[테드/토픽] 세바스찬 쓰런 : 구글의 자율주행 자동차 (업데이트)

[Jonathan Lion]

이번 주 클립은 Sebastian Thrun의 'Google's driverless car (http://go.ted.com/CGhR)' 입니다.

자율주행차 혹은 무인자동차는 여러 가지 경로로 한번 쯤 들어보셨을 겁니다.

TED의 T 는 technology인데, 사실 기술적인 내용은 얘기 나누기 쉽지 않아요.

그래도 차는 우리 생활과 밀접한 연관이 있으니 함께 생각하고 얘기해보아요!

109th_TED_Talks_20160121.doc

109th_TED_Talks_20160121.pdf

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109th TED Talks with Jonathan (2016.01.21.)

Time Table

07:30~07:55 Greeting & Small Talk

07:55~08:00 Break Time(Table changes)

08:00~08:40 Topic Talk!(40분)

08:40~08:50 Break Time(Table changes)

08:50~09:30 Ted Talk!(40분)

09:30~09:50 Wrap up(Share your TED and New Comer Introductions)

Small Talk : Travels

1. Say hello each other. How was your weekend and weekday?

2. How many countries have you been to? How many states?

3. Have you ever been in a difficult situation while traveling?

4. What countries would you like to visit? Why?

5. If you went to ___(Insert a country name)__, what kind of souvenirs would you buy?

6. What's the most beautiful place you've ever been to?

7. When was the last time your traveled?

8. Did you get attracted to anything special?

Topic Talk : Drivers

Canadian researchers have found that most drivers think they are better than others behind the wheel. The team from Ottawa University interviewed nearly 400 motorists of all ages. They all had to answer questions about what they thought of their own driving skills. The question topics included how they react in different driving conditions, including terrible weather and congested roads. They then had to rate the skills of others on the road. The results were very similar across all age ranges – almost all of those interviewed believed their driving ability was better than that of other drivers. Older drivers in the poll were more confident in their ability than younger ones. Unsurprisingly, perhaps, males had the most confidence in their ability to handle a car.

Lead researcher Sylvain Gagnon believes the attitudes found in his survey could be dangerous. Mr Gagnon said that although confidence can be a good thing, it often has dangerous consequences. He stated: “If you think that you are a better driver, then perhaps you start behaving differently behind the wheel and do not pay as much attention as you should. This might explain why young men tend to have more accidents on the roads than other drivers.” It is time for government road safety departments to start taking research such as this more seriously. Traffic accidents are a huge killer throughout the world. Very few drivers really think about how deadly their car can be in an accident. More regulation is needed as people buy more and more cars.

Questions

1. Do you have a driver’s license?

2. Do you think people’s personalities change behind the wheel of a car?

3. What are the differences between male and female drivers?

4. What’s the thing that most annoys you about drivers when you are a pedestrian?

5. Do you think the speed of all cars should by capped?

6. Is more regulation needed?

7. If a driver kills someone because of dangerous driving, are they a murderer?

8. Do drivers get better as they get older?

9. Why do you think men think they’re better drivers than women?

TED Talks

Sebastian Thrun : Google's driverless car

00:11

As a boy, I loved cars. When I turned 18, I lost my best friend to a car accident. Like this. And then I decided I'd dedicate my life to saving one million people every year. Now I haven't succeeded, so this is just a progress report, but I'm here to tell you a little bit about self-driving cars.

00:36

I saw the concept first in the DARPA Grand Challenges where the U.S. government issued a prize to build a self-driving car that could navigate a desert. And even though a hundred teams were there, these cars went nowhere. So we decided at Stanford to build a different self-driving car. We built the hardware and the software. We made it learn from us, and we set it free in the desert. And the unimaginable happened: it became the first car to ever return from a DARPA Grand Challenge, winning Stanford 2 million dollars. Yet I still hadn't saved a single life.

01:16

Since, our work has focused on building driving cars that can drive anywhere by themselves -- any street in California. We've driven 140,000 miles. Our cars have sensors by which they magically can see everything around them and make decisions about every aspect of driving. It's the perfect driving mechanism. We've driven in cities, like in San Francisco here. We've driven from San Francisco to Los Angeles on Highway 1.

01:53

We've encountered joggers, busy highways, toll booths, and this is without a person in the loop; the car just drives itself. In fact, while we drove 140,000 miles, people didn't even notice. Mountain roads, day and night, and even crooked Lombard Street in San Francisco. (Laughter) Sometimes our cars get so crazy, they even do little stunts.

02:28

(Video) Man: Oh, my God. What? Second Man: It's driving itself.

02:38

Sebastian Thrun: Now I can't get my friend Harold back to life, but I can do something for all the people who died. Do you know that driving accidents are the number one cause of death for young people? And do you realize that almost all of those are due to human error and not machine error, and can therefore be prevented by machines?

03:01

Do you realize that we could change the capacity of highways by a factor of two or three if we didn't rely on human precision on staying in the lane -- improve body position and therefore drive a little bit closer together on a little bit narrower lanes, and do away with all traffic jams on highways? Do you realize that you, TED users, spend an average of 52 minutes per day in traffic, wasting your time on your daily commute? You could regain this time. This is four billion hours wasted in this country alone. And it's 2.4 billion gallons of gasoline wasted.

03:49

Now I think there's a vision here, a new technology, and I'm really looking forward to a time when generations after us look back at us and say how ridiculous it was that humans were driving cars.

03:59

Thank you.

04:01

(Applause)

세바스찬 쓰런 : 구글의 자율 주행 자동차

00:11

어렸을 때 저는 차를 좋아했습니다. 18살이 되던 해에 교통사고로 가장 친한 친구를 잃었습니다. 이렇게, 순식간에요. 그래서 저는 제 인생을 매년 수백만의 사람의 목숨을 구하는데 이바지하기로 했습니다. 아직 성공하지는 못했고, 이건 단지 중간보고에 불과하지만 스스로 운전하는 자동차에 대해 짧게 말씀드리려고 합니다.

00:36

이 개념을 처음 알게 된 건 DARPA Grand Challenges에서였습니다. 미국 정부가 사막을 스스로 주행하는 자동차에 상금을 걸었습니다. 백여 개의 팀이 참가했었지만 제대로 하는 팀은 없었습니다. 그래서 스탠퍼드에서 우린 다른 무인 주행 차를 개발하기로 합니다. 우린 하드웨어와 소프트웨어를 개발했습니다. 우리로부터 습득할 수 있게 만들고 사막에 내보냈습니다. 그리고 상상할 수 없는 일이 발생했습니다. 그것은 바로 그 대회 사상 처음으로 저희 차가 완주를 해서 돌아온 것이었습니다. 상금으로 이백만 달러를 받았습니다. 하지만 아직 단 한 사람의 목숨도 구하지는 못했습니다.

01:16

그때부터 우리의 작업은 어디서든 스스로 주행할 수 있는 자동차를 만드는 데 집중되어 있습니다. 캘리포니아의 어느 거리에서도 말이죠. 우리는 140,000마일을 주행했습니다. [약 225,300km: 번역주] 우리 차에는 마법처럼 앞을 볼 수 있는 센서가 있습니다. 주변을 둘러보고 운전과 관련된 모든 측면에 대해서 결정을 내립니다. 완벽한 운전 메커니즘이죠. 이곳 샌프란시스코와 같은 도시에서도 주행했습니다. 샌프란시스코에서 로스앤젤레스까지 이어지는 1번 고속도로도 달렸고

01:53

조깅하는 사람과도 마주쳤고 혼잡한 고속도로와 톨게이트도 주행했습니다. 운전자 없이 말이죠. 자동차가 스스로 운전합니다. 사실, 우리가 14만 마일을 운전하는 동안 사람들은 이를 알아채지조차 못했습니다. 산악 도로, 밤낮, 심지어 샌프란시스코의 꼬불꼬불한 꽃길 롬바드 거리도 주행했습니다. (웃음) 때로는 차가 정말 미친 듯이 묘기를 부리기도 합니다.

02:28

(비디오) 남자: 오, 말도 안 돼. 뭐? 맙소사. 두 번째 남자: 스스로 운전하잖아!

02:38

지금 제 친구 해럴드를 다시 살려낼 수는 없습니다. 하지만 죽은 모든 이들을 위해 뭔가 할 수는 있죠. 젊은 층의 사망 원인 일 순위가 교통사고라는 것을 아십니까? 그리고 대부분 원인이 인간의 실수라는걸 아십니까? 기계의 실수가 아니라요. 그리고 그렇기에 기계로 예방할 수 있다는 것을요.

03:01

여러분은 고속도로의 교통 수용량을 두 배 혹은 세 배까지도 늘릴 수 있음을 알고 계십니까? 만약 우리가 인간에 의존하지 않고 차선 준수와 차간 거리 유지를 개선하면 더 좁은 길에서 더 가까이 주행할 수 있기 때문이죠. 그리고 고속도로의 교통 체증도 줄일 수 있습니다. 테드를 듣고 계신 여러분이 하루 평균 52분을 교통 체증 때문에 매일 출퇴근 길에서 낭비하고 있다는 것을 알고 계십니까? 이 시간을 되찾을 수 있습니다. 이 나라에서만 낭비되는 시간이 40억 시간입니다. 그리고 휘발유 2억 4천만 갤런이 낭비되고 있습니다. [약 9억 리터: 번역주]

03:49

자 새로운 기술 덕분에 비전이 생겼습니다. 저는 우리 다음 세대들이 우리를 돌아보며 사람이 차를 운전했었다니 참 터무니 없다라고 말하기를 정말로 기대하고 있습니다.

03:59

감사합니다.

04:01

(박수)

Questions

1. What are the common causes of the car accidents? Do you agree that the human factor is on the top of the list?

2. What kind of benefit can we take from the fully automated automobile?

3. If there comes out the commercial driverless automobile, how much price would you pay for that? Is 50% premium okay? How about 100% (twice the price)?

4. In case of the electrical car market, Tesla is getting popular than the traditional makers. How about the driverless car? Would you buy Google Car or Apple Car rather than Hyundai, Audi, Benz and Toyota?

5. What kind of regulation do you think is needed for the driverless car? Speed? Region? Time?

6. When  a driverless car causes an accident, who is responsible that? The owner? The passenger? The maker? The deveoper? (OMG, plz...)

[Jonathan Lion]

그리고 이 주제에 관심있는 분들은 2015TED 중 Chris Urmson 의 "How a driverless car sees the road" 를 보시면 좋을 것 같아요. 15분 짜리입니다. ( http://go.ted.com/Ch4j )