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인간 동물원 : 야만의 발명

Human Zoos: The Invention of the Savage

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Paperback – August 31, 2012
by Gilles Boëtsch (Author), & 2 more


Human Zoos offers a fascinating, sobering and macabre tour of man’s exploitation of man--that is, Western man’s exploitation of non-Western men and women--as recorded throughout the early history of photography, from the 1860s to the 1930s and the invention of “humane exhibiting” of nonwhite persons. Freak shows, the circuses of Buffalo Bill and P.T. Barnum and European colonial exhibitions provided the occasions for most of these images, several of which were incorporated into posters, postcards and other ephemera, designed with an improbable jauntiness. Human Zoos traces the evolution of such paradigmatic conceptions as “specimen,” “savage” and “native” for the designation of peoples as various as Native Americans, Asians and Africans from all corners of the continent. As horrific and compelling as it is brilliantly researched and compiled, this volume unflinchingly surveys the very recent history of the West’s arrogant abuse of those deemed to fall outside its brutal terms of civilization.


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The Human Zoo: Invention of the Savage
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By Frank Browning
Paris—

Remember those pictures of the African disk-mouth people in the 1950s National Geographics or the alleged Amazonian cannibals with what looked like pencils piercing their noses? This winter they’re at the top of the charts at the relatively new and clearly sexiest of museums, the Musee de Quai Branly, the temple to “ethnographic art” built by France’s star architect Jean Nouvel a few years back. The expo is called “Human Zoo: The Invention of the Savage.” It’s all about how anthropologists, intellectuals and circus entrepreneurs who teamed up with the new art of photography 150 years ago to invent the Western idea of “savage” people.

The show’s curators say that some 35,000 men, women and children were brought to Europe and America between 1800 and 1950, then paraded before white Europeans and Americans in what were essentially “human zoos” of people presented as “exotics,” “freaks” and “monsters.”

General curator—and former soccer star—Lilian Thuram spent two years sorting through flyers, postcards, magazines, books and films. “They explain the racist prejudices, with their hierarchies and contempt, that live on in our society,” Thuram says. “When I go into schools to talk about racism, children still do not know that there are not several different races, but just one species: Homo sapiens. How many people still think, consciously or unconsciously, that the color of a person’s skin determines their qualities or faults? Do Blacks run faster? Do Whites swim faster?”



http://achac.com/zoos-humains/human-zoos-the-invention-of-the-savage/