot police. More tear gas was fired, and more scuffles took place. Witnesses reported a number of arrests made during the street clashes, but there was no immediate official announcement on arrests or injuries. The students were demanding punishment of those responsible for a 1980 blood bath in Kwangju, 170 miles (273 km) south of Seoul, in which Army troops entered the city to crush a democracy movement that began on May 18. The Kwangju uprising began as a protest against a severe crackdown on political opposition, including the arrest of Kim Dae-jung, who comes from near the city. The move was ordered by an interim government that came to power following the October 1979 assassination of President Park Chung-hee. Rebels forced police and Army troops out of Kwangju and held the city for 10 days before the government sent in troops to regain control of the city. The incident paved the way to power for Army Maj. Gen. Chun Doo Hwan, who wielded great influence in the interim government as head of a group of reformist Army officers. Chun was subsequently elected president. In Kwangju thousands of people visited a cemetery where those killed in the uprising are buried. Ceremonies and street rallies were held to mark the anniversary, news reports said. At a citizens' rally in Kwangju the participants adopted a resolution demanding the whole truth on the incident and punishment of those responsible for the killings, the reports said. The anger of most protesters, including those in Kwangju and Seoul, was directed at Chun and his associates, including Roh Tae-woo, Chun's military academy classmate who followed Chun to the presidency in 1988. President Kim Young-sam has asked the nation to let history pass judgment on the tragic incident and forgive those responsible for the bloodshed. ''How can we forgive when we do not know whom to forgive?'' news reports quoted a participant at the Kwangju rally as asking. The demonstrator was referring to the fact that a responsibility has never been officially determined. News reports also said there were scattered protest rallies in several provincial towns. Document 455 Copyright 1995 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 16, 1995 08:23 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 787 words HEADLINE: SKorean nuclear waste dump protesters occupy Inchon city hall DATELINE: SEOUL, May 18 BODY: A small group of radicals on Tuesday ransacked the mayor's office in the western port city of Inchon, in protest against a plan to build a nulear waste dump on an islet off the coast, television said. Yonhap television showed police using tear gas and truncheons to overpower the protesters, who were driven to the top of the office building following a police raid. There were no immediate reports of casualties in the battle, but some protesters were seen to be badly beaten in the melee, which came after the activists had smashed furniture during their brief occupation of the building. "We oppose the waste dump," the protestors had shouted during the confrontation with some 600 riot police surrounding them. The South Korean government last year announced plans for the islet dump after violent protests by residents had forced it to abandon plans for an inland nuclear waste dump. bur-kw/mdl (UPDATES with detention of street protestors in Seoul SEOUL, May 16 - South Korea police on Tuesday arrested 61 left wing students in an often violent nationwide crackdown on radical elements, local media reports said. The crackdown, aimed both against an anti-nuclear protest and a pro-North Korean group, came two days ahead of the 15th anniversary of the repression of a 1980 pro-democracy movement in the southern city of Kwangju that left more than 200 dead. Riot police gassed, kicked and punched masked students to crush a violent anti-nuclear protest inside the mayor's office in the western port of Inchon, television reported. Police used tear gas and truncheons to overpower 11 protestors, whom they had driven to the top of the four-storey city hall in Inchon, 40 kilometers (25 miles) west of Seoul, Yonhap Television News showed. No immediate injuries were reported, but television footage showed some of the arrested protesters badly beaten. "We oppose the waste dump," shouted protesters wrapped in yellow flags. Leaflets and banners demanded the government scrap a controversial plan to build a nuclear waste dump on an islet off Inchon. The government announced plans for the dump last year after abandoning a previous project for an inland dump in the face of violent protests by villagers. The new plan, condemned as dangerous by neighbouring North Korea, has also triggered scattered protests despite a government offer for tax and other favors. Before the protest, students from two Inchon colleges smashed furniture and windows in the mayor's office with clubs and iron pipes. They hurled a dozen firebombs to block a police raid, Yonhap said. Police said they also arrested 12 students at Korea University in Seoul on charges of organizing a pro-North Korean group and producing literature endorsing North Korean-style communism, Juche (self-reliance). Riot police detained 27 students who staged a protest outside Myongdong Roman Catholic Church in central Seoul, demanding the punishment of former president Chun Doo-Hwan and other leaders of a 1980 military coup. The coup triggered the bloody popular uprising in Kwangju. Police have stepped up security at government buildings and public facilities, fearing students might occupy them for anti-government protests to mark the May 18th Kwangju uprising. Another 11 students from four colleges were arested in the southern port of Pusan on charges of advocating Marxism and spreading leftist ideologies among workers and students. cwl/ckp/kw/tw Document 456 The Associated Press November 26, 1994, Saturday, PM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 392 words HEADLINE: Main Opposition Party Stages Massive Outdoor Rally BYLINE: By JU-YEON KIM, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: DAEJON, South Korea BODY: South Korea's main opposition party held a massive outdoor rally today to demand that two former presidents be punished for engineering a military coup. Democratic Party leader Lee Ki-taek told a crowd of about 12,000 cheering people that former Presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo should be indicted for staging a military coup in 1979 that put Chun in power. Roh succeeded Chun as president in 1988. Protesters chanted "Indict!" and "Punish the military revolt!" as they waved posters and party flags during the rally in Tajon, 93 miles south of Seoul. Police remained out of sight and there was no violence. The demonstration followed weeks of unsuccessful negotiations with the government over prosecuting Chun and Roh. Both sides invoked the national interest to make their case. "We are out here fighting because we want to establish a national spirit by correcting wrongdoings in the past," Lee said, framed by a huge South Korean flag. After a yearlong investigation, the government prosecutor's office announced in October that Chun and Roh were found to have engineered a military revolt. But it said it would not prosecute them to further "national unity." Fearing that prosecution might kick off serious political unrest, President Kim Young-sam has urged the nation to let history judge the Dec. 12, 1979 coup. On Friday, Lee resigned from his parliamentary seat to highlight his opposition to the government decision. Chun and Roh, while still generals, established a junta to rule the country after the death of their mentor, President Park Chung-hee. In the process of consolidating power, the junta sent paratroopers and tanks to quell a popular uprising in Kwangju in May 1980, killing 200 people and injuring 1,800 by official count. Kim, who took office in February 1993 as the first civilian leader in 32 years, had assuaged many dissidents by redefining the Kwangju uprising as a pro-democracy movement. But he has faced criticism for not punishing the presidents. Critics say Kim owes his political success to them because he became president after merging his party with Roh's governing party in 1990. The governing Democratic Liberal Party said today that it will reopen the parliamentary session, now in temporary recess, to approve the 1995 budget despite a boycott of the session by Lee's party. Document 457 Copyright 1994 Associated Press AP Worldstream May 29, 1994, Sunday 07:31 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 440 words HEADLINE: UPDATES with clashes BYLINE: JU-YEON KIM DATELINE: KWANGJU, South Korea BODY: Riot police on Sunday battled thousands of students trying to march on a ruling party building to demand punishment of former leaders who bloodily suppressed a 1980 pro-democracy uprising. The fighting broke out when some of the 50,000 students in an anti-government, anti-U.S. march broke away to attack the Democratic Liberal Party building in Kwangju, a traditional hotbed of political dissent. Riot police in helmets and shields fired tear gas to repel rock-throwing students. The clash raged for an hour, but no injuries or arrests were reported. The government has warned that violent or illegal demonstrations would result in summary arrest and prosecution a departure from a previously tolerant attitude toward protesters. ''Kill them!'' the students screamed, referring to two former military-backed presidents, Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo. Students seek prosecution of the two ex-leaders for their role in putting down the Kwangju uprising, which left at least 200 dead. The protesters blame the United States in part for the 1980 crackdown, saying Washington condoned it. The United States has denied that, but protests in connection with the Kwangju uprising always have a strong anti-American component. A group of about 500 students hurled eggs at riot police blocking them from marching on an American cultural center, a frequent target of anti-U.S. protests. ''Kick out Americans!'' ''Close down the cultural center!'' the students shouted. Earlier Sunday, students burned a huge American flag, setting it afire with a flaming arrow. With nightfall, students dispersed, but tensions still ran high. Groups of students were seen carrying steel pipes and firebombs. They were planning scattered protest rallies through downtown Kwangju. President Kim Young-sam, who took office last year as the first civilian president in 32 years, has appealed to the nation to let history judge those responsible for the Kwangju killings. Angered by that, student protesters have demanded his resignation. The rally in Kwangju, about 240 kilometers (150 miles) south of Seoul, came on the second day of a nationwide student protest group's annual conference. On Saturday, about 30,000 students staged a peaceful rally on the campus of Kwangju's Chosun University. About 15,000 riot police were deployed in the city, but kept their distance. In addition to calling for the prosecution of Chun and Roh, protesters also oppose the opening of South Korea's market to foreign rice, which they say was agreed to under U.S. pressure, and demand the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the Korean Peninsula. Document 458 Copyright 1994 Associated Press AP Worldstream May 29, 1994, Sunday 07:52 Eastern Time SECTION: International news LENGTH: 464 words HEADLINE: Defying Government Warnings, Students Clash With Police BYLINE: JU-YEON KIM DATELINE: KWANGJU, South Korea BODY: Riot police on Sunday battled students trying to march on a ruling party building to demand punishment of former leaders who bloodily suppressed a 1980 pro-democracy uprising. The fighting broke out when some of the 50,000 students in an anti-government, anti-U.S. march broke away to attack the Democratic Liberal Party building in Kwangju, a traditional hotbed of political dissent. Riot police in helmets and shields fired tear gas to repel hundreds of rock-throwing students. The clash raged for an hour, but no injuries or arrests were reported. The government has warned that violent or illegal demonstrations would result in summary arrest and prosecution a departure from a previously tolerant attitude toward protesters. ''Kill them!'' the students screamed, referring to two former military-backed presidents, Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo. Students seek prosecution of the two ex-leaders for their role in putting down the Kwangju uprising, which left at least 200 dead. The protesters blame the United States in part for the 1980 crackdown, saying Washington condoned it. The United States has denied that, but protests in connection with the Kwangju uprising always have a strong anti-American component. A group of about 500 students hurled eggs at riot police blocking them from marching on an American cultural center, a frequent target of anti-U.S. protests. ''Kick out Americans!'' ''Close down the cultural center!'' the students shouted. Earlier Sunday, students burned a huge American flag, setting it afire with a flaming arrow. With nightfall, students dispersed, but tensions still ran high. Groups of students were seen carrying steel pipes and firebombs. They were planning scattered protest rallies through downtown Kwangju. The Yonhap news agency reported that busloads of students were seen leaving town, apparently signaling an end to the large-scale marches. President Kim Young-sam, who took office last year as the first civilian president in 32 years, has appealed to the nation to let history judge those responsible for the Kwangju killings. Angered by that, student protesters have demanded his resignation. The rally in Kwangju, about 240 kilometers (150 miles) south of Seoul, came on the second day of a nationwide student protest group's annual conference. On Saturday, about 30,000 students staged a peaceful rally on the campus of Kwangju's Chosun University. About 15,000 riot police were deployed in the city, but kept their distance. In addition to calling for the prosecution of Chun and Roh, prosecutors also oppose the opening of South Korea's market to foreign rice, which they say was agreed to under U.S. pressure, and demand the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the Korean Peninsula. Document 459 The Associated Press May 29, 1994, Sunday, BC cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 269 words HEADLINE: Defying Government Warnings, Students Clash With Police BYLINE: By JU-YEON KIM, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: KWANGJU, South Korea BODY: Riot police on Sunday battled students trying to march on a ruling party building to demand punishment of former leaders who suppressed a 1980 pro-democracy uprising in this southern city. The fighting broke out when some of the 50,000 students participating in an anti-government, anti-U.S. march broke away to attack the Democratic Liberal Party building in Kwangju, a traditional hotbed of political dissent. Riot police fired tear gas to repel hundreds of rock-throwing students. The clash raged for an hour, but no injuries or arrests were reported. The government has warned that violent or illegal demonstrations would result in summary arrest and prosecution - a departure from a previously tolerant attitude toward protesters. "Kill them!" the students screamed, referring to the country's former military-backed presidents, Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo. Students seek prosecution of the two former leaders for their role in putting down the Kwangju uprising, which left at least 200 dead. The protesters blame the United States in part for the crackdown, saying Washington condoned it. The United States has denied that, but protests in connection with the uprising always have a strong anti-American component. With nightfall, students dispersed, but tensions still ran high. Groups of students were seen carrying steel pipes and firebombs. President Kim Young-sam, who took office last year as the first civilian president in 32 years, has appealed to the nation to let history judge those responsible for the Kwangju killings. That has prompted the students to demand his resignation. Document 460 The Associated Press May 18, 1994, Wednesday, PM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 325 words HEADLINE: Thousands Pay Homage to Victims of 1980 Kwangju Uprising BYLINE: By Y.J. AHN, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: KWANGJU, South Korea BODY: About 3,000 people, some holding flowers and anti-government banners, paid homage today to victims of the bloodiest uprising in recent Korean history. About 200 people died and 1,800 were wounded in the May 18, 1980 insurrection in Kwangju, a southern city 150 miles south of Seoul. Hundreds of thousands of Kwangju citizens had taken control of their city after driving out police. The ruling junta mobilized tanks and paratroopers and quelled the uprising in nine days. Some allege U.S. involvement. Families of the victims gathered today at Mangwoldong Cemetery, where they wept and wailed, offering prayers and flowers in front of their loved ones' tombs. Nearly 8,000 riot police were on hand, but there were no reports of violence. President Kim Young-sam sent a wreath of flowers. Most senior government officials stayed away. On Tuesday, 30,000 people rallied in central Kwangju, urging the government to bring to justice the two former presidents who ordered the uprising quashed. Many people are angry at Kim for not punishing former presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo. In Seoul on Tuesday night, police fired tear gas at 3,000 students trying to attack the homes of Chun and Roh. Protests broke out in nine other cities but no arrests or injuries were reported. When Kim took office as the first civilian president in more than three decades in early 1993, the Kwangju uprising was redefined as a "pro-democracy movement," but he refused to punish his predecessors. Some students accuse the United States of allowing the Korean military to crack down on the insurrection, an accusation Washington denies. A dispute has continued over whether the U.S. commander at the time approved the South Korean troop movements. Chun and Roh, then army major-generals, seized power in an internal military coup in late 1979 and established a junta to rule the country after the death of their mentor, President Park Chung-hee. Document 461 Copyright 1994 U.P.I. United Press International May 18, 1994, Wednesday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 175 words HEADLINE: South Koreans mark Kwangju uprising DATELINE: SEOUL, May 18 BODY: South Koreans held memorial ceremonies and prayer services Wednesday to mark the 14th anniversary of a bloody democracy uprising that killed nearly 200 people and injured almost 1, 000 people. More than 3,000 people were gathered at the Mangwol-dong cemetery to pay homage to the fallen heroes of the May 18, 1980 struggle for democracy, which occurred in Kwangju City 170 miles (274 km) south of Seoul. The cemetery is located outside the city. Students in Seoul and other cities gathered to mark the occasion, though the Kwangju uprising anniversary coincided with Buddha's Birthday, a public holiday. No serious disturbance was reported. The Kwangju uprising started to protest a sweeping crackdown on political opposition on May 17, 1980 by the military-dominated government, including the arrest of opposition leader Kim Dae-jung, who was born near the city. The protesters pushed police and military units out of the city and held the city for 10 days until crack Army troops moved in and regained control on 10 days later. Document 462 Copyright 1994 U.P.I. United Press International May 13, 1994, Friday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 302 words HEADLINE: S. Korea's two ex-presidents accused DATELINE: SEOUL, May 13 BODY: A group of South Korean dissidents filed complaints with prosecution authorities Friday demanding punishment for former Korean Presidents Chun Doo Hwan and Roh Tae Woo, as well as 33 former army officers, on charges of insurrection and murder. The complaints were filed by a civic committee convened to determine the truth of the 1980 Kwangju Democracy Uprising, and 321 people representing the families of those killed and injured in the incident, in which nearly 200 people died 1,000 others were hurt. In their complaints, the groups charge that ''Chun and the others they named, in a bid to usurp political power, arbitrarily mobilized army troops whose only mission is national defense, and massacred people in Kwangju on May 17-27, 1980.'' ''Their actions constitute insurrection and murder as they tried to suspend the constitution and subordinate laws by force, and topple legally established state organs,'' the group contended. Christian pastor Kim Sang-kun, a spokesman for the group, said the complaints were filed because the case will no longer be prosecutable beyond May next year, and those they accuse have never faced any criminal punishment. The Kwangju incident was triggered on May 18, when residents of the area staged protests against the arrest of opposition leader Kim Dae Jung the previous night. Kim was a strong contender for the Korean presidency following the assassination of President Park Chung-hee in October, 1979. The protesters drove police out of Kwangju and held the city for 10 days before crack army troops moved in and regained control. The incident opened the way for Chun, then an army major general, to rise to power. Chun retired from active duty some time after the Kwangju incident, and successfully ran for the South Korean presidency. Document 463 Copyright 1993 Inter Press Service Inter Press Service June 21, 1993, Monday LENGTH: 526 words HEADLINE: HUMAN RIGHTS-ASIA: BEST FOOT FORWARD IN NEPAL, KOREA BYLINE: by Ramon Isberto DATELINE: VIENNA, June 21 BODY: Two Asian countries, Nepal and South Korea, battling to come to grips with human rights, have been explaining to the World Conference on Human Rights progress being made and the difficulties still faced at home. Newly-democratic Nepal has made "great strides" towards improving the human rights situation in the country, said Nepal's Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala. But Nepali human rights groups said the country still had a way to go and Nepal faced the dilemma that afflicts virtually all newly-restored democracies: what to do with the worst human rights violators of the past. Under Nepal's 1990 Constitution, which was written after popular protests forced the King to give up his absolute power and restore democratic rule, the death penalty was abolished and fundamental freedoms and human rights were guaranteed all citizens. The country's laws are also being revised to incorporate human rights provisions and police forces are being re-trained, Koirala said. "There is not a single political prisoner in Nepal," he said proudly. Human rights groups, while agreeing that Nepalis now enjoy greater political freedoms and civil liberties such as freedom of speech and the press, said that in some important ways, the situation remained grim. "There has been no change in the pattern of human rights violations," said Gopal Siwakoti of the Katmandu-based International Institute for Human Rights, Environment and Development (INHURED). Police in Nepal still routinely torture detainees at virtually the same rate as before, he said. Siwakoti said one problem was the fact that the country's draconian security laws such as the National Security Act, the Treason Act and the Public Offense Act remain unchanged. The government's human rights posture has also been tarnishedby its rejection of a proposal to set up a national human rights commission. But the most basic factor, he argued, has been the government's failure to punish the worst violators of the old regime. "No one has been brought to justice," Siwakoti said. A similar dilemma, perhaps on a larger scale, faces South Korea which has former opposition leader Kim Young Sam as its first civilian president in decades. The new democratic government is facing enormous pressure to close the books on the 1980 Kwangju massacre in which independent estimates say up to 2,000 people were killed. Kim has reversed the findings of previous official inquiries that the uprising in that southern city was the work of communist agitators. The protesters are now officially referred to as pro-democracy forces and the government has offered to compensate the victims. But the offer has been spurned by human rights groups and the families of the victims. "Compensation is meaningless unless the guilty are punished," said Sung Tae Kim of the International Korean Alliance for Peace and Democracy (IKAPD). Such action, however, would directly or indirectly involve several top military leaders and two former Korean presidents, Roh Tae Woo and Chun Doo Hwan who, as commander of the army, were in charge of the forces who inflicted death and destruction at Kwangju. Document 464 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 31, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 520 words HEADLINE: SKorean police detain 44 rioters in raid on two campuses DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: SEOUL, May 31 - South Korean police Monday carried out a predawn raid on two university campuses, detaining 44 alleged student radicals and seizing enough firebombs to fill four trucks, police said. The government, meanwhile, decided to take firm legal action against those taking part in violent demonstrations, officials said, in the first such move since President Kim Young-Sam took office in February. Choi Hwan, a prosecution officer in charge of public security, said charges would be pressed against those taking part in illegal violent protests or those attempting to make contact with North Korean students. Nearly 2,000 riot police mounted the raid on student union offices at Korea and Yonsei University campuses after nearly 50,000 students clashed with police in the streets of Seoul Saturday. The police detained 44 alleged dissidents, but they failed to arrest Kim Jae-Yong, chairman of the Korean Federation of University Student Councils (Hanchongnyon), and Kim Byong-Sam, chairman of the Hanchongnyon Fatherland Unification Committee on charges of violating the National Security Law. The dissident leaders were wanted on charges of violating the draconian security law for allegedly holding illegal telephone conversations with North Korean students early Saturday. The search and arrest warrants were the first issued against student activists since President Kim took office in February as the first civilian president in three decades. The demonstrations Saturday turned violent after police attacked unarmed students marching through the streets of Seoul, eyewitnesses said. Later in the day, thousands of students, now armed with steel pipes, battled their way into the neighborhood of former presidents Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan. But thousands of police in riot gear backed by armoured cars firing tear gas blocked the students from making a "citizens' arrest" of the two, whom they allege ordered the 1980 Kwangju crackdown which left 200 dissidents dead. In one of the most serious clashes, students disarmed some 40 riot policemen and burned their equipment. The students gathered in Seoul to attend the founding Friday of Hanchongyon to replace the more radical nationwide Chondaehyup federation which dispanded in March. Student dissidents and opposition groups have been demanding the government investigate the two former presidents, both onetime army generals who led a 1979 coup d'etat, for their role in the Kwangju crackdown. But Kim, while honoring the victims of the Kwangju massacre, has urged the public to forgive those responsible. Document 465 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 29, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 587 words HEADLINE: Riot police attack student marchers DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: SEOUL, May 29 - Thousands of riot police on Saturday fired tear gas and charged 40,000 students chanting political slogans as they marched through the main streets of Seoul toward the U.S. Embassy and the presidential mansion. Many students were beaten up by riot police brandishing truncheons and shields, while others squatted down for hours in the streets since their march was blocked by police, witnesses said, adding that the students did not fight back. The students chanted such slogans as "Punish Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo ," two former army generals turned presidents alleged to have ordered a 1980 military crackdown on the Kwangju uprising, which left 200 dissidents dead. The students also denounced the U.S. military commander in Korea for authorizing army troops to put down the rebellion. The students tried to persuade people on the street to join the march while police made repeated announcements urging the public to leave the place. Some of the onlookers loudly protested against the use of force by riot police in full gear, while students chanted "We are against violence." The students also wanted to march to the presidential mansion to ask President Kim Young-Sam, who has asked for "forgiveness" for those behind the Kwangju massacre, to reopen an investigation into the incident. Before taking to the streets, the students held a rally at the Korean University campus, where leaders made "illegal" telephone contacts with North Korean student representatives. The students have formed a group called the Pan -National Students Union For National Unification. Kim Byong-Bin, president of the All Student Councils Association (Hanchongyon), announced at the rally that South and North Korean representatives would meet at the truce village of Panmunjom on June 12 to prepare for the pan-national congress on August 15, national independence day. National police said Kim and 10 other student leaders who held telephone conversations with their North Korean counterparts would be arrested for violating the National Security Law that bans unauthorized contact with North Koreans. Previous student attempts to go to Panmunjom to meet with their northern counterparts have been in vain. The students launched a sit-in in downtown Seoul after the police blocked their peaceful march. However, increasing numbers of students were rallying to Yonheedong main street as thousands of students armed with steel pipes and rocks clashed fiercely with riot police, witnesses said. They added that the students and riot police were pounding each other amid a cloud of tear gas. The witnesses also said that every access to the houses of Chun and Roh had been blocked by garbage trucks. js/mc Document 466 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 29, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 520 words HEADLINE: Riot police charge student marchers in Seoul DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: SEOUL, May 29 - Thousands of riot police Saturday fired volleys of tear gas and baton-charged some 40,000 students marching through the main streets of Seoul towards the U.S. Embassy and the presidential mansion. Many students were beaten up by riot police brandishing truncheons and shields, while others squatted down for hours in the streets, as their march was blocked by riot police, witnesses said. Some 10,000 students later Saturday clashed with riot police protecting the homes of former presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo whom the students allege ordered a 1980 crackdown on dissidents in the southeastern city of Kwangju, which left some 200 dissidents dead. The students, armed with steel pipes and chanting slogans such as "Punish Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo," fought their way through clouds of tear gas to within about 500 meters (yards) of the former leaders' homes. Both Chun and Roh were also army generals. The students also denounced the U.S. military commander in South Korea at the time of the massacre for allegedly authorizing South Korean troops under his operational control to put down the Kwangu rebellion. The students were in Seoul to attend the formal launching Friday of the Korea All Student Councils Association. The clashes Saturday were the most violent since President Kim Young-Sam took office in February as the country's first civilian president in three decades. The students were demanding that Kim reopen an investigation into the Kwangju incident even though Kim has asked for "forgiveness" for those who ordered the military crackdown. Before taking to the streets, the students rallied at Korea University, where their leaders made illegal telephone calls with North Korean student representatives in Hong Kong to discuss the formation of a joint student alliance. Kim Byong-Bin, president of the Korea All Student Councils Association, announced at a rally that South and North Korean representatives would try to meet at the truce village of Panmunjom on June 12 to prepare for a "pan -national congress" on August 15, national independence day. But national police said Kim and 10 other student leaders, who held telephone conversations with their North Korean counterparts, would be arrested for violating the national security law, which bans unauthorized contact with North Korea. In past years, students have been blocked by police from going to Panmunjom to meet with their North Korean counterparts. Document 467 The Associated Press May 29, 1993, Saturday, PM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 329 words HEADLINE: 40,000 Students Battle Riot Police DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Thousands of students shouting "Yankees go home" staged violent clashes today after police firing tear gas blocked 40,000 students from marching on the U.S. Embassy. It was the largest street protest in the capital since President Kim Young-sam took office in February. Dozens of riot police and students were injured, but an exact overall figure was not immediately available. Protesters said they had planned to deliver a statement to the embassy demanding an apology from Washington for allegedly condoning a government crackdown in the southern city of Kwangju in 1980. "Punish Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo," students chanted to drums and gongs. Some shouted, "Execute Roh. Execute Chun." Students charge that Chun and Roh, as generals, ordered troops to shoot civilians in Kwangju after seizing power in an army coup. They have demanded an investigation and are angry at President Kim Young-sam's appeal to forgive those responsible. By official count, about 200 people were killed and more than 2,000 others injured or wounded in the Kwangju uprising, the bloodiest in modern Korean history. At one point, students overpowered about 100 riot police and kicked them and beat them with steel pipes. Police were forced to kneel on the pavement and insulted, then were released after being disarmed. In another clash, police kicked and trampled students as they battled 1,000 students acting as the vangard to reach the embassy a few blocks away. Thousands of students staged a sit-in on one downtown street. The U.S. Embassy compound was ringed with hundreds of combat-clad riot police backed up by armored multiple tear gas launchers. Some 30,000 other police were deployed throughout the capital around government buildings, subways and U.S. facilities. "Drive out Yankees!" students shouted, waving hundreds of flags and banners in a march through downtown. One student carried a large placard of the Stars and Stripes which he beat with his hands. Document 468 Copyright 1993 U.P.I. United Press International May 29, 1993, Saturday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 447 words HEADLINE: Korea students clash with police More than 40,000 stage march, clash with police DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: More than 40,000 students staged street marches and clashed with police in Seoul Saturday to protest a bloody crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising 13 years ago and to demand a U.S. apology for the incident. The students took action, defying about 20,000 police wearing helmets and armed with tear gas and batons. Police in Seoul were on alert and heavy guard was in effect around major government office buildings and the downtown U.S. Embassy compound. The protests were part of programs marking the inauguration of a new organization named the National Federation of University Student Associations. Students staged a ''Grand Peace March'' and then tried to march on toward their protest targets. The targets included the U.S. Embassy, the Presidential Palace and an area near the homes of ex-Presidents Chun Doo Hwan and Roh Tae Woo, whom the students charge were responsible for the 1980 blood bath in Kwangju 170 miles south of Seoul. The protesters were stopped by tear-gas firing police halfway to the U.S. Embassy, and then began a sit-down strike. Traffic on Chongro, one of the busiest streets in the capital, was blocked for three hours. The students chanted, ''Determine truth of Kwangju Bloodshed,'' ''Execute Chun Doo Hwan and Roh Tae Woo,'' and ''U.S., make public apology.'' The students contended that the United States was behind those who put down the Kwangju uprising. Police charged into the sit-downers under the support of tear gas volleys fired from armored vehicles. Students resisted, wielding iron pipes, and then dispersed only to regroup in smaller groups in other areas for more protest action, witnesses said. Scattered clashes continued into the night. In one of the street battles students overpowered a group of police officers and burned shields, clubs and helmets seized from them, witnesses said. There were no immediate official reports but witnesses reported a number of arrests and injuries during the protest actions. It was the second student protest in two days. Friday afternoon about 4,000 students battled police in a western sector of the city in an attempt to storm the homes of the two former presidents. Before the march Saturday, student leaders had a ''telephone conference'' with North Korean student representatives in Beijing and another group of youths in Japan and agreed on a series of steps to promote ties between South and North Koreans students, a spokesman for the new student federation said. Authorities said those who engaged in the unauthorized telephone conference with North Koreans will be prosecuted for violation of the National Security Law. Document 469 Copyright 1993 U.P.I. United Press International May 29, 1993, Saturday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 239 words HEADLINE: More than 40,000 stage march, clash with police DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: More than 40,000 students staged street marches and clashed with police in Seoul Saturday to protest a bloody crackdown on a pro-democracy uprising 13 years ago and to demand a U.S. apology for the incident. The students took action, defying about 20,000 police wearing helmets and armed with tear gas and batons. Police in Seoul were on alert and heavy guard was in effect around major government office buildings and the downtown U.S. Embassy compound. The protests were part of programs marking the inauguration of a new organization named the National Federation of University Student Associations. Students staged a ''Grand Peace March'' and then tried to march on toward their protest targets. The targets included the U.S. Embassy, the Presidential Palace and an area near the homes of ex-Presidents Chun Doo Hwan and Roh Tae Woo, whom the students charge were responsible for the 1980 blood bath in Kwangju 170 miles south of Seoul. The protesters were stopped by tear-gas firing police halfway to the U.S. Embassy, and then began a sit-down strike. Traffic on Chongro, one of the busiest streets in the capital, was blocked for three hours. The students chanted, ''Determine truth of Kwangju Bloodshed,'' ''Execute Chun Doo Hwan and Roh Tae Woo,'' and ''U.S., make public apology.'' The students contended that the United States was behind those who put down the Kwangju uprising. Document 470 The Xinhua General Overseas News Service MAY 29, 1993, SATURDAY LENGTH: 154 words HEADLINE: south korean students demand investigation into kwangju incident DATELINE: seoul, may 29; ITEM NO: 0 BODY: about 30,000 students from 187 universities staged a massive demonstration here today demanding investigation into the kwangju incident which took place 13 years ago. the two-hour demonstration endorsed by the police was organized by the south korean national federation of university student associations. 'tell the truth about the kwangju massacre and punish the murderers,' the students shouted during the demonstration. the students wanted to march to the houses of ex-presidents chun doo hwan and roh tae woo demanding punishment of those responsible for the 1980 bloodshed in kwangju, 272 km south of seoul. the official count put the number of killed at kwangju at about 200, but some students say the death toll was much higher. the demonstrators clashed with police in some sectors of the city and the police fired tear gas to disperse students. two students were injured and over 10 others arrested. Document 471 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 28, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 414 words HEADLINE: Some 10,000 student 'commandos' clash with South Korean police DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: SEOUL, May 28 - Some 10,000 student "arrest commandos" clashed with riot police for a second straight day Friday as they unsuccessfully tried to reach the homes of two former South Korean presidents, witnesses said. Some 30 students and riot police were reported injured. There were no reported arrests. As riot police fired tear gas to block the dissident students from reaching the houses of former presidents Chun Doo-Hwan and Roh Tae-Woo in western Seoul, the students battled back by throwing rocks and brandishing steel pipes. Calling themselves "arrest commandos," they said they wanted to arrest the two former South Korean leaders. But after being stopped, they squatted in a major street, blocking traffic completely for several hours and chanting such slogans as "Punish Chun and Roh!" for their alleged role in the 1980 military crackdown on the Kwangju uprising. The police measures then left some 200 anti-government demonstrators dead. The demonstrating students later joined some 30,000 students gathered at the Korea University campus in eastern Seoul to celebrate the formation of their new Korea All Student Councils Association (Hanchonyon), which replaced the more radical and left-leaning student organization, Chondaehyop. Chondaehyop had led a series of violent anti-government demonstrations during the Chun and Roh regimes. Hanchonyon representatives said they would try to make telephone contact with North Korean student leaders during the rally to hold discussions among representatives of the Pan-National Youth Students League for Reunification. They said they would also try to meet North Korean student leaders at the truce village of Panmunjom on June 12 to set up a fraternal relationship. But South Korean national police threatened to arrest student leaders if they contacted their North Korean counterparts by telephone, saying that violated the National Security Law banning pro-communist activities. Some 10,000 riot police were deployed outside the Korea University campus. Document 472 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 18, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 640 words HEADLINE: Thousands demonstrate for punishment of architects of 1980 crackdown DATELINE: KWANGJU BODY: KWANGJU, South Korea, May 18 - About 50,000 South Korean students and dissidents rallied here Tuesday to demand punishment for the architects of a 1980 army crackdown that left 200 people dead in this southeastern city. Meanwhile, President Kim Young-Sam, in a first for a head of state, sent a wreath to a memorial service at Mangwol-Dong cemetery where the victims of the Kwangju massacre -- as it is called here -- are buried. In another first, Kwangju Mayor Chang Yong-Ki gave a eulogy at the memorial service, praising the Kwangju movement for helping "genuine democracy take root in the country." The demonstrators, many bearing signs reading "U.S. apologize" and "Punish Chun and Roh," packed the cemetery and its surrounding area as well as the plaza in front of the provincial government building. Dissidents here and in Seoul have demanded that the government punish two former presidents, Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan, for allegedly ordering the crackdown 13 years ago when they were army generals. On May 18, 1980, crack paratroopers moved to quash dissident rallies in Kwangju, 280 kilometers (150 miles) south of Seoul, triggering a week of violent street fighting that left 200 dead and around 2,000 injured. National Korean Federation of Student Associations spokesman Shin Chang -Hyun told a press conference in Seoul that a 1,000-strong "special arrest commando," backed by supporters, would later in the day march from Yonsei University to the neighborhood where the two former presidents live to "arrest" them. But the deployment of hundreds of riot police, backed by tear-gas-equipped armoured cars, around the campus and the former presidents' neighborhood made the success of such an act unlikely, observers said. Shin said the students would not use firebombs, steel pipes or rocks against police, even if fired upon by tear gas. He added that the student federation also wanted an apology from the United States, which, as overall commander of U.N. Command forces here, was allegedly responsible for allowing frontline South Korean troops to leave their positions to quash the Kwangju movement. The dissident movement has largely abstained from violent protests since the February inauguration of Kim, a former opposition leader and South Korea's first civilian president in three decades. Kim said last week that the criminal records of the more than 400 dissidents convicted by martial law courts would be wiped clean and a park and monument would be built on the site of the provincial government building here, scene of fierce fighting in 1980. He praised the Kwangju movement as a "pro-democracy movement" that made it possible for his civilian administration to come to power. But his refusal to open an investigation into those responsible for ordering the crackdown has angered many Kwangju residents and the dissident community. Some 30,000 dissidents and students rallied here late Monday to demand a fresh investigation into the 1980 crackdown and punish Roh and Chun. About 5 ,000 rallied here Sunday and hundreds of students clashed briefly with police. Document 473 The Associated Press May 18, 1993, Tuesday, AM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 369 words HEADLINE: Police Fight Hand-to-Hand Battle with Students BYLINE: By PAUL SHIN, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Riot police fought hand-to-hand battles Tuesday with thousands of students trying to march to the homes of two former presidents to demand an inquiry into the bloody crackdown on a civil uprising in 1980. At least two dozen students were injured Tuesday. They were the most violent clashes since President Kim Young-sam, South Korea's first civilian president, took office in February. The clashes began as 4,000 students tried to march from Yonsei University in western Seoul to mark the 13th anniversary of the May 18, 1980, pro-democracy uprising in the southern city of Kwangju. "Punish Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo - main culprits of the Kwangju massacre," the students shouted. Students contend that former Presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo were responsible for the 1980 military crackdown in Kwangju, which left about 200 people dead and 2,000 others wounded, by official count. They say Chun and Roh, then army generals, ordered troops to shoot civilians in Kwangju. Both former presidents have denied it. As about 1,000 riot police moved in to block the march, fighting broke out. Students kicked and punched, and police pummeled students with clubs and shields. Several students, bleeding heavily from their heads and faces, were taken to a hospital. About 200 students using steel pipes broke open police lines and raced to the nearby residential area where the former presidents both have homes, not far from each other. Police fired volleys of tear gas to drive other students back. After nightfall, about 1,500 students confronted about 2,000 riot police in an area about 300 yards from the homes of the two former presidents. Police dispersed the protesters with tear gas. In Kwangju, about 30,000 citizens rallied in the city center and thousands of mourners visited a cemetery where victims of the 1980 bloodshed are buried. For the first time in 13 years, government officials attended ceremonies in the cemetery. "We are here to honor the dear victims and cherish their dedication to democracy," said Mayor Kang Young-ki. The rally in Kwangju and street marches that followed were peaceful. The anniversary ended with a candlelight march through the city center. Document 474 Copyright 1993 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire MAY 18, 1993, TUESDAY LENGTH: 138 words HEADLINE: Korean share prices rise DATELINE: SEOUL, MAY 18 Kyodo BODY: Share prices gained at the Korean Stock Exchange for the second straight day on Tuesday, reports Yonhap. The Leading composite stock price index was up 5.44 points over Monday to finish at 722.61. Market analysts said the rise was attributable to the obliteration of the fear about sudden introduction of the real name financial transactions system, swelling players' deposits and quiet observance of the kwangju incident anniversary. Trading was brisk, as well. Some 47 million shares changed hands. Advancing issues more than doubled decreasers 462 to 208 with 177 others remaining unchanged. Among the rare major issues that declined were paper and short-term financing. And those that gained conspicuously included steel, nonferrous metal, prefabricated metal, electric machinery and transport equipment. Document 475 Copyright 1993 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire MAY 18, 1993, TUESDAY LENGTH: 247 words HEADLINE: Kwangju mayor attends memorial for '80 victims DATELINE: SEOUL, May 18 Kyodo BODY: The mayor of Kwangju, Ghang Yong Ki, joined 5,000 people Tuesday in memorial services for victims of the military suppression of the May 1980 Kwangju uprising. It was first time in 13 years that a Kwangju mayor has attended the services at Mangwol-dong Cemetery outside of the city in South Cholla Province. President Kim Young Sam, heading up South Korea's first civilian administration in more than 30 years, sent a wreath -- the first time a chief executive has marked the event. The services also were broadcast nationwide for the first time. People attending the memorial services hailed the uprising as the force behind South Korea's democratic struggles of the 1980s. Others accused Kim of obscuring the facts of the incident with his measures to compensate and restore honor of the victims. Participants adopted a resolution calling for clarification of the incident, abolition of all guilty verdicts from military trials against the demonstrators, and creation of a special prosecutor to investigate the incident. In May 1980, protesters demonstrated in Kwangju demanding an end to martial law and the release of dissident leader Kim Dae Jung, who had been arrested for 'creating social unrest' and was later sentenced to death. Nearly 200 citizens and protesters, by official government count, were killed when the military moved in to quell the uprising. South Korean dissidents and families of the victims claim the death toll was much higher. Document 476 Copyright 1993 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire MAY 18, 1993, TUESDAY LENGTH: 214 words HEADLINE: Kyodo news summary -4- DATELINE: TOKYO, May 18 Kyodo BODY: -- Both champion Katsuya Onizuka of Japan and South Korean challenger Lim Jae Shin passed the physical examination for their World Boxing Association junior bantamweight championship fight scheduled for Tokyo on Friday. -- The body of Nepalese opposition leader Madan Kumar Bhandari was found in a river, 48 hours after his jeep crashed off a mountain road, the Home Ministry said. -- A member of the now-defunct Japanese rock group 'Monta and Brothers' was handed a 30-month suspended prison sentence for drug abuse at Yokohama District Court. -- The mayor of Kwangju, Ghang Yong Ki, joined 5,000 people in memorial services for victims of the military suppression of the May 1980 Kwangju uprising. -- Yokozuna Akebono had little trouble in pushing out No. 3 maegashira Kotonishiki to extend his winning streak to 10 on the 10th day of the Summer Grand Sumo Tournament. -- North Korea is confident that reunification of the Korean Peninsula can be achieved before the end of the decade, North Korean Foreign Minister Kim Yong Nam said in Jakarta. -- What's the best way to refer to a woman in Japanese? That is a question that was vexing the Japanese government as its mostly male members pondered how best to write the word in official documents and laws. Document 477 Copyright 1993 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire MAY 17, 1993, MONDAY LENGTH: 314 words HEADLINE: S. Korea to honor, compensate Kwangju uprising victims DATELINE: SEOUL, May 17 Kyodo BODY: The South Korean government on Monday announced measures to restore honor and compensate victims of the Kwangju uprising in which hundreds of pro-democratic demonstrators were killed or wounded in the military suppression of the protests. The government said that by the end of the month it would designate a memorial day, eliminate police records of those involved in the uprising, call off the search for identified protesters, and arrange continued medical care for the victims. President Kim Young Sam, heading up South Korea's first civilian government in more than 30 years, said last week the May 1980 uprising served as the basis for democracy in South Korea and announced plans for the measures and a desire to heal the scars of the past. In mid-May 1980, thousands of protesters demonstrated in the southwest Korean city demanding an end to martial law and the release of dissident leader Kim Dae Jung, who had been arrested for 'creating social unrest' and was later sentenced to death. The military, under the direction of Gen. Chun Doo Hwan, moved in to quell the uprising, resulting in the deaths of nearly 200 citizens by official count. South Korean dissidents and families of the victims claim the death toll was over 1,000. The cabinet decided Monday on the measures in its meeting, presided over by President Kim. According to Yonhap News Agency, Kim reportedly emphasized that the civilian administration was an extension of the Kwangju movement but added, 'We have to think about the future, 10 and 20 years from now.' 'We cannot afford to abandon our future because of current emotions. We cannot forget, but we can forgive,' Yonhap reported Kim as saying. The government also decided that a second phase of measures would be completed by the end of July, including accepting follow-up reports from the victims and their families. Document 478 Copyright 1993 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire MAY 17, 1993, MONDAY LENGTH: 213 words HEADLINE: Kyodo news summary -5- DATELINE: TOKYO, May 17 Kyodo BODY: -- The South Korean government announced measures to restore honor and compensate victims of the Kwangju uprising in which hundreds of pro-democratic demonstrators were killed or wounded in the military suppression of the protests. -- Japanese Self-Defense Forces peacekeepers in Cambodia may use their weapons to protect Japanese civilians and other nationals, government spokesman Yohei Kono said. -- Foreign ministers representing 12 Latin American nations voiced support for Japan's bid to become a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council, a Foreign Ministry official said. -- Hong Kong Gov. Chris Patten said economic prosperity in the enclave can be sustained beyond 1997 when China resumes sovereignty provided Beijing allows Hong Kong to remain a free and open society. -- A Bulgarian parliamentary leader asked Japan for financial assistance to help his nation make up a 3 billion dollar trade loss due to U.N. economic sanctions on Bosnia-Herzegovina, a Foreign Ministry official said. -- North Korea said the United States has shown an encouraging response to its call for talks on the nuclear issue. -- As many as 39 large clear plastic balloons bearing the Korean hangul script reportedly landed in nine prefectures in central Japan. Document 479 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 16, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 1214 words HEADLINE: Sunday, May 16 (since 1500 GMT Saturday) BODY: a widely discredited referendum, as Serb units were reported to have shattered a ceasefire in a furious assault on the town of Brcko. Moslem lines around Brcko, located in northeastern Bosnia, came under a day-long three -pronged assault from Bosnian Serb forces, Sarajevo radio reported. BANGUI: Mutinous troops from the Central African Republic ended their rebellion over back pay peacefully Saturday, laying down their arms after receiving payments, sources close to the rebels said. One person died in the short-lived rebellion when troops surrounded the presidential palace and the radio station early Saturday to press their demands for eight months of back pay. OTTAWA: Tens of thousands of protesters chanted and rallied here against government economic policies they blame for Canada's rising unemployment rate. Demonstrators shouted "Jobs now!" at the peaceful rally at Parliament Hill, the largest demonstration in Canada since 1981. The protest came just weeks ahead of the ruling Progressive Conservative Party's selection of a candidate to succeed Prime Minister Brian Mulroney until general elections later this year. ABIDJAN: Peace talks between the Angolan government and the armed UNITA opposition could collapse unless the rebels compromise on troop withdrawal, a senior government negotiator warned. His remarks came as Angolan state radio reported at least 150 people had been seriously wounded in heavy UNITA shelling of Kuito, the main town of the central-southern province of Bie. GAZA CITY, Occupied Gaza Strip: More than 60 Palestinians were wounded and four Israeli soldiers were hurt in a grenade attack during violent protests marking Israel's creation 45 years ago, Palestinian and Israeli sources reported. MOSCOW: Nine people died and 16 were injured when a helicopter carrying a group of international scientists crashed in fog in Siberia, the Russian news agency Postfactum reported. Three French nationals were among those killed and another five were wounded in the accident when a helicopter chartered by the "Transsibering" ethnographic expedition came down by the Chukchi Sea near the Arctic circle, said a spokesman for the French embassy in Moscow. mla/vs ANKARA: Prime Minister Suleyman Demirel was elected President of Turkey Sunday on the third round of voting in parliament. Demirel received 244 votes, a clear majority of the parliament's 450 members. Leader of the True Path Party , Demirel, 68, has been premier since November 1991. He succeeds Turgut Ozal who died in April SARAJEVO: Bosnian Serbs looked set to reject a peace plan for the former Yugoslav republic on the last day of a two-day referendum, as Serb forces continued sporadic shelling around the northeastern Bosnian town of Brcko. Early referendum soundings in the Serb-held town of Modrica in northern Bosnia indicated near unanimous backing for a "no" to the Vance-Owen plan, which would divide the country into 10 semi autonomous regions. They appeared set to give a massive "yes" to the creation of an independent Serbian mini-state in Bosnia -Hercegovina. MOSCOW: Russia and the mediators of the conflict in former Yugoslavia called here for additional U.N. forces to be deployed in Bosnia to help begin implementing the Vance-Owen peace plan. "What is needed today is to start progressively to implement the Vance-Owen plan," Russian Foreign Minister Andrei Kozyrev told reporters following talks with the chairmen of the Yugoslav peace process, Lord Owen and Thorvald Stoltenberg. GAZA CITY, Occupied Gaza Strip: Two Israeli merchants and two Palestinian farmers were killed Sunday in the bloodiest attack since the Gaza Strip was sealed in March, while a baby was shot dead in clashes between troops and demonstrators. The PLO's mainstream group Fatah and the rival Moslem fundamentalist Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS) claimed responsibility for the attack in an unprecedented joint statement. KWANGJU, South Korea: About 500 South Korean dissident students attacked a police station here with firebombs, two days before the anniversary of a 1980 military crackdown which left 200 dissidents dead, eyewitnesses said. The students hurled firebombs and tore down a wire fence around the station, but up to 400 riot police held them off with tear gas. Earlier some 5,000 South Korean dissidents and students rallied to demand an investigation of two former presidents for allegedly ordering the 1980 Kwangju massacre. MOSCOW: Eight people died in a helicopter crash in Siberia, organizers said, adding that efforts to fly several passengers seriously burned in the crash to Moscow were being hampered by bad weather. The crash, in the Chukotka region near the Arctic Circle, injured 13 people, including five French nationals, one of them an journalist, and eight Russians. Two French journalists and one Swiss were among the eight who died, the co-organizers, the Geneva-based watchmaking company Longines said. DAKAR: The vice-president of Senegal's constitutional court, which organized recent legislative elections and is to confirm‎ their results, was assassinated here, reliable sources reported. They said Babacar Seye was in his official car as it travelled along the coast when another vehicle pulled alongside it carrying a gunmen who opened fire. "This odious and ignoble killing," said a government communique, was a "serious perversion of political behaviour." JOHANNESBURG: At least ten people were killed in violence across the country, with three South African soldiers arrested after an attack that left three blacks dead, police said. Five blacks were killed in a cold-blooded "execution" in Natal province, and three others were mown down when off-duty soldiers allegedly opened fire on a minibus taxi, they said. ABIDJAN: The United Nations called on Angola's UNITA rebels to sign a peace protocol here and suspended negotiations between the rebels and the Angolan government, a U.N. spokesman said. Joao Albuquerque, spokesman for the U.N. special envoy to Angola Margaret Anstee, said U.N. Secretary General Boutros Boutros-Ghali had sent a "personal message" to this effect to UNITA leader Jonas Savimbi. Document 480 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 16, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 467 words HEADLINE: Dissident students attack police station DATELINE: KWANGJU BODY: KWANGJU, South Korea, May 16 - About 500 South Korean dissident students Sunday attacked a local police station here with firebombs, two days before the anniversary of a 1980 military crackdown which left 200 dissidents dead, eyewitnesses said. The students, all from Kwangju, hurled firebombs and tore down a wire fence around the station, but up to 400 riot police held them off with tear gas. No injuries were reported. Earlier some 5,000 South Korean dissidents and students from all over the country rallied here to demand an investigation of two former presidents for allegedly ordering the 1980 Kwangju massacre. Shouting "Punish Roh Tae-Woo and Chun Doo-Hwan," the protestors marched through downtown Kwangju, 280 kilometers (170 miles) south of here, just two days before the anniversary of the beginning of a military crackdown on protestors 13 years ago which left some 200 people dead. Police largely kept their distance, as the three-month-old administration of President Kim Young-Sam, the country's first civilian president in three decades, has sought to placate the dissident community by recognizing the Kwangju movement as a "pro-democracy movement." In an apparent bid to cool passions on the eve of an anniversary traditionally marked by widespread protests, Kim last week also vowed to set up a monument and park marking the event and to exonerate those convicted of rebellion by military courts after the crackdown. However, Kim urged citizens to forgive those believed to be responsible for ordering troops to open fire in 1980. The call was rejected by dissidents and students who believe Chun and his colleage Roh, then top army commanders who had seized power months before in a coup, were responsible for ordering the crackdown. Some 80 students and police were injured here on May 10 in clashes between about 1,000 students and riot police in the only such major clash so far this year. About 3,000 students and dissidents marched peacefully in Seoul on Saturday to demand punishment for Roh and Chun. The demonstrations are expected to reach a climax on Tuesday, but analysts believe they will be more subdued than in the past. Document 481 Copyright 1993 U.P.I. United Press International May 15, 1993, Saturday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 333 words HEADLINE: Rally demands truths of Kwangju tragedy DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: About 3,000 students and dissidents held a rally and a street march Saturday to commemorate a pro-democracy uprising 13 years ago that killed nearly 200 people and injured 1,000 others by an official count. The day's program was sponsored by the National Alliance for Democracy and Unification of Korea, a hard-core dissident group whose leadership includes the Rev. Moon Ik-hwan, who was in prison until recently for secretly visiting North Korea. The participants addressed an open letter to President Kim Young-sam and demanded that full truths of the uprising in Kwangju, 170 miles south of Seoul, be determined and those who caused the bloodshed be brought to justice. ''While saying that his government is an outgrowth of the Kwangju democracy movement, President Kim is turning his face away from the facts of the tragedy,'' the letter said. ''For the sake of justice, the full truths must be brought out and those responsible must by punished by all means.'' Following the rally at a park the participants marched 1 miles to another downtown park as 2,500 police watched warily. The event was peaceful. On May 18, 1980, residents of Kwangju exploded into a revolt to protest a blanket government crackdown on the opposition, including the arrest of Kim Dae Jung and other political leaders. The rebels held the city for 10 days but were finally crushed by army troops. Thursday, President Kim announced a series of measures to glorify the Kwangju uprising, including rewards for those who suffered for taking part in it. He said criminal records will be erased for those convicted of participation in the struggle and compensation will be made to those who have not yet received amends. News reports said various commemorative programs were under way in Kwangju taken part by its residents as well as students from other cities. Authorities said peaceful demonstrations will be allowed during the commemoration period lasting until Tuesday. Document 482 The Xinhua General Overseas News Service MAY 15, 1993, SATURDAY LENGTH: 284 words HEADLINE: kim rules out further probe of 1980 kwangju uprising DATELINE: seoul, may 15; ITEM NO: 0 BODY: south korean president kim young-sam has ruled out a further investigation and punishment of those responsible for the bloody suppression of the kwangju movement 13 years ago. according to a presidential aide, kim said saturday that there should be no political vendettas in south korea and that 'it is time now for us to move on, letting history take over the investigative role.' the president was commenting on demands by the opposition democratic party and organizations in kwangju that the government undertake another probe to find out who was responsible for the killing of approximately 150 demonstrators and the wounding of 2,000 more. on may 18, 1980, approximately 300,000 people in kwangju, capital of south korea's cholla nam province, staged a large-scale demonstration against the 'dictatorship' of the chon du hwan administration. on thursday, when kim fully restored the honor of participants in the civil uprising, he said in a televised statement that 'the kwangju democratic movement must be justly appraised and recorded in history.' he promised that his government would offer compensation for relatives of the dead, missing and injured and expunge the criminal records of those accused for their participation in the movement. however, tensions mounted saturday as opposition and student groups dissatisfied with the president's statement planned to hold rallies to commemorate the 13th anniversary of the movement. these rallies are scheduled to last from saturday to next friday in order to press demands for further investigation of those responsible for the military suppression of the movement and for punishment of those who carried out the shooting and killing. Document 483 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 14, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 320 words HEADLINE: Dissidents, students planning to mark Kwangju massacre DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: SEOUL, May 14 - Dissidents and students plan to stage rallies across South Korea from this weekend to mark the May 18 anniversary of the 1980 Kwangju massacre, organizers said Friday. President Kim Young-Sam, calling the Kwangju uprising a pro-democracy movement, announced Thursday that his administration would exonerate hundreds of convicted rioters. But his appeal for "forgiveness" for those guilty of ordering troops to open fire was rejected by dissident groups. Chung Dong-Nyon, chairman of the May 18 Kwangju Popular Uprising Association, was quoted in press reports as criticizing Kim's measures because he showed no intent to investigate those responsible for the deaths of some 200 dissidents and students at the hands of troops. Chonkukyonhap, the National Federation of Student Associations, said it expected several thousand people at a rally in Seoul Saturday to observe the uprising, and demand an investigation and punishment for those who quashed it. Rallies are also scheduled in other cities, including the southeastern city of Kwangju itself, while the National Council of University Student Unions has declared May 15-22 a commemorative week and plans a variety of events, including photo exhibits. The rallies are expected to reach a climax Monday and Tuesday, the anniversary of the day paratroopers attacked dissident protestors in Kwangju in 1980, triggering a week of street fighting. The Kwangju massacre paved the way for then army general Chun Doo-Hwan to take control of a military-civilian junta and eventually become president of the country. Document 484 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 13, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 574 words HEADLINE: Kim offers to settle 1980 Kwangju massacre controversy DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: SEOUL, May 13 - South Korean President Kim Young-Sam Thursday proposed a settlement to the controversy surrounding the bloody 1980 Kwangju uprising by defining it as a pro-democracy movement and promising to exonerate convicted rioters. In a nationally broadcast address, the president however rejected a demand by Kwangju people that a full investigation be opened to find out and punish those who ordered troops to open fire, killing some 200 anti-government demonstrators. He said "the honour of participants in the movement will be fully restored" by wiping out their conviction records, but appealed for "forgiveness" to those guilty of perpetrating the massacre "for the sake of national reconciliation." "The blood that Kwangju shed in May 1980 became the fertilizer for Korean democracy," he said. "Our government of today is a democratic government standing on the extension of the Kwangju pro-democracy movement." But analysts, noting that Kim's proposal contained little that was new, expressed concerns that students and dissidents would once again stage violent street demonstrations around the May 18 anniversary of the uprising. The opposition Democratic Party is demanding formation of a special national assembly committee to investigate the whole truth behind the incident, a probe which analysts believe could lead to former authoritarian president Chun Doo-Hwan. The Kwangju massacre paved the way for then-army general Chun to take control of a military-civilian junta and eventually become president of the country by elbowing out caretaker president Choi Kyu-Ha in August 1980. Kim, South Korea's first civilian president in three decades, proposed building a 125 million dollar memorial park and monument in downtown Kwangju, the site of week-long bitter fighting between martial law troops and insurgents which began on May 18. He also said a committee would be set up headed by the prime minister to offer monetary compensation to some 2,000 people wounded during the rebellion. In his nationwide address, Kim, a longtime opposition politician, recalled that Chun placed him under house arrest for three years and that he finally won freedom by starting a 23-day hunger strike timed with the third anniversary of the Kwangju uprising in 1983, enabling him to step up his fight for democracy. An official of the Federation of the Kwangju Democratic Movement said that there was nothing new to President Kim's proposed settlement and compared it to a similar proposal made by his predecessor, Roh Tae-Woo. He added that the key to a Kwangju settlement was to find out exactly who ordered the shooting and punish him. Roh also ruled the Kwangju incident a democratization movement and offered to compensate the victims, while Chun treated it as a rebellion, convicting rioters as insurgents. Document 485 The Associated Press May 13, 1993, Thursday, AM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 417 words HEADLINE: South Korean President Appeals To Forgive Past Bloodshed BYLINE: By KELLY SMITH TUNNEY, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: President Kim Young-sam moved to avert a political crisis Thursday with a plea to the nation to forgive bloodshed of the past. Indirectly, he asked forbearance for the two ex-generals who were his predecessors. His appeal came as public anger mounted over wrongdoing under the two previous, military-backed administrations. It also was timed with the anniversary of the May 18, 1980, military crackdown on a popular democracy movement in Kwangju, which left at least 200 people dead and hundreds wounded. "It takes great courage to forgive," Kim said over national television. "Only by so doing can we end the 13-year nightmare and heal the trauma." Former Presidents Chun Doo-hwan and Roh Tae-woo, military classmates, seized power in a 1979 coup. They were senior generals during the bloody Kwangju suppression and were accused by foes of complicity. Roh succeeded Chun as president in 1988. The coup and crackdown are highly emotional issues, politically charged for Koreans. Politicians in the past have been judged almost solely by how they view them. Initial public reaction to Kim's appeal was mixed. Many citizens support his desire to make peace with the past, but dissidents, radicals and opposition parties demanded anew that the two former presidents be punished. Police tightened security around the Roh and Chun homes in Seoul as radical students threatened to make a citizen's arrest and punish them. Kim has promised there will be no political retaliation and has tried to distance his government from past administrations. He is the first civilian president in three decades, but is from the same party as his predecessors, after switching over from opposition ranks. A 1988 parliamentary probe on the Kwangju incident failed to unveil full details. Kim's aides fear that a new probe, which would have to center on the two ex-presidents, would trigger a political crisis. On Monday, about 2,000 students clashed with riot police in Kwangju, 150 miles south of Seoul, demanding appointment of a special prosecutor for a new probe. About 80 people were injured. As a former dissident and opposition leader, Kim harshly criticized coup leaders, was placed under house arrest for three years and staged a 23-day hunger strike to honor the 1983 Kwangju anniversary. He appealed to the nation to end the cycle of hatred and confrontation and let history judge the past. He said Kwangju should be viewed as a monument on the difficult journey to democratic civilian rule. Document 486 Copyright 1993 Kyodo News Service Japan Economic Newswire MAY 13, 1993, THURSDAY LENGTH: 315 words HEADLINE: Kwangju incident led to democracy in S. Korea, Kim says DATELINE: SEOUL, May 13 Kyodo BODY: South Korean President Kim Young Sam said Thursday sacrifices made by a 1980 political movement in Kwangju 'cut open the path' to democracy in South Korea and the honor of its slain participants should be restored. But Kim said in a nationally televised speech he believes it is 'reasonable to let history determine the full truth' of the incident and rejected demands for an investigation. 'The Kwangju Democratization Movement must be eval‎uated fairly and correctly recorded in history,' Kim said. 'I believe that the trauma of Kwangju must be healed and the honor of the fighters for democracy vindicated.' Some 193 students and citizens were killed in a military crackdown in Kwangju when they staged a demonstration May 18-27, 1980, calling for the lifting of martial law and release of dissident leader Kim Dae Jung. The government had proclaimed martial law as a democracy movement flourished after the assassination of President Park Chung Hee in October 1979. President Kim said the government will 'actively support projects to long remember the spirit of the movement' and 'enhance its honorable character.' But the 'purpose of unearthing the truth about this bloodshed should not be to dig up the murky past and revive confrontation or to mete out punishment against specific persons,' he said. 'It is my firm conviction that the truth will eventually be revealed by history,' Kim said, and that people should 'end the cycle of hatred and confrontation.' 'I think that no more blood should be shed in retaliation for past wrongdoings,' he said. Opposition parties and citizens' groups criticized Kim's speech, saying to avoid finding the truth of the incident is irresponsible. The Democratic Party said in a statement it is disappointed because Kim's policy basically has not changed from the previous government led by President Roh Tae Woo. Document 487 Copyright 1993 U.P.I. United Press International May 13, 1993, Thursday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 447 words HEADLINE: President Kim announces measures to glorify uprising DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: President Kim Young-sam, hoping to heal a bitter memory that often triggers protests, announced a series of measures Thursday to glorify a pro-democracy uprising in a provincial city 13 years ago which killed nearly 200 people and injured about 1,000 others. Kim in a nationally televised speech said the pro-democracy uprising which erupted on May 18, 1980, in Kwangju 170 miles south of Seoul is ''a towering monument to our past difficult journey toward a democratic civilian rule.'' ''I want to make it clear that today's democratic government is an outgrowth of the Kwangju democratization movement,'' Kim said. ''The birth of this civilian government and its reforms are part of the process of realizing the historic significance of the movement.'' To vindicate the honor of people who took part in the movement, Kim said, criminal records will be erased for those convicted of participation in the uprising and those still on a police wanted list because of their roles in it will no longer be sought. The families of those who have not yet received due compensation will be given another opportunity to seek amends, Kim said, and those who were purged from their jobs will be reinstated. He said he will help build in Kwangju a monument and a park dedicated to the uprising. Under the past government compensations were made to the survivng victims and the bereaved families of the dead. There still smoulders bitterness and demands persist that those responsible for the deaths and injuries be singled out and punished. Kim called for forgiveness in this regard. He said if there still are doubts about exactly what happened in Kwangju truth eventually will be revealed by history. ''Let us not forget what happened in Kwangju. But let us also pardon those who erred and be reconcciled. Only by so doing can we end the 13- year nightmare and heal the trauma,'' Kim said. ''I believe that now is high time for all of us to end the cycle of hatred and confrontation. I think that no more blood should be shed in retaliation for past wrongdoings.'' The main opposition Democratic Party immediately objected to this part of Kim's proposal. A spokesman for the party said truths must be fully determined and those responsible for the bloodshed must be brought to justice. The Kwangju uprising was touched off by a blanket government crackdown on the opposition including the arrest of Kim Dae Jung and other political leaders on May 17, 1980. Rebels held the city for 10 days before being crushed by crack Army troops. Meanwhile, Kwangju residents have started commemorative programs which will last through next Tuesday. Document 488 The Xinhua General Overseas News Service MAY 13, 1993, THURSDAY LENGTH: 187 words HEADLINE: south korea restores participants' honor in kwangju uprising DATELINE: seoul, may 13; ITEM NO: 0 BODY: south korean president kim young-sam today declared fully restored the honor of participants in the may 1980 'kwangju democratic movement.' the president announced the government will offer compensation for relatives of the dead, missing and injured, and also expunge the criminal records of those accused of participation in the movement. 'the kwangju democratic movement must be appraised justly and recorded in history,' kim said in a special statement televised nationwide. 'kwangju's pain must be cured,' he added, 'and its honor must be restored.' on may 18, 1980, some 300,000 people in kwangju, capital of south korea's cholla nam province, staged a large-scale demonstration against the 'dictatorship' of the chon du hwan administration. troops killed about 150 people and wounded 2,000 others in the demonstration. kim said blood that was shed in kwangju has become fertilizer for korean democracy. 'our government today is a democratic government standing on the extension of the kwangju democratization movement,' he noted. he promised to support fully projects to commemorate the movement's spirit. Document 489 Copyright 1993 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 11, 1993 SECTION: News LENGTH: 480 words HEADLINE: Up to 80 S. Korean police, students injured in clash DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: SEOUL, May 11 - As many as 80 South Korean students and police were injured in clashes when police fired tear gas to block some 1,000 protesters from marching into downtown Kwangju, press reports and dissidents said Tuesday. The clash late Monday was the most violent since President Kim Young-Sam, a onetime opposition leader, took office in February with a pledge to reform corrupt institutions and patch up relations with the dissident community. The clashes erupted as the students rallying on university campuses tried to march to downtown Kwangju, a traditional hotbed of dissent some 300 kilometers (180 miles) south of here. A dissident student leader contacted by telephone in Kwangju said some 40 students were injured when police opened fire with some 500 rounds of tear gas to block what he said was a peaceful march to City Hall. Press reports said 60 to 80 people, including police, were injured in total, but dissidents said the student demonstrators were not armed with firebombs or lead pipes following dissident vows in March to no longer seek to topple the government. The Hankook Daily, however, reported that the students hurled rocks at police. Two students, Doh Chong-Hwan and Yang Deuk-Ryul, were hit in the face and head with tear-gas cannisters and were severely injured, the student contacted by telephone said. The students, members of the Federation of Southern Student Associations, were calling for a reinvestigation into the mysterious death of a student radical leader in the late 1980s. The clash comes in the runup to the May 18 anniversary of a brutal 1980 assault by paratroopers on dissidents in Kwangju that resulted in a week of violent street fighting which left at least 200 dissidents dead. The anniversary of the Kwangju massacre -- as it is called here -- is traditionally marked by demonstrations and commemorative events. But Kim's administration has been negotiating with dissident and civic leaders to exonerate some of the 600 dissidents tried by courts martial after the incident and to peacefully commemorate the event. Some dissidents are demanding a full investigation into who ordered the troops to open fire, a probe that analysts believe could lead to former authoritarian president Chun Doo-Hwan. Document 490 Copyright 1993 U.P.I. United Press International May 3, 1993, Monday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 300 words HEADLINE: Students stage small-scale protest DATELINE: SEOUL, South Korea BODY: Sixty-eight students demonstrated briefly near the presidential palace in downtown Seoul Monday, demanding a renewed investigation of a pro-democracy uprising 13 years ago in which about 1,200 people were killed or injured. A spokesman for the youths from Kwangju, 170 miles south of Seoul, traditionally an opposition stronghold, said they hoped to hand over an open letter at the Blue House, the presidential mansion. The spokesman said that before Monday's march they had staged a five- day hunger strike at the Myondong Cathedral in the heart of Seoul to demand that the Kwangju uprising that began on May 17, 1980 be reinvestigated. When police stopped them some distance from the presidential palace, they staged a street protest. Police dispersed them within a half hour. The open letter they carried said talking about reform without giving a full account of the Kwangju uprising was nothing but an ''empty feast of words.'' It demanded a special prosecutor be appointed to fully re-examine the Kwangju events, bring to justice those responsible for the heavy casualties and promulgate a special law to restore the honor of the victims. The uprising erupted when the martial law government then in power arrested Kim Dae Jung and other prominent politicians in a blanket crackdown on the opposition. Rebels held the city for 10 days before being crushed by elite Army units. Nearly 200 people were killed and about 1,000 injured, according to official figures. The government of retired President Roh Tae Woo defined the uprising a pro-democracy movement and paid compensations to the injured victims and the bereaved families. But in some groups there is still smouldering bitterness and those who claim that the whole truth has not come out. Document 491 Copyright 1993 U.P.I. United Press International March 18, 1993, Thursday, BC cycle SECTION: International LENGTH: 298 words HEADLINE: Students block Kim's visit to cemetery DATELINE: SEOUL, Korea BODY: Dissident students in a provincial city forced President Kim Young-sam to cancel a proposed visit Thursday to a cemetery where some 200 people killed in a 1980 democracy uprising are buried. About 500 members of a dissident student group in Kwangju, 170 miles south of Seoul, set up barricades at the Mangwoldong Cemetery in the city before daybreak and staged a sitdown protest against Kim's planned visit, news reports said. The students said they were opposed to any presidential visit to the place without the government first determining the truth of the army's suppression of the democracy movement in Kwangju, the reports said. Kim, who took office Feb. 25, was in the city on a leg of his first provincial inspection tour. He had planned to pay respect to the fallen democracy activists of Kwangju and to meet city civic leaders. Both programs had to be canceled. Kwangju was the political stronghold of opposition leader Kim Dae Jung, who has retired from politics. The Kwangju uprising erupted May 18, 1980, when the martial law government then in power arrested Kim Dae Jung in a sweeping crackdown on political opposition. Rebel students held control of the city for 10 days but finally were crushed by crack army troops. Some 200 people were killed and about 1,000 others injured, according to official counts. The incident brought to power then Maj. Gen. Chun Doo Hwan. The uprising was investigated repeatedly and the government has paid compensation to the victims, but hard-core dissidents still remain bitter about the tragedy. After canceling his cemeetery visit, Kim said he did not think the dissident students represented the will of the entire Kwangju people, whose voice he said he will heed, news reports said. Document 492 Copyright 1992 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 19, 1992 SECTION: Advisory/Schedule LENGTH: 320 words HEADLINE: AsiaPacific news summary; Tuesday, May 19 (since 0900 GMT Monday) BODY: BANGKOK: The Thai capital was trying to retrieve a semblance of normalafter two nights of violence that left dozens of demonstrators dead and hundreds wounded by army bullets as the the stock exchange plunged, many businesses stayed closed and the supreme military commander said more opposition politicians might be arrested. UNDATED: The Asia-Pacific region reacted with concern to the military crackdown in Thailand, although business leaders appeared optimistic the long-term investment climate would remain positive. MANILA: Former defense chief Fidel Ramos, stretching his lead in the Philippine presidential race, denied charges of poll fraud and offered a job to his bitter rival Miriam Santiago. KABUL: Afghan Defence Minister Ahmed Shah Masood and his main rival Gulbuddin Hekmatyar postponed a scheduled face-to-face meeting, but a spokesman said the dialogue would probably be held within one or two days in Kabul. KWANGJU, South Korea: Tens of thousands of South Korean students and dissidents demonstrated here to mark the 12th anniversary of the Kwangju massacre that left at least 200 people dead. COX'S BAZAR, Bangladesh: The repatriation of Burmese Moslem refugees remained uncertain as they continued to stream into Bangladesh, while local officials accused private aid agencies of trying to stall the process. BEIJING: The Chinese foreign ministry accused Washington Post correspondent Lena Sun of engaging in activities incompatible with her status as a journalist. Document 493 Copyright 1992 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 18, 1992 SECTION: News LENGTH: 347 words HEADLINE: 20,000 South Koreans mark Kwangju massacre DATELINE: KWANGJU BODY: About 20,000 South Korean students and dissidents demonstrated here Monday to mark the 12th anniversary on Tuesday of the Kwangju massacre that left at least 200 people dead. Several thousand students and dissidents held an early morning ceremony at the Kwangju Cemetery to pay their respects to the victims of the 1980 Kwangju massacre, which residents say left hundreds more dead than the 194 officially acknowledged by the government. Later in the day, the protestors' numbers swelled as they marched through the streets of this provincial capital 200 kilometers (130 miles) south of Seoul, shouting anti-government slogans and bearing a coffin with the name of Kim Young-Sam, the ruling party's likely presidential candidate in the fall. "Down with Kim Young-Sam" and "Get ready for tomorrow," they shouted, referring to larger rallies planned nationwide for Tuesday to protest the certain nomination of Kim at a Democratic Liberal Party nominating convention. Police numbering as many as 6,000 kept a respectful distance and there were no reports of violence. Police were quoted by Seoul's Dong-A daily as saying 26,000 students at 78 universities held rallies nationwide, most of them peaceful demonstrations confined to campuses. About 10,000 rallied peacefully here overnight to mark the anniversary of the Kwangju massacre, which began 12 years ago with protests on May 18 and culminated May 27 when troops moved in and opened fire on protestors. Dissident sources said the rallies Monday were relatively low-key, as they were planning to put about 100,000 people into the streets of the capital and other cities and towns nationwide to coincide with the ruling party's presidential nominating convention. Document 494 Copyright 1992 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse May 18, 1992 SECTION: News LENGTH: 320 words HEADLINE: Tens of thousands mark Kwangju massacre DATELINE: KWANGJU BODY: Tens of thousands of South Korean students and dissidents demonstrated here Monday to mark the 12th anniversary of a massacre in Kwangju in which at last 200 people were killed. MBC television put the size of the crowd at 50,000 demonstrators. North Korea seized upon the anniversary to demand the withdrawal of U.S. troops from the south of the divided Korean peninsula. Several thousand students and dissidents held an early morning ceremony at the Kwangju Cemetery to pay their respects to the victims of the 1980 Kwangju massacre, which residents say left hundreds more dead than the 194 officially acknowledged by the government. Later in the day, the protestors' numbers swelled as they marched through the streets of this provincial capital 200 kilometers (130 miles) south of Seoul, shouting anti-government slogans and bearing a coffin with the name of Kim Young-Sam, the ruling party's likely presidential candidate in the fall. "Get ready for tomorrow" they yelled in a reference to rallies planned nationwide on Tuesday to protest the certain nomination of Kim at a Democratic Liberal Party nominating convention. Up to 6,000 police supervised the march there were no reports of violence. The incidents which culminated in the Kwanju massacre began on May 17, 1980 when students who had gathered to mark the coup d'etat that brought general Park Chung-Hee to power on May 16, 1961 refused to obey an order from Park's successor, Chun Doo-Hwan to disperse City residents took control of Kwangju for about a week until May 27, when troops moved in and opened fire on protestors. Document 495 The Associated Press May 18, 1992, Monday, AM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 388 words HEADLINE: Students, Citizens Rally to Commemorate 1980 Uprising BYLINE: By Y.J. AHN, Associated Press Writer DATELINE: KWANGJU, South Korea BODY: More than 50,000 people joined peaceful rallies across the nation Monday to commemorate the 1980 anti-government uprising in Kwangju that left about 200 people dead. The turnout was low compared with previous anniversaries, which often led to clashes between police and radical students. About 30,000 riot police were deployed at campuses and major cities around the nation to prevent violence, but no unrest was reported, the national Yonhap news agency said. About 30,000 people in Kwangju, about 190 miles south of Seoul, took over three blocks of a major boulevard and gathered at a downtown plaza for commemorations including speeches, video displays, plays and other programs. The 1980 uprising occurred at the same site. Last year, about 200,000 people attended the ceremonies. On two coffins, the protesters placed pictures of President Roh Tae-woo and Kim Young-sam, the No.2 official in the governing Democratic Liberal Party, to symbolize the party's demise. Earlier Monday, about 5,000 people paid homage to the victims of the uprising at a cemetery on the outskirts of the city. "We solemnly promise to establish a democratic government this year by combining the spirit of the deceased and the strength of those who survived," said a resolution read by the mourners. Another 26,000 students rallied at 78 campuses and pledged resistance to Roh's government, Yonhap said. It said some students chanted anti-government and anti-U.S. slogans. Kwangju protesters have accused the United States of supporting the suppression of the 1980 uprising. The United States has denied the allegation. Students and dissidents vowed to demonstrate in 25 major cities on Tuesday, when the governing party holds a convention to select its nominee for presidential elections later this year. Kim is expected to be nominated. Anti-government rallies that marked the party's nominating convention four years ago sparked weeks of nationwide street protests that left hundreds of people injured. The Kwangju uprising followed the military junta's crackdown on students demanding democratic reforms and a civilian-led government. Kwangju traditionally has been a strong opposition base. Roh, a former general, has initiated broad reforms since beginning his five-year term in early 1988. He cannot run for re-election. Document 496 The Xinhua General Overseas News Service MAY 18, 1992, MONDAY LENGTH: 215 words HEADLINE: people rally to commemorate kwangju uprising DATELINE: pyongyang, may 18; ITEM NO: 0 BODY: tens of thousands of people in south korea staged peaceful rallies sunday and monday to mark the 12th anniversary of the kwangju popular uprising, radio seoul reported today. on sunday, more than 2,000 students and residents of kwangju held a demonstration, demanding a proper settlement of the issue by the south korean authorities. during the four-hour demonstration and an ensuing rally, no clashes were reported between demonstrators and police. on monday morning, kwangju residents held a memorial meeting for those who died in the uprising. on may 18, 1980, more than 300,000 kwangju residents held demonstrations against the autocratic rule of former president chon du hwan. chon moved troops in to put down the demonstrations, leaving thousands of people dead and wounded. in 1988, chon apologized for the incident upon leaving office, but failed to explain the affair or compensate relatives of the dead. kim dae-jung, chairman of the opposition peace democratic party, told a party rally the kwangju issue was a question of democratic struggle. the korea national party also published a comment on the issue, asking the authorities to make public the facts surrounding the kwangju massacre, compensate relatives and free those people arrested during the uprising. Document 497 The Associated Press May 17, 1992, Sunday, AM cycle SECTION: International News LENGTH: 220 words HEADLINE: 20,000 Rally to Commemorate Kwangju Uprising BYLINE: AP Photo KWJ1 DATELINE: KWANGJU, South Korea BODY: About 20,000 students and other citizens thronged downtown Sunday for a rally to commemorate a 1980 anti-government uprising that left about 200 people dead. Although about 7,000 riot police were deployed around the city to prevent violence, they stayed away from the rally, the first commemorating the Kwangju uprising to be approved by police. In past years the anniversary has been an occasion for several days of clashes between riot police and radical students. The uprising occurred on May 18, 1980, and was triggered by a military junta's crackdown on students demanding democratic reforms and a civilian government. Opposition to the government traditionally has been strong in Kwangju, 188 miles south of Seoul. Protesters have accused the United States of acquiescing in the military suppression of the uprising. The United States has denied the allegation. On Sunday, students took over a large downtown plaza in front of a government building, a site of fierce fighting between soldiers and anti-government protesters in 1980. "Down with the regime of (President) Roh Tae-woo," some students shouted. They also chanted "Yankees go home," jabbing their fists in the air. The commemoration included speeches, video displays, plays and singing. Organizers said they would hold another rally on Monday. Document 498 Copyright 1992 Agence France Presse Agence France Presse April 24, 1992 SECTION: News LENGTH: 240 words HEADLINE: Students hurl firebombs at police to mark week of mourning DATELINE: SEOUL BODY: South Korean radical students took to the streets and hurled firebombs at riot police here on Friday, threatening to unleash a wave of anti-government unrest ahead of the anniversary of a student's violent death. The day's protests drew the largest number of students to the streets since the spring semester started in March. More than 1,000 students from Korea Foreign Studies University pushed back hundreds of riot policemen some 500 yards (meters) by attacking them with firebombs. In other part of Seoul, an estimated 2,000 students took to the street near Yonsei University to protest last year's death of student Kang Kyong-Dae, who died on April 26 last year after being beaten up by riot policemen. The students are observing a week of mourning for Kang, whose death led to a month of violent protests across the country last year. Student radicals plan to step up anti-government protests in coming weeks culminating on May 19, a day after the anniversary of the 1980 Kwangju massacre of 200 protestors and the day the ruling party's presidential nominating convention is due to open.