3주차/이초현/ADB/개발사례 기사 스크랩 요약

[이초현]

Building Resilience in Khulna City’s Water Supply System

Overview

ADB is helping Bangladesh develop a sustainable water supply system in Khulna city. The project will expand water supply and introduce surface water as the main water source to avoid excessive groundwater abstraction. It will also strengthen corporate management of the newly established Khulna Water Supply & Sewerage Authority.

A project parallelly co-financed by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) developed and climate-proofed a new water supply system to reduce saltwater intrusion and introduced surface water as the main source of water to avoid excessive groundwater extraction. It also expanded the distribution network of piped water to improve households’ access to potable water.

Climate change impact assessment and adaptation studies were considered during the project design. JICA supported the upstream infrastructure, while ADB supported the downstream infrastructure. The project also strengthened the corporate management of the newly established Khulna Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (KWASA) and automated the water supply monitoring system.

Date

- 14 June 2011: Project Approval

- 29 December 2019: Completion Date

Cost

$323.7 million

Institutions and Stakeholders

- Financing

Asian Development Bank

Japan Inernational Cooperation Agency

- Executing agency

Khulna Water Supply and Sewerage Authority

Results

The project created an entirely new water supply system from intake to household connections, delivering treated surface water for the first time. It resulted in additional production capacity, limiting KWASA’s groundwater abstraction in Khulna city to a maximum of 50 million liters/day throughout the implementation period and maintaining the sustainable groundwater level, which is maximum 6 m drawdown throughout the period.

It expanded the distribution network and increased access to piped water to 65% of households by 2019 from 23% in 2010, majority of which are headed by women. It reduced physical loss due to leakage from 36% to 20% and formed 255 water user groups, with 45% women’s representation and 45% of leadership positions held by women. By 2019, households with piped connections enjoyed water supply 24 hours/day.

The project also helped KWASA to improve its average response time to customer complaints, increase revenue collection to 94% throughout the implementation period, and provide better and equal opportunities for male and female staff.

Lessons

The project supported the transition of the city’s water resource from groundwater to surface water, which can be costly and technically complex.

The overall design of the project considered the city’s vulnerability to climate change, studied ways to mitigate its impacts, and incorporated them into the project design of the intake facility. It innovatively located the intake facility upriver with an impound reservoir and reduced the salinity of raw water. The impound reservoir stores low-chloride freshwater collected during the rainy season. This stored water is used to dilute high-chloride water during the dry season.

The project integrated the capacity strengthening of KWASA to operate and maintain the new water supply system. It used information technology to equip KWASA’s district metering areas with real-time monitoring capabilities and improve efficiency of operations. 

Finally, the project promoted partnerships and leveraged resources through cofinancing arrangements with JICA.

원문기사:https://development.asia/case-study/building-resilience-khulna-citys-water-supply-system