Natural Artistry Defies Darwinism
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john stonestreet
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with
g. shane morris |
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The
wings of a bird, the colors of a butterfly, and the patterns on a
seashell defy the theory of Darwinian evolution. Many of us intuit,
simply by looking at the splendor //that permeates the natural world, that
there must be some agent /involved /other than blind mutations or mere
survival-of-the-fittest mechanisms.
* intuit - understand or work out by instinct.
And now, it seems, some scientists
are beginning to accept that intuition, finally admitting that beauty
cannot be explained by the theory of evolution, at least as we know it.
In a surprising article in The New York Times,
Ferris Jabr writes about a small but growing band of scientists //who
argue that natural selection alone can’t account for the eye-popping
artistry () we see in nature.
* account for sth definition: 1. to form the
total of something: 2. to form part of a total: 3. to explain the reason
for something or the cause of something
He cites Yale ornithologist Richard Prum, who
argues in his book, “The Evolution of Beauty,” that the elaborate
plumage and outrageous mating displays of many birds confer no obvious
survival advantage. Instead, they often put these birds /at a
disadvantage, wasting precious energy and making them stand out to
predators.
By
all the conventional rules of evolution, such costly adaptations should
have disappeared long ago. Instead, says Prum, we find them all over
nature, not only in birds, which play their wings like violins, but in beetles with high-fidelity, crystalline scales,
fish with flags for tails, and a whole assortment of mammals sporting
over-the-top headgear. Our world is bursting with unnecessary beauty
//that Jabr describes as “an affront to the rules of natural selection.” * Over-the-top definition is - extremely or excessively flamboyant or outrageous. * sport 타동사; 1. To wear or have on one's body, especially prominently or ostentatiously: * fish with flags for tails 국기처럼 생긴 꼬리가 있는 물고기
Now,
the traditional explanation for aesthetically awe-inspiring traits is
that they show off an animal’s fitness to potential mates. The parrot
with the brightest plumage might have the healthiest immune system. The
lion with the bushiest mane must be the most successful hunter.
But
more and more scientists are challenging this so-called “good genes”
theory. Many natural ornaments, like the flamboyant tail of the peacock,
put their owner /in serious danger without necessarily signaling genetic
fitness. Yet peahens (or the females) keep picking the fellahs with the
biggest, brightest tails to sire their offspring. * fellahs. n. Informal A man or boy; a fellow.
While
many scientists insist that somehow a cumbersome caboose confers a
survival benefit, Prum thinks that’s ridiculous. Animals are beautiful
not because beauty is useful, he insists, but because…they like it!
Through a process called “sexual selection,” Prum and other experts now
believe () animals shape their own evolution, choosing features in mates
//that strike their fancy, and exaggerating these over countless
generations /to produce colors, shapes, and behaviors //that dazzle human
observers.
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