고급어휘 wanton의 어원,백수건달 할때 건달의 어원은 무엇인가? 놈팡이 우리말이 세계어가 되다!

<p><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">건달 한량이라고도 한다.</span></b></p><p><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">건들건들 하다.</span></b></p><p><b><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">바람이 부드럽게 살랑거리며 부는 모양</span></font><br></b></p><p><b><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">날라리 이 역시 인도 드라비다어에 있다.</span></font></b></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>국어사전</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>놈팡이 </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>1. ‘사내1’를 낮잡아 이르는 말. </b></span></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>2. 직업이 없이 빌빌거리며 노는 사내를 낮잡아 이른다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>국어사전</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>논팽이</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>1. 놀고먹고 일안하는 사람을 말하는 것이다.</b></span></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>소위 말하는 백수 를 낮추어 말하는 경상도 사투리</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>우리말 놈팡이가 세계적인 말이 되었다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>부랑아, 노숙자를 뜻하는 룸펜(lumpen)</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">터키어 lümpen  적응력이 부족하여 떠돌이 생활을 하는</span><br></b></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><br></span></b></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>러시아어 лу́мпен</b></span></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>발음 [ 룸펜 ] </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>스웨덴어 lumpen</b></span></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>1.비열한 2.천한 3.야비한</b></span></font></p><div><br></div><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>영어사전</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>lumpen </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>둔해 보이는</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>스페인어사전</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>lumpen  발음듣기</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>[남성명사] (= lumpemproletariado) [양성명사] 부랑 생활자, 룸펜</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>독일어 </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>lumpen [ |lʊmpṇ ]  </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>타동사 [드물게] (jn.) (누구를) 룸펜 취급하다</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>자동사 빈들빈들 지내다, 방탕한 생활을 하다, 유흥(游興)하다, 마시고 돌아다니다</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>Lumpen  </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>1.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>남성 (Fetzen, Lappen) 누더기, 넝마, 헝겊 조각;낡아빠진 옷, 헌옷</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>2.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>남성 쓰레기, 폐물</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>Lump  </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>1.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>남성 (원래:Lumpen) [드물게] 누더기</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>2.</b></span></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>남성 누더기를 걸친 사람;비참한 인간, 천민</b></span></font></p><p><b><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><br></span></font></b></p><p><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">한가하게 노는 남자.</span></b></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>흔히 방탕하게 노는 사람을 wanton 이라고 한다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>이것도 우리말이 바로 보이지.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">wanton  </span></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>w는 과거 v발음 그러니 말그대로 <span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">방탕 -->어원</span></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>1.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>[주로 명사 앞에 씀] (파괴・위해 행위가) 타당한 이유 없이 고의적인[악의적인]</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>wanton destruction </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>고의적인 파괴</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>a wanton disregard for human life </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>악의적인 인권 경시</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>2.</b></span></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>(구식 못마땅함) (보통 여자가) (이 남자 저 남자와) 마구 놀아나는, 음탕한</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b><br></b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>불교에서는 '음악의 신'을 건달파(乾闥婆, Gandharva)라고 불렀는데, </b></span></font></p><p></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>음악의 신인 '건달파'가 노래를 즐기면서 지내는 남자 라고 한다.</b></span></font></p><p><b><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;">건달의 어근 건드 는 인도 드라비다어에 있다.</span></b></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>건드+알-->건달 </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>건드-->성인 남자</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>알-->성인 남자</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>하여간 다 큰 어른 이라는 뜻이다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>우리말 한자어는 대부분 인도 산스크리트어와 인도 드라비다어 그리고 알타이어</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>공통조어에서 따오는 것이다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>그 발음들 중 일부를 취해서 한자발음으로 </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>차용하는 것이다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>그런 진실도 모르는 사람들이 존나 많다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>결론은 우리말 대부분은  인도 산스크리트어(범어)와 인도 드라비다어의 </b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>완전 짬뽕이다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>한자어 대부분 인도에서 말을 따오는 것이다.그리고 알타이 유목민족이 쓰던말을</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>따와서 버릴건 버리고 축약해서 만들어지는 것이다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>민족별로 서로 개성있게 가져간다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>버릴건 버리고 취할건 취하고 말이 차이가 나는 것도 이 때문이다.</b></span></font></p><p><font face="Arial, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"><b>우리말의 어원을 제대로 파고 싶으면 인도를 파라!</b></span></font></p><p><br></p><div class="query-info" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Proto-South Dravidian:</span></b><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">"gand" |</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><b><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Query method:</span></b><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Match substring</span></div><div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Dravidian :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*<span class="found" style="color: red;">gand</span>̣-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Nostratic etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+512&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Nostratic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Eurasiatic:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*gVntV</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Borean:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2feura%2fglobet&text_number=+353&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Borean</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Indo-European:</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fie%2fpiet&text_number=+260&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">? *ghand-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-IE:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*ghand-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">a k. of waterfowl'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Baltic:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fie%2fbaltet&text_number=+++109&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*gañd-r-a- c., *gand-am=</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Germanic:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fie%2fgermet&text_number=+++200&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*ganVt-a- m., *gand-Vr-a- m.</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> </div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Latin:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">ganta f. `Art Wasservogel, Brandgans'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Celtic:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">OIr gēd; Cymr gwyd, OCorn guit, Bret goaz, gwaz `Gans'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russ. meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">птица (водоплавающая)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">References:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">WP I 536</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Altaic:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2faltet&text_number=+498&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*gentV ( ~ k-)</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Altaic:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*gentV ( ~ k-)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Nostratic:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+512&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Nostratic</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male, self</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">самец, сам</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Turkic:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2fturcet&text_number=1833&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*[g]ẹntü (-nd-)</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13.718px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Turkic:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*[g]ẹntü (-nd-)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Altaic etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2faltet&text_number=+498&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Altaic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">self, himself</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">сам</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Old Turkic:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kentü (Orkh., OUygh.)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Karakhanid:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kendü (<a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=164" target="_blank">MK</a>)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Turkish:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kendi, dial. gendü</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Azerbaidzhan:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gendi</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Yakut:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kini 'he'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dolgan:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gini 'he', gien 'own'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=164" target="_blank">EDT</a> 728-729, <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=154" target="_blank">ЭСТЯ</a> 5, 38-39, Убрятова 1953, Räsänen 1957, 18, <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=182" target="_blank">Stachowski</a> 86.</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Mongolian:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2fmonget&text_number=1916&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*gendü</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 13.718px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Mongolian:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*gendü</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Altaic etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2faltet&text_number=+498&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Altaic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male of animals</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">самец животных</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Written Mongolian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gendü(n) (<a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=155" target="_blank">L</a> 376)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Khalkha:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gendǖ 'самец рыси, барса'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Buriat:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gende 'male sable' (Tunk., Okin.)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kalmuck:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gendṇ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=171" target="_blank">KW</a> 133.</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">A Turk.-Mong. isogloss. <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=38" target="_blank">Poppe</a> 25, <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=171" target="_blank">KW</a> 133, <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=2" target="_blank">ОСНЯ</a> 1, 226-227 (despite Doerfer's criticism in <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=175" target="_blank">TMN</a> 1, 489 the forms are perfectly semantically compatible).</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Uralic:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2furalic%2furalet&text_number=+404&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*kunta (?)</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Number:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">404</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*kunta</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">> Nostratic:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+512&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">> Nostratic</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">English meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kin, community</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">German meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">Geschlecht, Sippe, Gemeinschaft</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Finnish:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kunta (gen. kunnan) 'Gemeinschaft'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Estonian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kond (gen. konna) 'Gesellschaft, Gemeinschaft' ( > Saam. R kunde)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Saam (Lapp):</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gǫd'de (N) 'family, relations', ko<sub>i</sub>nt (T)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Mordovian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">końd́ä, kuńd́ä (M) 'Freund, Kamerad' ?</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Khanty (Ostyak):</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kăntǝɣ jaɣ (V) 'die Ostjaken', χăntǝ (DN), χănti (O) 'Ostjake, Mensch'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Mansi (Vogul):</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">khā̊nt (T), χā̊nt (N) 'Heer, Armee; Krieg', χōnt (KU), kōnt (P) 'Krieg, Kriegsheer'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Hungarian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">had 'Heer; Krieg; (altung.) Sippe, Geschlecht'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Enets (Yen):</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kode 'Stamm, Geschlecht'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Sammalahti's version:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">FU *kunta</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dravidian:</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fdravet&text_number=+365&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*ganḍ-</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> </div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Eskimo-Aleut:</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fesq%2fesqet&text_number=+620&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*ińuɣ ?</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">References:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=2" target="_blank">ОСНЯ</a> 1, 226-227, <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=1" target="_blank">МССНЯ</a> 362; <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=3" target="_blank">ND</a> 643 *gäNdu/ü 'male' (Alt.-Drav.).</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-South Dravidian:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fsdret&text_number=1026&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*<span class="found" style="color: red;">gand</span>̣-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-South Dravidian :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*ganḍ-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">man, male; hero</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dravidian etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fdravet&text_number=+365&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tamil :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kaṇṭan_</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tamil meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">warrior, husband</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tamil derivates :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><i>kaṇṭi</i> buffalo bull; <i>kaṇavan_</i> husband; <i>keṇṭan_</i> robust, stout man; <i>kiṇṭan_</i> fat man, strong person</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Malayalam :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kaṇṭan</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Malayalam meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">the male, esp. of cat</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Malayalam derivates :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><i>kaṇavan</i> husband; <i>kiṇṭan</i> big; a stout, bulky fellow; <i>kiṇṭappan</i> a stout and robust person</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kannada :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gaṇḍu</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kannada meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">strength, manliness, bravery; the male sex, a male, man</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kannada derivates :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><i>gaṇḍa</i> a strong, manly male person, a husband; strength, greatness; <i>gaṇḍasa</i>, <i>gaṇḍasu</i>, <i>gaṇḍusa</i>, <i>gaṇḍusu</i> male person; <i>gaṇḍike</i> prowess; <i>gaṇḍiga</i> a valiant man; (Hav.) <i>geṇḍã</i> husband; <i>geṇḍu</i> male</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kodagu :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">kaṇḍë</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kodagu meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male (of dogs and other animals, mostly wild; not of cats)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tulu :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gaṇḍu</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tulu meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male, valiant, stout</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tulu derivates :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><i>gaṇḍusu</i> husband; <i>gaṇḍụkāyi</i>, <i>gaṇḍụstana</i>, <i>gaṇḍastana</i> manliness; <i>garṇḍāḷụ</i> a stalwart man, giant; <i>kaṇḍaṇi</i>, <i>kaṇḍaṇye</i> husband; <i>gaṇṭè</i>, <i>gaṇṭapuccè</i> male cat; (Bhattacharya, brahmin dial.) <i>kaṇṭe</i> id.</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-Nilgiri :</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fktet&text_number=+196&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*gaṇḍ-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Nilgiri :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*ganḍ-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">South Dravidian etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fsdret&text_number=1026&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">South Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kota :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gaṇḍ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Toda :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">koḍṇ "Badaga husband"</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">1173</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">1173</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-Telugu :</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2ftelet&text_number=+581&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*<span class="found" style="color: red;">gand</span>̣-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Telugu :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*ganḍ-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">bravery, strength, the male of the lower animals</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dravidian etymology:</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fdravet&text_number=+365&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Telugu :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gaṇḍu</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Additional forms :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">Also [1] <i>gaṇḍũḍu</i>, [2] <i>gaṇḍãḍu</i> a brave, strong man; <i>gaṇḍ-ãḍu</i> to copulate</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">1173</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-Kolami-Gadba :</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fkogaet&text_number=1499&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*gaḍ-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Kolami-Gadba :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*gaḍ-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dravidian etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fdravet&text_number=+365&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Naikri :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">gaṛek (<i>pl.</i> -er) "man, male"</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">1173</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-North Dravidian :</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fndret&text_number=+284&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*genḍ- (?)</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-North-Dravidian :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*genḍ-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">male</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dravidian etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fdravet&text_number=+365&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Malto :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">geṇḍa</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Notes :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">If not a borrowing from SDR.</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">1173</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Notes :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">Unclear *-ḍ- in PKG, unless Naikri <i>gaṛek</i> goes back to an unaccented variant of the root (<i>*<span class="found" style="color: red;">gànd</span>̣-</i> > <i>*gaḍ-</i>?)</span></div></div><p><br></p><p><br></p><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Dravidian :</font></span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*āḷ-</span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Meaning :</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><span class="found" style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">man</span></span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Proto-South Dravidian:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fsdret&text_number=+361&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*āḷ</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-South Dravidian :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*āḷ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">man</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dravidian etymology:</span> <a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fdravet&text_number=+101&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tamil :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āḷ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tamil meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">man, husband, servant, labourer, adult</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tamil derivates :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><i>āḷan_</i> husband; (Tinn.) <i>āḷiyan</i> id.</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Malayalam :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āḷ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Malayalam meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">a person, able person, servant, slave</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kannada :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āḷ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kannada meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">servant, soldier, messenger, a grown person in general</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kannada derivates :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><i>āḷ</i>, <i>āṇ</i> male; manliness, bravery; <i>āḷike</i> state of being a person; <i>āḷutana</i>, <i>āḷtana</i> service; prowess, valour; <i>āḷma</i>, <i>āṇma</i>, <i>āṇba</i> husband</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kodagu :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āḷɨ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kodagu meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">servant</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tulu :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āḷụ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tulu meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">person, labourer, messenger</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tulu derivates :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;"><i>āḷmage</i> servant</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-Nilgiri :</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fktet&text_number=++68&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">*āḷ</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Nilgiri :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*āḷ</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">man</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">South Dravidian etymology:</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fsdret&text_number=+361&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">South Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kota :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āḷ "man, servant, husband"</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Toda :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">ōɫ̣ "man, Toda"</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Additional forms :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">Also Toda <i>ōḷ</i> coolie (< Tamil)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">399</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">0399</span></div></div></div></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Proto-North Dravidian :</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fndret&text_number=++61&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*āl</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-North-Dravidian :</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">*āl</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">adult, mature</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dravidian etymology:</span><span style="color: rgb(255, 94, 0);"> </span><a href="http://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fdrav%2fdravet&text_number=+101&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility; color: rgb(255, 94, 0);">Dravidian etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=http%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kurukh :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āl "adult male, husband, servant, mankind"</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Malto :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">āl-urqe "to grow up to maturity"</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Additional forms :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">Also KUR <i>ālas</i> an adult male person, husband, friend, servant, soldier.</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Number in DED :</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;">399</span></div></div></div></div><p><br></p>