한자발음 알고보면 대부분 산스크리트어에서 온 것이다.강의講義 파괴破壞 ,밀 密 .가질,지 持 편

[나비우스]

강이 강의 

국어사전

강의 (講義) [강ː의, 강ː이]

한자음은 어떻게 생기는 것인가?

한자발음의 어원을 알고싶으면 산스크리트어나 드라비다어,알타이어를 찾아야 한다!

Meaning: "say" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Altaic: *găŋi ( ~ -i̯a-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

 

Eurasiatic: *gaŋV

Meaning: to call, explain

Altaic: *găŋi ( ~ -i̯a-)

 

Uralic: *kanV (*kaŋV)

 

Number: 242

Proto: *kanV (*kaŋV)

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to call

German meaning: rufen

Hungarian: hív- (1 p. hívok, dial. hilok, híok, híjom, hijom) 'rufen; nenneb, heißen' ?

Nenets (Yurak): χān- (O) 'rufen, bitten'

Enets (Yen): kaŋa- 'bitten, rufen'

Selkup: k͔uera-, k͔ûera- (Ta.), k͔uera- (Ke.) 'rufen', kera- (Ty.) 'beim Namen rufen', qē̮ri̮- (Tur.) '(zu sich) rufen'

Addenda: Mot. кагнамъ 'прошу'

Eskimo-Aleut: *kaŋi-ʁ- ?

 

Proto-Eskimo: *kaŋi-ʁ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: meaning, to understand

Russian meaning: смысл, понимать

Proto-Yupik: *kaŋiʁ-(ci-)

Proto-Inupik: *kaŋiʁ-(ci-)

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 157

References: ND 647 *güʕaŋ[o] 'voice, to produce a sound' (TM-Ur.; also listing many onomatopoeia in various families).

Meaning: to explain, tell, say

Russian meaning: объяснять, говорить

Turkic: *geŋe-

 

Proto-Turkic: *geŋe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to advise 2 advice

Russian meaning: 1 советовать(ся) 2 совет

Old Turkic: keŋeš 2, keŋeš- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: keŋe- 'to settle one's affairs with someone' (MK, KB), keneš 2, keŋeš- 1 (MK, KB)

Turkish: gengeš- 1 (dial.)

Tatar: kiŋäš 2

Middle Turkic: keŋeš 2, keŋeš- 1 (Abush., Sangl.)

Uighur: käŋäš- 1 (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: keŋes- 1, keŋis 2

Azerbaidzhan: gänäš- 1 (dial.)

Turkmen: geŋeš- 1, geŋeš 2

Oyrat: keŋeš- 1 (Верб.)

Chuvash: kanaš 2, kanaš-la- 1

Kirghiz: keŋeš 2, keŋeš- 1

Kazakh: keŋes 2, keŋes- 1

Noghai: keŋes 2

Bashkir: käŋäš 2

Balkar: kengeš 'counsel'

Karaim: kenes, keneš 2, keneš- 1

Karakalpak: keŋes 2, keŋes- 1

Kumyk: gengeš 'counsel'

Comments: VEWT 253, EDT 727, 734, ЭСТЯ 3, 21-22, TMN 3, 613-614.

Mongolian: *geɣe-

 

Proto-Mongolian: *geɣe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to speak, say

Russian meaning: говорить, сказать

Written Mongolian: ge- (L 372)

Middle Mongolian: ke'e- (SH, HYt), kē- (HYt), gi- (MA)

Khalkha: ge-

Buriat: ge-

Kalmuck: ge-, gɛ̄-, gī-

Ordos: ge-

Baoan: ge-

Dagur: geǯi (MD 149-150) (quotation particle - converb from *ge-)

Monguor: gi- (SM 135)

Mogol: ge- (Ramstedt 1906)

Comments: KW 132.

Tungus-Manchu: *g(i)aŋna-

 

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *g(i)aŋna-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to explain 2 to set (a riddle)

Russian meaning: 1 объяснять 2 загадывать (загадку)

Literary Manchu: ǵaŋna- 1

Ulcha: GaŋGa- 2

Orok: GaŋGaŋ Gajawo- 2

Oroch: gaŋga- 2

Udighe: gaŋiŋa 'riddle' (Корм. 220)

Comments: ТМС 1, 140 (the Manchu word is separated as a Chinese loanword, which is hardly the case).

Comments: Владимирцов 250, АПиПЯЯ 295, KW 132 (Turk.-Mong.). A Western isogloss.

[명사] 학문이나 기술의 일정한 내용을 체계적으로 설명하여 가르침.

북경어는 우리말의 강의 할때 '강'(講)을 

같-->갇-->갈-->가르-->갈-->간<-->강(비음호환;우리말 한자발음)

ㄱ과 ㅈ은 발음호환관계

'지앙' 혹은 '쟝' 이라고 발음한다.

지앙은 장<--> 잔(비음)

Meaning : "say" | Query method: Match substring

Proto-Dravidian : *jan-

Meaning : to say

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

 

Eurasiatic: *jVnV

Meaning: speak, sound

Borean: Borean

Altaic: *i̯ùjŋula ?

Uralic: *äne

Dravidian: *jan-

Comments: Altaic *i̯ùjŋula should rather be compared with PDR *áŋal- "to weep, grieve".

References: ND 2635 *yän[h/ʔ]V ~ *ʔänh/ʔV 'to speak, say'.

Proto-South Dravidian: *jan-

 

Proto-South Dravidian : *jan-

Meaning : to say

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : en_ (en_p-, en_r_-)

Tamil meaning : to say, utter, express

Tamil derivates : en_kai saying; en_pi (-pp-, -tt-) to make one establish or prove (as a statement)

Malayalam : ennuka

Malayalam meaning : to sound, say, think (defective); to sound thus, appear thus, be such (aux. vb.)

Kannada : en (end-), ennu, an (and-), annu

Kannada meaning : to say, speak, call, name

Kannada derivates : enisu, ennisu, enasu, anasu, anisu, annisu to cause to say, cause oneself to say, cause to be called, cause oneself to be called, be called, be spoken of; enuha, ennike, ennuvike, annuvike saying, calling, naming; embu, imbu a saying, a word

Kodagu : *enn- (emb-, end-)

Kodagu meaning : to say (so-and-so)

Tulu : anpini, inpini

Tulu meaning : to say, speak

Tulu derivates : endruni to say fully

Proto-Nilgiri : *in-

Number in DED : 0868

Proto-Telugu : *an-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *jan-

 

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *jan-

Meaning : to say

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : en- (ent-) "to say (so-and-so), be said to be (so-and-so)"

Kolami (Setumadhava Rao) : in- "to say (so-and-so), be said to be (so-and-so)"

Naikri : en- (ent-)

Naiki : en- (enḍ-)

Parji : en- (end-, ett-) "to say (so-and-so)"

Salur Gadba : in-

Number in DED : 868

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *in- (past stem *it_-)

Proto-North Dravidian : *ān-

영어사전

강의 (講義) 

lecture, class, course, lecture, teach, give a lecture (on)

드라비다어에는 강이 로 나와 있다.

이게 원래 한자어가 아니다.

드라비다어에서 가져 온 것이다.

파괴 

국어사전

파괴 (破壞) [파ː괴, 파ː궤]

[명사] 

1. 때려 부수거나 깨뜨려 헐어 버림. 

2. 조직, 질서, 관계 따위를 와해하거나 무너뜨림.

영어사전

파괴 (破壞) 

1. (건물·도시 등을) destruction, demolition, destroy, demolish, ravage, devastate, wreck

산스크리트어 gha ghe ghaya가 한자음 괴 로 됨

긍정 pa-->먹는다,보호한다,아버지

부정 pa--> 부수다 부서지다 

密 빽빽할,밀 

산스크리트어 mil 

교통정체로 차가 밀린다

가질,지 持  

산스크리트어 dhi   디--->지 

산스크리트어를 알면 한자는 그만큼 배우기 쉽다.

한자발음의 어원은 범어이기 때문이다.

[물처럼바람처럼]

밀렸다
​
milita-mIlita=closed, obstructed,
partly opened p.819
​
범어는 밀리따​

[물처럼바람처럼]

파괴

pha=manifest, swelling, bursting with
a popping noise, bubbling, boiling p.715

ga-gA=to go, go towards, come,
approach, to go away, to walk
(on a path), to desire to go p.352

u=and, also, further, as, to call to, hail,
to roar, bellow p.171

i=this, that, to go, to go to or towards,
come p.163

pha-ga-u-i=빵 소리(bursting with
a popping noise)-내고(to go)-큰소리내는(to roar)-이(this)

[물처럼바람처럼]

ji=to win or acquire (by conquest or in

gambling), conquer (in battle), vanquish

(in a game or lawsuit), defeat, excel,

surpass, to conquer (the passions),

overcome or remove (any desire or

difficulties or diseases), to expel from,

to be victorious, gain the upper hand,

to cause to win, to be made to conquer,

to wish to win or obtain or conquer or

excel, conquering p.420

[물처럼바람처럼]

di-dI=to decay, perish, ruin p.480

디지다!

[물처럼바람처럼]

dhi=to hold, receptacle, to nourish, satiate,

satisfy, to delight, please p.516