주어와 동사 기초 공부하기

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주어와 동사

1. The supermarket across the street accepts credit cards as well as cash.

The subject of this sentence is

a. supermarket.

b. across.

c. street.

d. accepts.

The sentence is about the SUPERMARKET. That is what accepts credit cards as well as cash. (ACROSS THE STREET is a prepositional phrase.)

2 The supermarket across the street accepts credit cards as well as cash.

The verb of this sentence is

a. across.

b. street.

c. accepts.

d. cards.

ACCEPTS is what the supermarket does.

Review

3. The electric drill in the dentist’s office buzzes like an angry bee.

The subject of the sentence is

a. electric.

b. drill.

c. office.

d. bee.

The sentence is about the DRILL. That is what buzzes like an angry bee. (IN THE DENTIST’S OFFICE and LIKE AN ANGRY BEE are prepositional phrases; ELECTRIC is an adjective.)

4.The electric drill in the dentist’s office buzzes like an angry bee.

The verb of the sentence is

a. electric.

b. dentist’s.

c. buzzes.

d. angry.

What does the sentence say about the drill? It BUZZES. (The prepositional phrase LIKE AN ANGRY BEE describes how the drill buzzes.)

5. Spaghetti tastes especially good with grated cheese.

The subject of the sentence is

a. spaghetti.

b. tastes.

c. good.

d. cheese.

The sentence is about SPAGHETTI. That’s what tastes especially good with grated cheese.

6. Spaghetti tastes especially good with grated cheese.

The verb of the sentence is

a. tastes.

b. good.

c. with.

d. cheese.

TASTES is a linking verb. It links the subject, SPAGHETTI, to the description about it—that it tastes especially good with grated cheese.

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7. Numerous baseball fans of all ages come to watch the World Series.

The subject of the sentence is

a. numerous.

b. baseball.

c. fans.

d. come.

The sentence is about FANS. They are the ones who come to watch the World Series. The words NUMEROUS and BASEBALL describe the word FANS. (The word group OF ALL AGES is a prepositional phrase.)

8. Numerous baseball fans of all ages come to watch the World Series.

The verb of the sentence is

a. of.

b. ages.

c. come.

d. to watch.

What does the sentence say about the subject, FANS? It says that they COME (to watch the World Series). (TO WATCH cannot be the verb of the sentence because it begins with the word TO.)

9. During supper, the children of the family were arguing about which movie to see.

The subject of the sentence is

a. during.

b. supper.

c. the.

d. children.

 The sentence is about CHILDREN. They are the ones who were arguing about which movie to see. (DURING SUPPER, OF THE FAMILY, and ABOUT WHICH MOVIE are prepositional phrases.)

10. During supper, the children of the family were arguing about which movie to see.

The verb of the sentence is

a. were.

b. arguing.

c. were arguing.

d. to see.

The sentence is about the CHILDREN. WERE ARGUING is what they did. WERE is a helping verb, and ARGUING is the main verb. (ARGUING alone cannot be the verb because an –ING word cannot be the verb of a sentence by itself. TO SEE cannot be the verb because the verb of a sentence cannot begin with TO.)

11. After class, Freda slipped the note into her pocket.

1. The subject of this sentence is

a. class.

b. Freda.

c. note.

d. pocket.

The sentence is about FREDA. She’s the one who slipped the note into her pocket.

12: After class, Freda slipped the note into her pocket.

The verb of this sentence is

a. slipped.

b. note.

c. into.

d. pocket.

What does the sentence say about the subject, FREDA? She SLIPPED (the note into her pocket).

13: The spaghetti sauce in the pot on the stove needs to be stirred.

The subject of the sentence is

a. spaghetti.

b. sauce.

c. pot.

d. stove.

The sentence is about the SAUCE. It is what needs to be stirred. (SPAGHETTI describes the word SAUCE. Neither POT nor STOVE can be the subject since the subject is never in a prepositional phrase. The two prepositional phrases in this sentence are IN THE POT and ON THE STOVE.)

14: The spaghetti sauce in the pot on the stove needs to be stirred.

The verb of the sentence is

a. on.

b. stove.

c. needs.

d. stirred.

What does the sentence say about the sauce? It NEEDS to be stirred. (STIRRED cannot be the verb since the verb of a sentence never comes after the word TO.)

15: My family’s former house on Walnut Avenue is for sale.

The subject of the sentence is

a. my.

b. former.

c. house.

d. Avenue.

The sentence is about the HOUSE. It’s what is for sale. (The words MY FAMILY’S FORMER describe the house. The words ON WALNUT AVENUE are a prepositional phrase, and the subject cannot be in a prepositional phrase.)

16: My family’s former house on Walnut Avenue is for sale.

The verb of the sentence is

a. on.

b. is.

c. for.

d. sale.

What does the sentence say about the house? It IS for sale. IS is a linking verb. It connects the subject, HOUSE, to an idea about the house: that it is FOR SALE.

17: From now on, Mark will not be taking the train to work.

The subject of the sentence is

a. now.

b. Mark.

c. train.

d. work.

The sentence is about MARK. He is the one who will be taking the train to work.

18: From now on, Mark will not be taking the train to work.

The verb of the sentence is

a. will.

b. will not be taking.

c. taking.

d. will be taking.

The words WILL BE are helping verbs. Together with the main verb TAKING, they make up the verb of the sentence. (The word NOT describes the verb, but it is not part of the verb. The single word TAKING cannot be the verb since a word ending in –ING cannot by itself be the verb of the sentence.)

19: Most of the students in Mr. Tinner’s biology class watched him dissecting a frog.

The subject of the sentence is

a. most.

b. students.

c. biology.

d. class.

The sentence is about MOST (of the students). (The word STUDENTS cannot be the subject since it is part of the prepositional phrase OF THE STUDENTS. The subject also cannot be part of the other prepositional phrase in the sentence: IN MR. TINNER’S BIOLOGY CLASS.)

20: Most of the students in Mr. Tinner’s biology class watched him dissecting a frog.

The verb of the sentence is

a. in.

b. watched.

c. him.

d. dissecting.

What the sentence says about the subject MOST is that they WATCHED Mr. Tinner dissecting a frog. (Since a word ending in –ING cannot by itself be the verb of the sentence, DISSECTING cannot be the verb in the sentence.)

A Quick Review of Subjects and Verbs. The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that the sentence is about. It is always a noun or pronoun. The verb tells what the sentence is saying about the subject. Look at the following sentence:

The tiny pig squealed loudly.

This sentence is about a pig, so PIG is the subject. The verb is SQUEALED--that's what the pig did.

A subject is never in a prepositional phrase. A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition (such as "of" or "from") and ends with a noun or pronoun. Now look at this sentence:

Most of my friends are married.

The subject of this sentence is MOST. Because OF MY FRIENDS is a prepositional phrase, the subject cannot be FRIENDS. The verb is ARE, a linking verb that connects the subject to the descriptive word MARRIED.

Here are a few more things to remember about verbs: The verb of a sentence may be a main verb plus one or more helping verbs. The verb of a sentence never begins with the word TO. Also, a word ending in --ING can be part of a verb only if a helping verb comes before it. Finally, words such as NOT and ALWAYS are never part of the verb.