[성문기초영어]동명사

[suleja]

제13장   동명사 (Gerund)///

1. 동명사의 용법
동명사- 동사와 명사의 역할을 함. 동명사는 목적어 보어를 취할 뿐만 아니라 부사(구)의 수식을 받으며 주어 목적어 보어로 쓰인다.

(1) Playing tennis is a lot of fun.
[주어]
Speaking English well is very difficult.
= To speak English well is very difficult.

(2) Tom loves fishing. [목적어]
It began raining in the afternoon.
= It began to rain in the afternoon.

(3) My hobby is drawing pictures.
The only thing that he likes is watching TV. [보어]
= The only thing that he likes is to watch TV.
* 전치사 다음에 동사를 쓸 때에는 동명사를 쓴다.
ex) He is thinking of buying a new bicycle.

2. 동명사의 의미상의 주어

(1)a) He doesn't like my going there.
b) I heard of your father('s) coming back home.
동명사의 의미상의 주어는 소유격으로 나타내지만, 명사일 경우에는 목적격을 쓸 수 있다.
ex) I am sure of his passing the examination. -이 경우 his대신 him을 써도 됨.
= I am sure that he will pass the examination.
((cf.)) I wish him to pass the examination.
I remember Tom('s) saying so.

(2) Seeing is believing.
동명사의 의미상의 주어가 일반인일 경우에는 생략한다.
ex) Reading English is difficult, but speaking it is even more difficult.
((cf.)) I began reading a short story.
reading의 의미상의 주어는 I이므로 그 앞에 my를 생략

3. 동명사와 부정사의 비교

(1) 동명사만을 목적어로 취하는 동사- enjoy, finish, mind, give up, deny 등.
ex) He enjoys listening to music.
Have you finished writing a letter?
Would you mind opening the door?

(2) 부정사만을 목적어로 위하는 동사- want, hope, decide, plan, promise, choose 등.
ex) I want to be a doctor.
Do you hope to see her again?
I have decided to go to a vocational high school.
He promised never to smoke again.

(3) 동명사와 부정사 둘 다 목적어로 취할 수 있는 동사- love, like, hate, begin, continue
ex) The baby began crying. = The baby began to cry.

(4) 동명사와 부정사를 목적어로 쓰는  경우 의미상의 차이가 있는 경우-  stop, try, remember, forget 등
ex)
+-They stopped fighting.
[그들은 싸우기를 중지하였다.]
+-They stopped to fight.
[그들은 싸우기 위해 걸음을 멈추었다.]
+-He tried doing it.
[그는 시험삼아 그것을 해 보았다.]
+-He tried to do it.
[그는 그것을 해 보려고 노력했다.]
+-  I remember saying so.
[나는 그렇게 말한 것을 기억하고 있다.]
+-= I remember that I have said so.
[과거에 한 일]
+-  I remember to say so.
[나는 그렇게 말할 것을 기억하고 있다.]
+-= I remember that I will have to say so.
[미래에 할 일]
+-  I forget meeting him.
[나는 그를 만난 것을 잊고 있다.]
+-= I forget that I met him.
+-  I forget to meet him.
[나는 그를 만날 것을 잊고 있다.]
+-= I forget that I will meet him.

4. 동명사와 관용적 표현

(1) be busy -ing (-하느라고 바쁘다)
ex) We are busying preparing for the examination.

(2) It is no use -ing
= It is of no use to- (-해야 소용없다)
ex) It is no use talking to him.
= It is (of) no use to talk to him.
= It is useless to talk to him.
= It is of no use talking to him.

(3) keep + 목적어 + from -ing
(누구에게 -을 못하게 하다)
ex) The snow kept me from coming here.
= I couldn't come here because of the snow.

(4) feel like -ing
(-하고 싶은 생각이 나다)
ex) I don't feel like riding today.

(5) How (or What) about -ing?
(-하는 것이 어떻겠느냐?)
ex) How about going to the movies?
= Shall we go----?

(6) go -ing (-하러 가다)
ex) They went hunting the day before yesterday.

(7) There is no -ing
(-하는 것은 불가능하다.)
ex) There is no saying what may happen.
= It is impossible to say what may happen.

(8) On-ing = As soon as, When
(-하자마자)
ex) On hearing the sad news, she began to cry.
= As soon as she heard the sad news, she began to cry.