나그함마디-도시 이름

나그함마디(영어: Nag Hammadi, 아랍어: نجع حمادي, 혹은 나지함마디) 이집트 중부 룩소르 북쪽으로 80킬로 정도 떨어져있는 인구 3만의 도시. 고전 시대에는 케노보스키온(그리스어: Χηνοβόσκιον)으로 불렸다. 나그함마디는 대부분이 소작농 지역으로 설탕과 알루미늄 등이 생산된다. 나그함마디는  1945년 12월에 단지에 밀봉되어 있던 가죽 장정 파피루스 코덱스(나그함마디 문서라고 함) 13권이 지역 농민에 의해 발견된 장소로 가장 잘 알려져 있다. 이들 코덱스는 대부분 기독교 영지주의 관련 문헌들을 담고 있으며, 영지주의적 금서를 소유하는 것이 이단으로 공격받던 상황에서 파코미우스 수도원 가까이의 수도사에 의해 숨겨진 것으로 여겨진다.문서의 내용은 콥트어로 쓰여 있으나, 모두 본래 그리스어로 작성된 문헌을 번역한 것으로 판단된다. 가장 유명한 문헌으로는 도마복음서가 있는데, 이것은 나그함마디 코덱스에 담긴 문헌 중에서 유일하게 완전한 필사본이다.Nag Hammadi (/ˌnɑːɡ həˈmɑːdi/ NAHG hə-MAH-dee; Arabic: نجع حمادى Nagʿ Ḥammādī) is a city and markaz in Upper Egypt. It is located on the west bank of the Nile in the Qena Governorate, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) north-west of Luxor. The city had a population of close to 61,737 as of 2023. HistoryThe town of Nag Hammadi was found on the site of older villages Ansan (Arabic: انسان) and al-Luaqi (Arabic: اللواقي) in the 19th century and was named after its founder, Mahmoud Pasha Hammadi, a member of the Hammadi family in Sohag, Egypt. Mahmoud Pasha Hammadi was a major landholder in Sohag, and known for his strong opposition to the British rule in Egypt beginning in 1882.In the city of Nag Hammadi, there is the palace of Prince Youssef Kamal, a member of the royal family (the family of Muhamad Ali Pasha), which overlooks the Nile River and is now an archaeological site.Nag Hammadi is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) west of ancient Chenoboskion(Ancient Greek : Χηνοβόσκιον) The "Nag Hammadi library", an important collection of 2nd-century Gnostic texts, was found at Jabal al-Tarif near Nag Hammadi in 1945.The city was the site of the Nag Hammadi Massacre in January 2010, in which eight coptic Christians were shot dead by three men. In total, nineteen Coptic Christians were attacked.EconomySugar and aluminium are produced in Nag Hammadi. The Nag Hammadi Sugar factory was built in 1895-1897 by French contractors Cail and Fives. It is still in operation in 2018. Egyptalum is one of the largest aluminium producer in the Middle East. Wood particleboard is manufactured from sugar cane bagasse.