< Discovery Education > 미국 초등학교 과학 - " 인체의 구조편 " 교사용 자료 2

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	3-5 > Human Body

Grade level: 3-5   학년 : 초등3~5 학년		Subject: Human Body /  과목 : 인체		Duration: One to two class periods    학습시간 : 1~2 시간

 

Objectives  : 학습 목표
Students will - 학생들은...

• act as a team of personal trainers to design, present, and justify an exercise and nutrition plan for an imaginary client; and - 한 팀을 이루어 가상의 개인 스포츠 트레이너가 되어 고객이 섭취해야할 음식과 영양분, 운동들을 정해주고 상담해 주면서...  
• discover how knowledge of the body's systems can help people reach personal health and fitness goals. - 우리의 몸에 대하여 잘 아는것이 우리들의 건강과 체력을 지켜주는데에 얼마나 큰 도움이 되는지를 알게합니다.

Materials  :  준비물

•  computer with Internet access  - 인터넷이 되는 컴퓨터
  
• library references on diet, nutrition, and exercise - 다이어트, 영양, 운동에 관한 참고 도서자료 

Procedures  :-  과정

1. After watching the video, have students summarize the function or job of each body system: nervous, digestive, respiratory, and musculoskeletal.
    
   
2. Ask students how knowing about even one system could help an athlete in training or a person who wants to tone muscles or stay healthy? For example, the video shows how a competitive swimmer increases his oxygen intake because he knows how the respiratory system works. - 학생들에게 인체의 부분중 단 한 부분만을 아는것으로도 운동선수들이나 일반사람들의 근육조절과 건강유지에 얼마나 큰 도움이 되는지를 가르쳐 줍니다.  예를들어 올림픽에 출전하는 수영선수가 그의 호흡기관이 어떻게 작용하는지를 잘 앎으로써 수영할때에 산소 흡입을 늘릴수 있다는 것를 알려줍니다.    
    
   
3. Tell students that they will use their knowledge of body systems and do additional research to act on a team of personal trainers for a client below: - 학생들에게 인체에 대한 지식을 이용하여 다음과 같은 상황에 그들이 (가상으로) 개인 스포츠 트레이너가 되어 고객들에게 상담을 해 줄 수 있다는 것을 알려줍니다.  
   • A 17-year-old high school soccer player wants to maintain a high energy level during soccer games. - 17살의 고등학생 축구선수가 축구 경기때에 높은 체력을 유지하고 싶어할 때...
   • A 35-year-old woman wants to tone the muscles in her stomach. - 35세의 여성이 찾아와 그녀의 몸매를 멋지게 유지시키고 싶어할 때...  
   • A 65-year-old man wants to keep his heart healthy. - 65세의 할아버지가 찾아와 어떻게 심장을 건강하게 유지시킬 수 있냐고 물어보실 때...  
4. Ask students if they know what a personal trainer does. This background information may be helpful: A personal trainer helps design an exercise and nutrition program that helps a person meet goals. Such trainers use their knowledge about how the body works to design individual plans and help their clients put them to use. People may hire a personal trainer for help in losing weight, becoming fit, getting stronger, staying healthy, increasing endurance, or improving athletic performance. -  학생들에게 개인 스포츠 트레이너들이 무슨일을 하는지 알려줍니다.. 개인 스포츠 트레이너들이 하는 일은 각각의 사람들에게 필요한 특정하고 개별적인 영양섭취와 운동들을 알려줌으로써 개개인이 원하는 목표에 도달할 수 있게끔 도와줍니다.  사람들은 개인 스포츠 트레이너들에게 다이어트나 근육키우기, 체력단련, 건강유지, 지구력강화, 운동 능력향상 등등에 관련된 상담과 관리를 받습니다.  

1. As a member of a personal training team, students must develop and present an exercise and nutrition plan that helps their client reach goals. A real -training plan would involve an ongoing exercise program and long-term diet, but the students' plans should include three or four exercises and a suggested diet for one day. In addition to exercises and menu, training teams will must show how their exercises and menu relates to least three facts about how the body systems work. Once a team has developed its plan, it will present it to the class.
    
   
2. Break students into teams. Have each team select a client from the list above. Then teams should consider the following questions:
   • What is the client's goal? Is it to lose weight, gain endurance or strength, get fit, tone muscles, or improve speed, athletic performance, or flexibility? The team members must identify this goal when they present their exercise plan and diet.
      
     
   • Given the goals of the client, how can eating certain foods help? For example, if the client wants more energy, which foods can help? If the client wants to maintain a healthy heart, which foods are low in cholesterol and saturated fat?

     To create a client's diet, have students refer to the Food Guide Pyramid, established by the United States Department of Agriculture. It is based on daily nutritional requirements established by the government. You may visit the Web sites below and print the appropriate material, or have the students visit the sites themselves. You may want to make available books and magazines about nutrition and healthful eating, exercise, and fitness.

     Food Pyramid
     http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2000/document/frontcover.htm

     For more information about different types of foods:
     http://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/

     To learn about foods that are good for the heart:
     http://www.americanheart.com

     For information about exercise, consult these Web sites:
     http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/fit/work_it_out.html
     http://www.key2fitness.com/index.html
     http://www.fitness.gov/activelife/pepup/pepup.html
     http://www.americanheart.com
3. Once students have finished their research, they should develop the plan for their client. It should include the client's goals, a recommended diet, three or four exercises, and three facts about the body's systems.
    
   
4. Have students present their plans to the class. You may want to have other students, teachers, or parents act as clients and ask questions and provide input.

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Eval‎uation
Use the following three-point rubric to eval‎uate students' work during this lesson.

• Three points:Students worked cooperatively in groups; used the Internet as a research tool well; completed the plan using valid information; and supported it with three accurate facts about body systems.
• Two points:Students worked somewhat cooperatively in groups; used the Internet somewhat as a research tool; completed the plan with mostly valid information; and supported it with facts that were mostly accurate about body systems.
• One point:Students participated little, if at all, in class discussions; had difficulty completing their research; did not complete their scrapbooks.

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Vocabulary
cardiovascular
Definition:Relating to the heart and blood vessels
Context:Most people who have heart disease try to do exercises that improve their cardiovascular conditioning.

cholesterol
Definition:A type of fat found in animal products; too much can be bad for the heart.
Context:To reduce the risk of heart disease, he limited the amount of cholesterol in his diet.

diet
Definition:The usual food and drink of a person or animal
Context:Eating a healthful diet helps us feel good and stay healthy.

endurance
Definition:The ability to sustain stressful effort or activity
Context:Soccer players must have endurance to run up and down the field for the entire game.

exercise
Definition:Activity that is formed to develop or maintain fitness
Context:I feel really good on the days I exercise.

nutrient
Definition:A source of nourishment, especially a nourishing ingredient in a food.
Context:Carbohydrates are a nutrient that supplies the body with energy.

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Standards
This lesson plan addresses the following standards from the National Science Education Standards:
Grades K-4
Science in Personal and Social Perspectives: Personal health

Grades 5-8
Science in Personal and Social Perspectives: Personal health
Science in Personal and Social Perspectives: Risks and benefits

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Credits
Robin Porter, freelance education writer

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