Vertigo, Presyncope, Syncope and Dysequilibrium

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어지러움증에 대한 총괄적 이해에 대한 논문

어지럼 환자의 병력청취.pdf

Vertigo, Presyncope, Syncope and Dysequilibrium.pdf

There are three major classes of dizziness: vertigo, presyncope, and dysequilibrium. Vertigo and presyncope are characterized by a sense of dizziness in the head, which the patient may describe as a spinning sensation, a swimmyheaded sensation, a sense of movement, a sense of imminent syncope, or a sense of "going down."

There is generally no reliable way of distinguishing these two classes of dizziness on the basis of the characteristics of the dizziness alone. Patients with vertigo may describe a feeling of imminent syncope. Patients with presyncope may describe a sense of things going around, and may twirl a finger to illustrate. Only a sense of actual physical movement, not often provided by patients, implicates vertigo over presyncope. 

In sharp contrast to vertigo and presyncope, dysequilibrium is characterized by unsteadiness on the feet, with no cranial sensation whatever other than a palpable fear of falling. Most of the time, therefore, dysequilibrium can immediately and easily be distinguished from other classes of dizziness.

Vertigo in most cases is caused by disorders of the inner ear. Presyncope is related to a critical drop in blood pressure, usually because of predisposing situational circumstances, but sometimes because of serious systemic disease, including cardiac. Dysequilibrium is almost always a neurological disorder.

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