감독 독서 讀읽을,독 督살필,독 한자음은 유라시아대륙 전역에서 말하는 발음

<p>독서하다 감독하다</p><p>讀독 督독 독 본다 살핀다 감시한다 지켜본다</p><p>show watch see look observe</p><p>독 덱 닥 댁 변형이 되기도 한다.</p><p>독--->록</p><p>둑--->룩 look</p><p>알록달록 </p><p>록 lok 산스크리트어 보다 see</p><p><br></p><p>indicate 가리키다 지시하다</p><p>dic</p><p><br></p><p>dictionary 사전</p><p>dic</p><p><br></p><p>독일어</p><p>zeigen [tsáɪgǝn] </p><p>1.타동사 보여주다, 알게 하다, 가르쳐주다</p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt;">2.타동사 보여주다, 상연하다</span><br></p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br></span></p><p>zeugen [tsɔ́ʏgǝn] 조이건</p><p>1.타동사 보여주다, 가리키다(zeigen).</p><p>2.자동사 증언하다</p><p></p><p>3.자동사 von et.3 zeugen 무엇을 증명하다, 무엇의 증거가 되다</p><p><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><br></span></p><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Altaic:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*t`ògà ( ~ -u-)</span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Nostratic:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+760&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Nostratic</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Eurasiatic:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*tVjḳV</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">show, point at</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Borean:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2feura%2fglobet&text_number=1014&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Borean</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Indo-European:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fie%2fpiet&text_number=1869&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*deik'-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-IE:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*deik'e-, -g'-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Nostratic etymology:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+760&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Nostratic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">to show</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Hittite:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tekkussai- (I) 'zeigen, präsentieren' (Friedrich 220)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Old Indian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">dídeṣṭi, diśáti, ptc. diṣṭá- `to point out, show'; diṣṭi- f. `direction, prescription'; diś- f. `quarter or region pointed at, direction', diśā f. `direction, region', deśá- m. `point, region, part'; deśinī f. `the index or forefinger'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Avestan:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">daēs- `zeigen; jemandem etwas zuweisen, zusprechen'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Old Greek:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">déi̯knǖmi, dei̯knǘō (kret. diknüti), aor. dêi̯ksai̯, pf. med. dédei̯gmai̯ `zeigen'; dêi̯ksi-s; dêi̯gma `Probe, Warenhalle', dei̯ktḗrio-n `Schauplatz', déi̯ktǟ-s nomen agentis; déi̯kelo-n `изображение'; ari-déi̯keto- `ausgezeichnet' (Hom.+); díkǟ f. `Weise, Sitte, Recht, Rechts-verhandlung, -sache, Strafe'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Baltic:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fie%2fbaltet&text_number=+++934&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*teîg- (-ja-) vb., *taig-ā̂- vb.</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Germanic:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fie%2fgermet&text_number=++1247&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*tī́x-a- vb., *tīg-n-á- m., *tix-t-i- c., etc.; *taik-n-a- m., n., *taik-n-i- c.</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Latin:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">dīcō (OLat -ei-), -ere, dīxī (OLat -ei-), dictum `sprechen, aussprechen, verkündigen, reden, singen; festsetzen, bestimmen; (er)nennen', dictāre `wiederholt sagen, diktieren, befehlen'; dicāre `feierlich verkünden'; dictiō, -ōnis f. `Aussprechen, Redeweise, Rede', dicāx, -cis `redegewand t, witzig'; causi-dicus `Sachwalter'; index, -icis m. `Anzeiger, Angeber'; iūdex `Richter'; diciō, -ōnis f. `Gewalt, Botmässigkeit, Gerichtsbarkeit'; dicis causā `um dem Scein des Rechts zu genügen; nur zur Form'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Other Italic:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Osk deíkum, deicum `dicere', deicans `dicant', dicust `dixerit'; dadíkatted `dedicavit', Umbr tikamne `*dicamine, dedicatione'; teitu, deitu `dicitō'; dersicust `dixerit', tic̨el `dedicatio',</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russ. meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">показывать, указывать (на нарушение закона)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">References:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">WP I 776 f</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Baltic has a contamination with the root *teik-.</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Altaic:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2faltet&text_number=2277&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*tū́jk`ú (cf. also </span></a><a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/alt/altet.dbf&text_recno=2416" target="_blank">*t`òga</a>̀ )<div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Uralic:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2furalic%2furalet&text_number=1879&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*täkkV</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Number:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">1879</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*täkkV</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">> Nostratic:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+760&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">> Nostratic</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">English meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">to look, observe</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">German meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">schauen, betrachten</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Khanty (Ostyak):</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">täɣǝn- (V Vj.) 'im Gedächtnis behalten, sich erinnern; Kenntnis haben; im Traum od. Rausch wahrnehmen und sich erinnern (sehen od. hören); vorhersagen', täɣǝntǝɣlǝ- (V) 'vorhaben, beabsichtigen, sich anschicken'</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Hungarian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tekint- 'blicken, schauen; für etw. ansehen, als etw. betrachten'</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kartvelian:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fkart%2fkartet&text_number=1117&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">? *ṭq̇w-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Kartvelian:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*ṭq̇w-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Nostratic:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+760&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Nostratic</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">узнать, заметить</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">English meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">to recognize, notice</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Georgian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">ṭq̇v-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Megrel:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">ṭq̇v-, ṭq̇u-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Notes and references:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">ЭСКЯ 184, EWK 338.</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Eskimo-Aleut:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fesq%2fesqet&text_number=+674&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*takuv-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14.44px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Eskimo:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*takuv-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Nostratic etymology:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fnostr%2fnostret&text_number=+760&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Nostratic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">to check out, to visit, to see</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">проверять, навещать, смотреть</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-Yupik:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fesq%2fyupet&text_number=1670&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*taku- (-jaʁ-)</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Proto-Inupik:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2fesq%2finupet&text_number=+776&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*taku- (-caʁ-), *takku-</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Cf. <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?flags=undnnnnp&root=config&basename=/data/esq/esqet&first=1&text_proto=*takvi{g|}-&method_proto=substring" target="_blank">*takviɣ-</a>, *tak(u)vi-ɣ 'to see well, pupil of eye'.</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comparative Eskimo Dictionary:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">326</span></div></div></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">References:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=3" target="_blank">ND</a> 2257 *tiḳ[ü] 'to show' (IE + diff. Alt., diff. Kartv. + Gz., Ngz.).</span></div></div></div></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">to <span class="found" style="color: red;">see</span>, beware</span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">видеть, обращать внимание</span></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Mongolian:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2fmonget&text_number=1071&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*toɣa-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Mongolian:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*toɣa-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Altaic etymology:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2faltet&text_number=2416&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Altaic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">1 to pay attention, take into account 2 number, count</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">1 обращать внимание на что-л., считаться с чем-л. 2 число, счет</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Written Mongolian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">toɣa-, toɣaɣa- (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=155" target="_blank">L</a> 814) 1, toɣa(n) 2 (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=155" target="_blank">L</a> 813)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Middle Mongolian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">to'an (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=156" target="_blank">HY</a> 44), to'a (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=176" target="_blank">SH</a>) 2, to'a- 'to count' (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=176" target="_blank">SH</a>), tula- 'to count', <i>tun</i> 2 (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=192" target="_blank">MA</a> 311, 316)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Khalkha:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tō- 1, <i>tō</i> 2</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Buriat:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tō- 1, tō(n) 2</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kalmuck:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tō- 1, <i>tō</i> 2</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Ordos:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tō- 1, <i>tō</i> 2</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dongxian:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tolu- 'to count' (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=194" target="_blank">Тод. Дн.</a>)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Dagur:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><i>tō</i> 2 (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=169" target="_blank">Тод. Даг.</a> 167, <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=170" target="_blank">MD</a> 226), tuāle 'to count' (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=170" target="_blank">MD</a> 226) tōše- 1</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Shary-Yoghur:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tūn 2</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Monguor:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><i>tō</i> (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=157" target="_blank">SM</a> 424) 2</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Mogol:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">toa 2 (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=196" target="_blank">Ramstedt 1906</a>)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=171" target="_blank">KW</a> 404, <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=172" target="_blank">MGCD</a> 636, <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=175" target="_blank">TMN</a> 1, 261. Mong. > Oyr. <i>tō,</i> Man. <i>ton</i> (see <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=198" target="_blank">Doerfer MT</a> 139, <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=158" target="_blank">Rozycki</a> 211). A probable derivative is WMong. tuɣurbi- , Khalkha tūrvi-, Kalm. tūrẃǝ- 'to compile, consider, plan'.</span></div></div></div></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tungus-Manchu:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2ftunget&text_number=+109&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*tuga- (~ -b-)</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Tungus-Manchu:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*tuga- (~ -b-)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Altaic etymology:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2faltet&text_number=2416&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Altaic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">1 to see 2 to check 3 to beware</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">1 видеть 2 проверять 3 остерегаться</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Even:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tewuŋči- 3</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Spoken Manchu:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tā- 1 (173)</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Literary Manchu:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tuwa- 1</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Jurchen:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tonǯu-lar (804) 2</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=159" target="_blank">ТМС</a> 2, 203, 226.</span></div></div></div></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Japanese:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2fjapet&text_number=1326&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*tàkù-</span></a><div class="subquery_result" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204); border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 15.2px; margin-left: 3em; padding-left: 1em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fminus-8.png" class="minus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"> <div class="results_record" style="background-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); padding: 5px; border-top: 1px solid rgb(136, 136, 136); border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238);"><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;"><font color="green">Proto-Japanese:</font></span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">*tàkù-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Altaic etymology:</span> <a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fdata%2falt%2faltet&text_number=2416&root=config" target="_self"><span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">Altaic etymology</span></a><div class="subquery_link" style="display: inline; padding-left: 0.5em;"><img src="https://img1.daumcdn.net/relay/cafe/original/?fname=https%3A%2F%2Fstarling.rinet.ru%2Ficons%2Fplus-8.png" class="plus" style="border: 1px solid rgb(85, 85, 85); padding: 1px;"></div></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">to plan, consider</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Russian meaning:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">планировать, обдумывать</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Old Japanese:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">takum-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Middle Japanese:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tàkùm-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Tokyo:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">takurám-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kyoto:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tákúrám-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Kagoshima:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">tàkùràm-</span></div><div><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;"><a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=168" target="_blank">JLTT</a> 762.</span></div></div></div></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: "Malgun Gothic"; font-size:12pt;"><span class="fld" style="font-weight: bold;">Comments:</span> <span class="unicode" style="font-family: "Starling Serif", "Times New Roman PSMT Pro", "Charis SIL", "Doulos SIL", "Arial Unicode MS"; text-rendering: optimizelegibility;">The etymology was first proposed in fact by Vullers 1855, but rejected by Doerfer (<a href="https://starling.rinet.ru/cgi-bin/response.cgi?&single=1&root=config&basename=/data/biblio/biblio.dbf&text_recno=175" target="_blank">TMN</a> 1, 263) without due discussion.</span></div><p><br></p>