상품DB//인도네시아 레디믹스트 콘크리트 시장동향(2013.4)//시멘트 제품ㆍ콘크리트 제품ㆍ인조석 제품(보강한 것인지에 상관없다)

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목	인도네시아 레디믹스트 콘크리트 시장동향(2013.4)
게시일	2016-03-24	국가	인도네시아	작성자	김주선(자카르타무역관)
품목	시멘트 제품ㆍ콘크리트 제품ㆍ인조석 제품(보강한 것인지에 상관없다)
품목코드	6810
작성일자: 2013.4.18 작성자: 자카르타 무역관 Yoon Yeo Pil(kotrayoon@kotra.or.kr), Ruth Duhita(ruth@kotra.or.id) 1. Ready-Mixed Concrete in Indonesia  ○ The fourth most populated country in the world is Indonesia, with an estimated population of over 240 million. Infrastructure development has become the main priority in the national development. Especially in the fields of infrastructure development in Indonesia resulted in the increasing need for concrete construction projects. To meet the needs of concrete on construction projects is by using a mixer or order a ready mix concrete produced by Concrete Batching Plant.  ○ In Indonesia, the use of Ready-Mix Concrete in the scale of business was first started by PT Jaya Readymix in 1972 in Jakarta to serve the construction projects that began to develop. Along with the increasing growth of construction in beginning of 1980s, emerged several manufacturers of ready mix concrete (RMC).  ○ RMC demand decreases after the monetary crisis in 1998 due to many projects stopped its activities. Construction activity began to increase again since 2000.  ○ Cement is the backbone of ready mix concrete. Thus, to get detail information about the market of ready-mixed concrete in Indonesia, we will provide brief information about cement.  ○ According to the PT Semen Gresik, the national demand of cement and its products is as follows: Bag and Bulk Cement Consumption in 1997 – 2011 (Million Tons)            Source: Indonesian Cement Association and PT Semen Gresik. 2. Ready Mixed Concrete Industry in Indonesia  ○ In Indonesia, at least there are 10 producers of ready mix concrete. Below is the list of producer of ready mixed concrete:  ○ The above companies focus with downstream industry, where they purchase cement, aggregate and other materials from relevant sources and later on, they mixed them in the batching plant. The suppliers: 3. Price of Ready-Mixed Concrete in Jakarta and Jakarta Greater  ○ Types of Quality and Uses of Concrete:   - B-0,K-100,K-125,K-150, K-175, and K-200 is the quality of concrete for non-structural construction.   - K-225,K-250,K-275, and K-300 is the quality of concrete for structural construction (for example: floor, street, columns, etc.)   - K-350, K-325, K-375, K-400, K-450, and K-500 is a special prestressed concrete (for example: bridge beams, etc.) 4. Ready-Mixed Concrete Raw Materials □ Cement  ○ Cement is a vital building material used in the sectors of construction, property, infrastructure, etc. Business in cement industry has good prospects with brisker development expected in the country in the coming years.  ○ National cement production in 2013 is estimated to reach 65 million tons, up about 7% compared to 2012 that reached 60.56 million tons. This increase is in line with the production capacity expansion undertaken by nine cement producers in Indonesia.  ○ There are some foreign investors will go to Indonesia too. Some investment plans even have got permission from the Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM). Such as cement manufacturers from China, Anhui Conch Cement Co., Ltd. that will build a factory in South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, or West Papua with a capacity of 10 million tons per year. In addition, China Trio Bit Engineering Co., Ltd. that will also set up a cement plant with a capacity of 1.5 million tons per year in Subang, West Java.  ○ Other Chinese companies, the State Development and Investment Cooperation (SDIC) will also invest in Indonesia to build a cement plant with a capacity of 1 million tonnes per year in Papua. Meanwhile, the largest cement producer in Thailand, Siam Cement also intends to build a plant with a capacity of 1.8 million tons per year in Sukabumi, West Java.  ○ PT Jui Shin also will build a cement factory in Karawang, West Java, with a capacity of 1 million tons per year, and PT Semen Grobogan plans to set up a factory with a capacity of 1.5 million tons per year in Grobogan, Central Java.  ○ Some other cement companies like Lafarge Cement Indonesia and PT Semen Bosowa Maros also will build a new plant. Lafarge will build a plant in Langkat, North Sumatra with a capacity of 1.5 million tons per year. While Semen Bosowa Maros will increase production capacity at the company's factory in Maros, South Sulawesi to 3 million tons per year from 1.8 million tons per year.  ○ Based on data from the Indonesian Cement Association (ASI), total cement consumption during January-August 2012 reached 34.30 million tons, up 12.6% compared to the same period in 2011 that reached 30.47 million tons. On the other hand, exports fell 64% to 60,690 tons compared to the same period in 2011 that as many as 172,732 tons. Thus, total cement sales during January-August 2012 rose 10.3% from 31.25 million tons to 34.46 million tons. In 2011, the national cement production reached 45.43 million tons. While cement consumption in the country reached 48 million tons. Statistic of Cement Industry in Indonesia              Source: PT Semen Gresik              Note: Based on the forecast of PT Semen Gresik                       Imported cement by PT Andalas (1.0 million ton) and clinker by PT Bosowa, Semen Gresik, Semen Padang and Semen Tonasa.          Imported cement and clinker. Map of Cement Producers in Indonesia  ○ Cement Producers in Indonesia  ○ Cement Producers Market Share (%)  ○ PT Semen Indonesia Tbk, previously known as Semen Gresik, is Indonesia's largest cement producer. The company has cement plants on the islands of Java, Sumatra and Sulawesi which are supported by a distribution network that reaches the whole country. It holds the largest market share (around 40 percent) among cement producers in Indonesia.  ○ Semen Indonesia was the first state-owned enterprise to go public on the Jakarta Stock Exchange and Surabaya Stock Exchange (both merged to become the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2007).  ○ Although Semen Indonesia's core business is the production (and distribution) of cement, through its subsidiaries it is also involved in:   - Industrial Real Estate   - Cement bags   - Mining  ○ The bulk of the company's cement production comes from Semen Gresik (East Java), Semen Padang (West Sumatra), and Semen Tonasa (South Sulawesi).  ○ The company's cement production, production capacity and sales volume have risen steadily in recent years - reaching record highs - due to robust domestic cement demand in combination with capital expenditure to build new plants. These numbers are predicted to increase further in the near future.       Note: in million tons               ¹ indicates a forecast       Source: Semen Gresik, Annual Report 2011  ○ PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk (Indocement) is Indonesia's second largest cement producer in terms of market share. Operations of Indocement are spread across factories in West Java and South Kalimantan, comprising a total of 12 plants. The Citeureup factory in Bogor (West Java) is currently one of the largest cement factories in the world and operates nine plants with an annual installed design capacity of 11.9 million tons of cement. At end 2012, Indocement’s total installed design capacity was 18.6 million tons of cement per year.  ○ Indocement produces cement products marketed under the brand name "Tiga Roda". In 2001, German based HeidelbergCement Group became Indocement’s majority shareholder.  ○ Indocement offers a diversified range of cement products which are sold under the “Tiga Roda” brand. These include Portland Composite Cement (PCC), Ordinary Portland Cement (Type I, Type II and Type V), Oil Well Cement, White Cement and White Mortar TR30. Indocement is Indonesia’s only producer of White Cement. PCC, which was introduced in 2005 now accounts for the majority of the company’s sales volume. This cement uses a lower ratio of clinker substituting alternative materials, which helps to enhance durability and resistance to weather and chemical erosion. The use of alternative materials also lowers energy requirements and CO2 emissions.  ○ Indocement has become a leading provider of bulk cement and Ready-Mix Concrete (RMC). This business line is promoted through the Indocement subsidiary Pionirbeton Industri, which also uses the “Tiga Roda” brand.       Note: ¹ indicates a forecast       Source: Indocement  ○ PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk. is Indonesia's third largest cement producer. The company is a cement-based building materials and service provider with operations in two countries, Indonesia and Malaysia. It provides a fully integrated range of ten cement types, concrete and aggregates from its two major production sites on the island of Java. It currently holds a market share of around 16 percent regarding Indonesian cement production.  ○ The company, which employs over 2,500 people, is part of the Swiss-based Holcim Group, one of the largest global cement manufacturers.  ○ Holcim Indonesia operates two cement plants; one in Narogong (West Java) and the other in Cilacap (Central Java), and it owns a cement grinding station in Ciwandan (Banten). A third cement plant in Tuban (East Java) is scheduled to start operations in 2013. Annual cement production capacity is currently 8.3 million tons. This number is estimated to increase to 10 million tons with the opening of the Tuban Plant.            Source: Holcim Indonesia, Annual Report 2011  ○ The Bosowa Corporation - a private corporation - is an East Indonesian based conglomerate that has grown not only into a leading East Indonesian conglomerate, but also into a major player in the Indonesian business corporations. It has diversified business interests, including:   - Cement   - Automotive   - Infrastructure & Power Plant   - Financial services   - Property   - Natural Resources  ○ As with many other Indonesian companies, the Bosowa Corporation was on the brink of bankruptcy when the Asian Financial Crisis hit in 1997-1998. Instead of a government take-over, the management opted for a debt restructuring plan which it was able to repay in the 2000s due to its blossoming businesses.  ○ The cement manufacturing and marketing business currently constitutes the “core businesses” of the Bosowa Corporation. Starting with the construction of the PT Semen Bosowa Maros plant it expanded its cement business to Western Indonesia with the development of the PT Semen Bosowa Batam plant with an annual output capacity of 1.2 million tons of cement. Employing more than 1,000 personnel, PT Semen Bosowa Maros and PT Semen Bosowa Batam are the youngest cement manufacturers in Indonesia, and the only cement companies wholly owned by a private national company.  ○ Production Capacity of Cement Companies (Ton)      Source: Ministry of Industry  ○ The above table illustrates the development of installed capacity of the cement industry in Indonesia, both for clinker and cement, starting from the year 2012 has undergone some changes with doing construction or expansion of existing factories in an effort to improve the supply of cement, especially to meet the needs of the domestic cement market which is expected to continue to increase until the year 2016.  ○ Apart from the existing factories today, the national cement industry will also get an additional installed capacity of the factories newcomer / new investors of ± 6 million tons, of which the plants were expected to be completed and ready for operation in 2015 or 2016.  ○ Thus total capacity of cement production in Indonesia in 2016 is expected to reach ± 85 million tons, and the demand for cement in the country is of ± 73 million tons.  ○ Cement Consumption   - Both Indonesia's cement production and cement consumption have risen rapidly in recent years. As the country has been showing solid economic growth for a decade - and is forecast to continue this growth -, property and infrastructure projects have grown in number accordingly, thus increasing demand for building materials such as cement. Moreover, the government is committed to enhance the country's much-needed infrastructure development.   - The table below indicates this rapid rise in both cement production and consumption in Indonesia:             Note: ¹ indicates a forecast             Source: Indonesian Cement Association   - National cement consumption in 2013 reached 61 million tons. The property sector is expected to dominate Indonesia's cement consumption in 2013. Property sector consumption is estimated to reach 42.7 million tons, equivalent to 70% of total cement consumption this year. Other biggest consumer is infrastructure sector with consumption of about 30%.   - Highest cement consumption of the property sector is the impact of the onslaught of residential development (residential). Large population growth and increased purchasing power to trigger demand for residential homes or higher.   - Based on data from the Indonesian Cement Association, as of February 2013, cement consumption in Indonesia reached 9.43 million tons, up 11.3% compared to the same period last year. While cement exports reached 23,337 tons, down 80.7% from the same period last year to reach 120,787 tons.   - Teguh Satria, Chairman of the Advisory Board Organization Real Estate Companies Association of Indonesia (REI) said that for infrastructure sector, the cement is used only for the construction of bridges, ports, and highways. While the current construction of toll roads in Indonesia are still faltered, due to the length of the land acquisition process.   - Consumption of cement for the construction of toll roads is small, but the impact is huge, because around the toll road developers usually there are many housing developments.   - Per capita cement consumption in Indonesia - which currently stands at around 200 kilogram per year - is one of the lowest in Asia, and in combination with a booming (macro) economy it therefore contains ample room for growth.   - Currently the island of Java accounts for more than half of Indonesia's total cement consumption, followed by the islands of Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. Java and Sumatra together account for around 75 percent of Indonesian cement consumption. These two islands (Java in particular) are home to the majority (almost 80 percent) of Indonesians. But, although small in absolute numbers, the cement consumption share is increasing fastest in Eastern Indonesia. The period January-November 2012 brought a 54 percent increase in cement consumption in eastern Indonesia compared to the same period in the previous year. In Java and Sumatra these numbers were much lower (15 and nine percent respectively) during the same period. Indonesian Islands or Regions and Domestic Cement Consumption Shares in 2012 Cement Consumption Based on Island       Source: Ministry of General Work (PU) Cement Consumption Based on Province       Source: Ministry of General Work (PU)  ○ Price of Cement □ Sand (Pasir)  ○ Sand and stone are basic materials that should be provided to build a building. The sand has a variety of types and sizes as well as stone. There is Tidal Sand (Pasir Pasang), Concrete Sand (Pasir Beton), Mundu Sand (Pasir Mundu), White Sand (Pasir Putih), Elod Sand (Pasir Elod), Red Sand (Pasir Merah) or commonly known as Jebrod Sand (Pasir Jebrod).  ○ Pasir Pasang or tidal sand is sand with grade C. This sand has a slightly rough texture because it has a large enough grain. This type of sand is usually used for installation work and adobe brick. This type of sand also can economize in the use of sand because the texture is rough.  ○ Pasir Beton or concrete sand contain of grains of hard and sharp mineral measuring between 0.075 to 5㎜. There are grains smaller than 0.063㎜ and is not more than 5% by weight. Concrete sand is often used for structural concrete work such as columns, beams and floor slabs.  ○ Pasir Putih or white sand is sand with Grade A quality. This sand is ideal for those who are planning to create a building with a permanent and solid type. The bright color shades (White) are distinctive characteristics of the sand with the sand that others in general. Characteristics of white sand is a little coarse farts, however this sand gives high strength in a construction project work both houses, buildings, or other means. With an ideal mix of cement sand and other materials can be used for the installation of brick and plaster of walls of the building to produce buildings and other facilities that are very sturdy workmanship.  ○ Pasir Mundu or mundu sand is sand with its granulated texture that not too rough, hence a lot of people interested in doing the renovation work and building houses by this type of sand. Mundu sand also contains less rock than the concrete sand. Therefore do not need to do the filtering back. Mundu sand quality is quite good, with relatively low prices so that the construction work of the construction of buildings, houses and other facilities become more efficient and streamlined. Mundu sand is also much in demand by the traders/shopkeepers building materials as a natural material which is quite popular for sale. Mundu sand with best in class quality can be used for the installation of brick or concrete block wall to wall plaster construction. Not only had that, with the ideal mix of split, mundu sand also good enough to use as a means of casting building construction.  ○ Pasir Urug is sand with quality Grade C. This sand is ideal to use for backfill process after the completion of the foundation work on the building. This sand can be used for the manufacture of residence. Its color is black. The characteristic of this sand is coarse because there is a lot of gravel in it. This type of sand is to facilitate the compaction.  ○ Price: □ Stone  ○ Price: 5. Standardization and Certification of Ready-Mixed Concrete □ Standardization of Ready Mix Concretes  ○ Cement is inclusive into mandatory SNI (Indonesian National Standard) as well as ready mix concrete. BSN (Badan Standardisasi Nasional) as a regulatory body of National Standard has issued a document that all ready mix concrete products should complied to SNI No. 03-443-1997.  ○ Below is the standardization of ready mix concrete (as compiled from BSN):   - Materials:    · Cement: Cement which is used for concrete mix should refer to SNI 0129-1987 regarding quality and testing method of Portland Pozolan Cement.    · Aggregate: Aggregate should compile into SII 0052-80 of concrete aggregate, while quality and testing method should refer to SNI S-04-1989 regarding specification of raw material for building construction.    · Water: Water should compile into SK SNI S-04-1989-F regarding specification of building material part A.    · Additional Material: Additional material should compile to SK SNI S-18-1990-03 regarding specification of concrete, SK SNI S-15-1990-03 regarding specification of flying ash as an additional material for concrete mix and SK SNI S-19-1990-03 regarding additional specification of bubble for concrete.   - Information:    · Upon ordering remicon, consumer should provide details information such as type of cement, type of aggregate, type of additional materials requires for mixing.    · Minimum cement content classified in ㎏/㎥    · Production Equipment    · Precondition to produce concrete    · Condition for transportation and delivery of concrete    · Prerequisite of information from producer    · Precondition for sample and testing    · Precondition for quality control   - The above condition is the content of SNI 03-4433-1997 about required specification for ready mix concrete and companies who interest to run the business could adopt this standard. □ Certification of Ready Mix Concrete  ○ According to Mr. Evan from Indonesian National Standard, considering the SNI for remicon is not mandatory. Thus, neither certification nor standardization is needed to setup ready mix concrete companies in Indonesia. Procedure to invest and relevant info will be informed in the last chapter about process and procedure to invest in Indonesia.