현대판 요나- 제임스 바틀리

[하토브]

제임스 바틀리가 1891 년 2월 남대서양 포클랜드 섬 부근에서 고래잡이 하다가 물에 빠져 고래가 삼켰는데, 나중에 고래를잡아서 올린다음 배를 열어보니까, 제임스 바틀리가 의식을 잃은채 살아 있었다는 일화가 있습니다. 그가 나중에 나왔을 때 그의 머리털 등은 모두 없는 상태였다고 합니다. 그런데 이 일화를 확인하려는 사람들이 있었는데 그뒤로 별로 확인되지 않았다고 합니다. 그렇지만 그해 10월에 잡지들이 보도함으로서 알려지게 되었습니다. 제가 한국에 있을 때 극동방송 송용필 목사(당시 부사장)가 이 이야기를 해준 적이 있습니다.

This is a Twaintimes.net   pop-up page

- James Bratley,  a modern day Jonah -

    In February 1891 the whaling ship STAR OF THE EAST was reportedly working near the Falkland Island's when one of its crewmen, James Bartley was swallowed by a sperm whale.

    The sailor was presumed dead until, some time later when the whale was harpooned and cut open.  Inside they found Bartley, unconscious and curled up in a ball, but alive.

    The amazing story was first published in England when the October issue of Great Yarmouth Mercury carried it.  Since then it has appeared, as fact, in many other publications.

    It was not exposed as a hoax until 1924.  Not in print at least.  The story probably made great reading in the newspapers as, like today, many people believed everything and anything that appeared in print, or on the television.  Much the same way that, in 1938, hundred's of people would believe the Mercury Theater on the Air broadcast when Orson Wells presented his Halloween classic, War Of The World's, radio show.

    Mark Twain was surely aware of the 1891 report and, I like to think, would have had a good laugh at the uproar caused by the Martian invasion of 1938.
http://twaintimes.net/popup/whale.html

그러나 다음의 이야기는 훨씬 더 자세합니다.

Swallowed Alive!
An apocryphal and oft repeated tale

This is a copy of a magazine article that was not uncommon in the latter half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Though was rarely told the same way twice and always without any specific verifiable details, even down to the name of the ship and whether or not it was a whaler and in the area described at that time. It is usually preceded with something along the lines of:

"Well authenticated facts" were found "while browsing through some old records"

"A whaling ship, the Star of the East was cruising off the Falkland Islands. A huge cachalot whale - the toothed sperm-whale of southern waters - surfaced, and a whale-boat was dispatched in pursuit. In the struggle the whale-boat was smashed to pieces and it was found that a young seaman named James Bartley was missing. The whale was killed and brought alongside. The next morning the flensers had been busy for two hours when they noticed a strange undulating movement in the whales stomach. They slit it open and found James Bartley doubled up inside unconscious.

It is stated that he required four weeks to recover sufficiently to tell his tale. He had found himself engulfed and sliding down a slippery channel, the walls of which quivered at his touch. The great heat of the whales stomach "drained all his strength"; then he remembered no more until he woke aboard the ship. The whales digestive juices had permanently bleached Bartley's face, hands, neck and arms as white as snow. The opinion was expressed that a strange combination of circumstances had given him his million-to-one chance of survival: (1) The whale's "serrated teeth" had missed his body. (2) The whale had soon been killed, which lowered its body temperature."

This is certainly a hoax the like of which seamen traditionally reserve for the gullible. In the nature of such hoaxes it is of course impossible to disprove claimed events in the past. Several factors point in this direction; no source is quoted, merely "browsing through old records". The "well authenticated facts" are given no authenticity.

If a man were swallowed by a whale, he would be entirely without oxygen and the temperature would accelerate heat stress causing him to die very quickly. Even if a sperm whale could swallow a man (see below) a live unharmed one would certainly put up a fight (wouldn't you?!)  requiring him to be bitten and subdued, possibly (probably) killed in the process.

A modern day Jonah, from "Natural History" 1947
after P. Budker 1959 - "Whales and Whaling"

"I was greatly interested in the letter appearing in your April publication (above) concerning the incredible incident of the unfortunate seaman, Jas. Bartley, who was swallowed by  a sperm-whale and lived to tell the tale. My interest is in a sense personal because of my small part in a similar though not so fortunate accident. Incidentally, I am inclined to agree with Dr. Murphy's remarks concerning the dubiousness of the tale quoted.

It was in February or March 1893 or 1894 when, as a young surgeon, I was attached to the sealing fleet out of St. John's, Newfoundland, as much for the adventure as for my "sealer's share" of the trip. We sailed on the schooner Toulinguet, one of a considerable fleet of wooden ships bent on a winter's take of seal pups.

One of the lads in another ship had the misfortune, in full view of his comrades, to become isolated from the others on an ice pan, from which he fell into the icy waters in the proximity of a huge sperm-whale. The whale was apparently as lost and out of season in those Arctic  waters as he was confused and angered by the sudden appearance of a fleet of ships and men.

Somehow the poor fellow was swallowed by the whale, which then made for one of the smaller sealers. A lucky shot from a small cannon mounted on her stern mortally wounded the huge mammal and served to change his course, though he travelled a full three miles out to sea before his final death thrashing. The next day he was found belly-up by one of the long boats as it was searching for a seal: and although it was impossible under those conditions to bring him in, the men, by a valiant effort and many hours of hard labour were able to hack their way through his abdomen below the diaphragm and isolated his huge gas-filled "upper stomach" which apparently contained their comrade. This was severed with some difficulty at the cardia and in the first portion of the duodenum, They brought it to me for inspection and also for preservation of the man's body, as it was hoped he could be returned to his native Argentia (Newfoundland) for burial.

At first I attempted the dissection with my scalpel, but quickly gave it up in favour of one of the sharpest galley-knives. The stomach was finally opened and gave off an overpowering stench. A fearsome sight met our eyes. The young man had apparently been badly crushed in the region of his chest, which may have been enough to kill him out-right. (In any event, an examination of his lungs revealed a general atelectasia with marked haemorrhage throughout.) The most striking findings were external, however: the whale's gastric mucosa had encased his body (particularly the exposed parts) like the foot of a large snail. His face, hands, and one of his legs, where a trouser leg had been pulled up or torn, were badly macerated and partially digested. It was my opinion that he had no consciousness of what happened to him. Curiously enough some lice on his head appeared to still be alive.

The appearance and odour were so bad that all save I were forced to turn away, and we were obliged to consign him to the briny deep - the last resting place of many a good sealer - rather than carry him back to his rocky homeland.

I believe this tends to corroborate Dr. Murphy's remarks."

Boston, Mass                               Egerton Y. Davis, Jr

http://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica%20fact%20file/wildlife/whales/sperm_whale_tales.htm

[하토브]

두번째 보고는 그 일이 1893혹은 1894년에 있었다고 말하면서 훨씬 자세한 이야기를 말하고 있습니다. 아무튼 요나가 큰 물고기에 들어갔다가 나오는 것은 얼마든지 가능했다고 생각되어집니다.

[soldier]

[눅1:37]하나님께는 불가능한 일이 전혀 없느니라."고 하더라.
하나님께서는 인간에게 합리적이십니다. 비록 인간의 생각으로 어렵겠다 싶지만 요나는 제임스 바틀리를 삼킨 고래보다 훨씬 더 컸던것으로 보입니다. 우리는 하나님이 성경에 요나가고래를 삼켰다 하더라도 하나님 말씀을 믿는믿음이 필요하겠지요. 내 생각을 하나님 생각에 맞추기보담은 하나님 생각에 내생각을 맞춰야 하는데 그러지 못한 인간들이 많은것 같습니다.

[헤세드]

제임스 바틀리의 머리털이 없어진것은 왜일까요? 고래가 그냥 삼켰는데....그리고 의식은 당연히 잃었을것 같습니다..아마도 그고래가 먹이를 먹었으니 소화를 시켜야 하니 위산이 분비되어 숨쉬기도 어려울 뿐더러...아마도 그머리털이 산화되어 없어지지 않았을까 추측해봅니다..옜날 어릴때 고래배속에 있는 요나가 얼마나 답닺했을까를 더러 상상해보면 아마 눈도 뜨기가 힘들었을것 같다는 생각을 해본적이 있었는데....정말 현대판 요나네요..