chest reading 2

Chest X-ray :Lateral Film 7) 다음의 경우를 잘 관찰 ⑴ Coin Lesions : Causes are granulomas (50%) which are usually calcified (histoplasmosis, 25% : Tb. 20% : coccidioidomycosis, 20% : varies with locale), primary carcinoma (25%), hematoma (<10%), and metastatic disease (<5%) ⑵ Cavitary Lesions : Causes are abscess, cancer, Tb, and coccidioidomycosis ⑶ Infiltrates : There are two major types : ① Interstitial Pattern : "Reticular." Causes are granulomatous infections, miliary Tb, coccidioidomycosis, pneumoconiosis, sarcoidosis, and CHF, "Honeycombing" represents end-stage fibrosis caused by sarcoid, rheumatoid arthritis, and pneumoconiosis ② Alveolar Pattern : Diffuse, quick progression and regression. Can see either butterfly pattern or air bronchograms. Causes are pulmonary embolus, pneumonia, hemorrhage, or pulmonary edema associated with CHF 그림 p-3-1. Chest PA film 1) Tracgea 2) First rib 3) Clavicle 4) aortic knob 5) Left pulmonary artert 6) Right pulmonary artert 7) Carina 8) Pulmonary trunk 9) Pulmonary veins 10) Left atrium 11) Right atrium 12) Right ventricle 13) Left ventricle 14) Superior vena cava 15) Inferior vena cava 16) Gastric air bubble 17) Splenic flexure air 18) Costophrenic angles 19) Descending aorta Lateral Film Retro sternal clear space Costophrenic angles Path of the aorta 등을 주위 깊게 관찰. 그림 p-3-2. Chest lateral film 1) Manubrium 2) Body of sternum 3) Xiphold process 4) Breast shadow 5) Trachea 6) Scapula 7) Left pulmonary artery 8) Ascending aorta 9) Aortic arch 10) Right pulmonary artery 11) Left mainstem bronchus 12) Right ventricle 13) Left atrium 14) Left ventricle 15) Right diaphragm 16) Left diaphragm 17) Gastric air bubble 18) Costophrenic angles 19) Inferior vena cava 20) Retrosternal clear space DECUBITUS FILM : Chest PA film에서 pleural effusion이 의심될 때(CPA blunting) 확진하기 위해 촬영방법