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★§ 14. [The + Adjective] 흑은 [The + Participle] 로 해서
복수보통명사, 추상명사, 물건의 어느 부분 을 가리킨다.
다음은 복수보통명사.
the killed, the dead, the dying,
the injured, the wounded,
the disabled, the sick,
the unemployed,
the homeless
the young, the old, the elderly
the rich, the poor,
the wise, the foolish,
the learned, the unlearned, (러니드 learnt)
다음은 추상명사
the true, the good, the beautiful,
the wrong, the right,
the sublime,
the ridiculous,
다음은 전체의 한 부분.
The thick of the forest.
The middle of a river.
★§ 15. Adverb 역할 을 하는 [The + 형, 부 의 비교급 ]
He worked the harder because he had been praised. 그만큼 더
I felt the better for my journey.
He returned none the wiser. 여전히 모르고 돌아왔다.
The more one has, the more one wants.
The higher we climbed, the colder it became.
★§ 16. THE 의 IDIOMATIC USE
in the, on the, to the 가 주로 많다.
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in the daytime.
in the sun 햇볕에, in the shade, in the rain, in the cold,
in the distance, on the spot 그자리에서,
to the contrary 對. 반대편에, many instances to the contrary,
on the contrary 猶. 아니 오히려, " You look tired." " on the contrary, I feel fine."
On the whole 대체로, In the main 주로, 대부분.
in the way 방해, on the way 도중에,
You are in the right. 네가 올다.
He replied in the affirmative. 긍정, in the negative, 부정.
on the increase, on the decrease,
on the rise, on the fall,
on the flow, on the ebb 퇴조,
on the march 행군, on the move 움직임,
on the wing, The moon is on (or in) the wane.
on the watch 지키다, on the defensive, on the offensive.
to the point 요점을 찔러서,
It is out of question. 가능,
Such a success is out of the question. 불가능.
That is beside the question. 별문제이다.
to the skin 흠뻑, to the waist. 허리까지,
His words stung me to the quick. the quick is very sensitive living flesh.
부정否定. 안된다. That's out of THE question. 논의의 대상 밖이다.
(긍정肯定. 된다.That's out of question. 물어 볼 것도 없다.) (오늘날 쓰지 않는다)
IDIOMS
a shot in the arm. 자극제. 도움이 되는 것을 의미.
a chip off the old block. 부모와 아주 닮은 판박이
the fly in the ointment. 옥에 티. 하자.
water under the bridge. 지나간 일을 의미
bite the dust. 먼지를 물었으니 결과는 실패라는 뜻.
get the lead out. 서둘러서 하자는 뜻.
cut the mustard. 기대하는 것 만큼 결과가 좋다
paint the town red. 술집을 누비고 다니다
lead the way. 앞장서다.
★§ 17. [ The + Proper noun ] .
Refer to: http://blog.daum.net/hanngil/12410302
the 를 붙이는 고유명사:
the "Bible" 성경책을 지칭.
the "Invinsible" or the Invinsible
the "Queen Mary" or the Queen Mary (선박은 Italic style로 하기도)
the Alburz Mountains, the Elburz Mountains 산맥.
the Alpine Mountains
the Alps
the Amazon River 강.
the Americans 민족.
the Andes
the Antilles 제도.
the Atlantic Coastal Plain 평원.
the Atlantic Ocean 바다.
the Bank of England
the Bay of Bengal 만.
the BBC 방송국.
the Bering Strait 해협.
the British Museum 영국박물관 이름.
the Cameroons → Cameroon 관행.
the Campania 관행.
the Canary Islands
the Caribbean Sea
the Caspian Sea
the Central Siberian Plain
the Chinese
the Christians
the Congo Free States
the Crimea 관행 ( 관행은 사라지고 있어 the 없이 쓰고 있다)
the Democratic Republic of the Congo
the Department of Commerce 부처.
the Empire State Building
the Equator 적도.
the Financial Times 경제시사 잡지 이름.
the Finger Lakes 호수.
the Formosa Strait
the Gobi Desert
the Grand Canal 운하.
the Great Lakes
the Great Plains
the Great Wall of China 만리장성.
the Gulf of Guinea 걸프.
the Gulf of Mexico
the Hague 관행.
the Himalayas
the Iberian Peninsula 반도.
the Indies 동인도제도
the International Dateline 날자변경선.
the Korean Peninsula
the Koreans
the Kremlin 관행.
the KTX
the Liberals 정당 이름.
the Mongolian Plateau 분지.
the Museum of Modern Art 행사 이름.
the National Gallery
the National Theatre
the Netherlands
the Pacific Ocean
the Panama Canal
the Persian Gulf
the Philippines
the Plateau of Tibet
the Prime Meridian
the Punjub 관행.
the Pyrenees
the Rhein
the river road → River Road
the Rockies
the Rocky Mountains
the Sahara 사막.
the Sahara Desert
the Solomon Islands
the Strait of Gibraltar ( strates 가 아님)
the Sudan 관행.
the Suez Canal
the Tower of London 관행.
the Treasury Department
the Tropic of Cancer 회기선 지역.
the Tropic of Capricorn
the U.S.A. 연방국가.
the United Arab Emirates
the United Kingdom. Great Britain
the United States
the United States of America
the University of London 대학정식이름. cf. London University.
the Vatican 관행.
the Yalu
the Yangtze
고유명사에 The 가 이미 붙어 있는 경우:
(대개의 경우 신문, 잡지 이름에 the를 붙이고 있다)
The Economist
The Guardian
The New York Times
The Observer
The Oldie
The Times
The Wall Street Journal
The Washington Post
( 신문 잡지 이름에 the가 없는 경우는 the "Dong A Ilbo" 와 같이 한다.)
The White House
The British Museum
The Houses of Paliament
=The Palace of Westminster
cf. Hudson Bay, Baffin Bay, San Francisco Bay.
cf. Kamchatka Peninsula. cf. Lake Victoria, Lake Erie.
(Checked by Grammarly)
ㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡㅡ
From the "English grammar by Murphy"
1. 국민
< the + Adj = 국민 >
the English, a Englishman.
the French, a Frenchman
the Chinese, a Chinese
the Japanese, a Japanese
the Swiss, a Swiss
< the+people = 국민>
the Scots, a Scot
the Germans, a German
the Italians, an Italian
the Turks, a Turk.
the Russians, a Russian
the Mexicans, a Mexican
the Brazilians. a Brazilian
2. < 다음은 the 를 쓰지 않는다 >
가) streets, roads, squares, parks:-
Union Steet,
Fifth Avenue,
Piccadilly Circus,
Hyde Park
Blackrock Road,
Broadway,
Times Square,
Waterloo Bridge.
나) Proper noun 으로 시작하는 two-words buildings, institutions.
Kennedy Airport,
British Airways,
Cambridge University.
Victoria Staton,
Edinburgh Castle,
London Zoo.
Westminster Abbey,
Buckingham Palace,
Canterbury Cathedral.
(cf. the White House, the Royal Palace. 형용사가 앞에 있다.)
Lloyds Bank,
Mcdonalds,
Jack's Guest House,
Harrods shop.
St John's Church,
St Paul's Cathedral.
Fiat,
Sony.
Kodak,
IBM
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