Partiple(분사)

1. 분사가 명사를 수식할 때현재분사: 능동, 진행 ~하고 있는The man sleeping in the room is my cousin.과거분사: 수동 ~당한, ~된The man called Tom is my cousin.2. 용법1) 한정적: 앞, 뒤에서 명사를 수식a sleeping babythe things mentoined alone2) 서술적목적보어가 능동: 사람인 목적어+ 현재분사I heard her playing the piano.목적보어가 수동: 사물인 목적어+ 과거분사Did you hear your name called?3) 감정동사의 분사용법excite, bore, amuse, surprise, disappoint, exhaust, satisfy, interest, astonish, annoy, bewilder, confuse, frighten, irritate, embarrass사람 주어+ be +과거 분사We were bored with listening to her boring address.사물 주어+ be + 현재 분사It was an exciting game.3. 분사구문의 의미상 주어1) 의미상 주어주절 주어= 종속절 주어: 의미상 주어 생략Studying hard, you will pass the exam.If you study hard, you will ~주절 주어와 종속절 주어 다를 때(독립분사구문): 주어를 남긴다The weather being fine, we will go with you.= If the weather is fine, we will~2) 무인칭 독립분사구문generally speaking 일반적으로 말하면Generally speaking, women live longer than men.frankly speaking 솔직히 말힐다면strictly speaking 엄밀히 말한다면considering that ~ 을 고려할 때He looks oldish considering (that) he is so young.granting (that)~ 이라고 할지라도assuming that~ 라 가정하면taking all things into consideration 모든 점을 고려하면3) been, having been 생략수동태 문장에서주절동사와 같은 시제이면 ㅡ being 생략Scolded, he cried.= As she was scolded, she cried.주절보다 앞선 시제이면 ㅡ having been 생략Deceived by her, I couldn't trust her.As I had been deceived by her, I could ~4. 기타 주의사항1) 분사구문의 강조 형식~ ing as S+do(능동은 대동사 do)Standing as it does on the hill, the house commands a good view.이와 같이 언덕에 서 있었으므로, 그 집은 경관이 좋다. ~ ed (형용사), as + S+ be 동사: 수동은 be 동사 사용Published, as it was, at such a time, his work attracted attention.사실 그런 때에 출판되어서, 그의 저서는 주목을 끌었다. 2) with+목적어+분사(형용사)~ 한 채, ~ 하고서 : 부대상황She was walking along the shore with her arms folded.= She was walking along the shore folding her arms. 3) 분사가 뒤에서 대명사를 수식한다.Of those invited only a few came to the party.