시역_과학기술_배소영

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시역_과학기술_배소영.docx

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본 연설문은 Gina Raimondo 미국 상무장관님의 연설문 일부를 편집한 것이며 반도체 및 과학법과 미국의 과학기술 분야의 글로벌 리더십 유지를 위한 장기 비전에 대한 내용을 다루고 있습니다.

글로서리는 표를 참고하시거나 본문 고유명사 옆 대응어를 참고하시어 시역하시면 되겠습니다.

Remarks by U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo: The CHIPS Act and a Long-term Vision for America’s Technological Leadership

분류	연설문	분량	지문 1개(1214 단어)
연사	U.S. Secretary of Commerce Gina Raimondo
일시	Thursday, February 23, 2023
링크	(Script) https://www.commerce.gov/news/speeches/2023/02/remarks-us-secretary-commerce-gina-raimondo-chips-act-and-long-term-vision (Video) [5:18~15:06] https://youtu.be/ROfq4KFViNg?si=w77fhqe6RxkT0lCR&t=317

Glossary

Part 1
1	CHIPS and Science Act	반도체 및 과학법 / 칩스법
2	land-grant university	랜드그랜트 대학교 / 토지 공여 대학
3	FAB	팹
4	computer science, electrical engineering, material science	컴퓨터 공학, 전기 공학, 재료 과학
5	DOD	국방부

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Today I want to talk about the vision. I want to talk about the incredible opportunity that we have now in America as a nation, to unleash the next generation of American innovation, protect our national security and preserve our global economic competitiveness as we implement the CHIPS and Science Act (반도체 및 과학법 / 칩스법). You know America is a nation of invention. America is a nation of innovators. Our entrepreneurs and innovators are the envy of the world, from the lightbulb to lasers, and from semiconductors to supercomputers. We have always been a nation of invention, entrepreneurship and innovation. That's our edge. We have to keep that edge.

Throughout our history, there have been moments, critical moments, inflection points —just like the one we are in right now —moments of tremendous global competition where we as a country have come together to drive technological progress on an unprecedented scale and in so doing ensure our global leadership. That's where we are right now.

And you know some of those moments and in the 1860s, President Lincoln made historic investments in agriculture and created the land-grant university (랜드그랜트 대학교 / 토지 공여 대학) system to ensure America's food security. In the 1940s presidents Roosevelt and Truman invested in our nuclear security and pushed the boundaries of scientific innovation in the process. In 1961 President Kennedy united this entire country around his call to put a man on the Moon by the end of the decade. And by doing that, issuing that call to America, President Kennedy led to the creation of a generation of engineers, scientists, test pilots and manufacturing workers who propelled this economy and our national security to be leading in the world and far ahead of the Soviet Union.

But we have a chance to do that again. Today, at this moment of intense global competition because of President Biden's leadership and his work in a bipartisan way with Congress, the CHIPS and Science Act (반도체 및 과학법 / 칩스법) presents us with an opportunity to make investments that are similarly consequential for our country's future. But only if we as a country unite behind a shared objective and generate a similar public-private mobilization and think boldly and think big. This is so much more than incentivizing the creation of a few new semiconductor Fabs (팹) around the country. So much more.

The research, innovation and manufacturing sparked by this law will enable the United States to be the technological superpower, securing our economic and national security for the next generation. Just like our leadership in nuclear energy and the space race, our ability to maintain our competitive edge and advanced technology is essential to our ability to ensure the responsible deployment of that technology.

Semiconductors are unique. They're unique in their ubiquity. Semiconductors form the foundation of every single advanced technology. Everything is on the on the foundation. AI, Quantum, Cloud, Big Data. The foundation of chips. And every one of those technologies can be used for good or in the wrong hands, can be used for malign purposes like we've never seen.

Folks the stakes couldn't be higher. Could not be higher which is why we have to win. So next week on next Tuesday, I'll be launching the first application for CHIPS funding. We'll be starting to put the money out to companies that want to apply and it'll be focused on manufacturing facilities. The money is intended to incentivize companies to manufacture semiconductors in America. In the coming months we'll be putting out other applications for funding opportunities in the supply chain for semiconductors as well as research and development.

Years from now when I'm retired and you guys are running the world, you'll judge the success of this program on a couple of key imperatives.

First, you're going to say did we implement CHIPS and Science in a way that built a reliable resilient semiconductor industry that protects America's technological leadership. You will know did we achieve the grand vision that I'm going to lay out today because here's the reality. As global competition becomes increasingly about technology and chips, it's not just about missiles and tanks and drones. Our global competition and our leadership and ability to compete and lead the world depends on our ability to invest in research and development and innovation and the workforce that will lead in the 21st century. It isn't just military equipment. And you will say did this moment spark that next wave of innovation.

Second, you will ask were we good stewards of taxpayer money and I take that very seriously, particularly as a former governor. We are making a public investment, taxpayer money, and the American people public investment in private industry of a size and scale without recent precedent. And the people of America deserve transparency and accountability. And I expect to be held accountable.

Now I'm here to tell you where we're going with this, but bear with me for a minute. You have comfortable seats, get cozy, bear with me for a minute and let's take a look back.

The United States of America invented the semiconductor industry. And actually in the 1960s, some of you here may remember maybe not the students, the industry was in a golden age. New companies were sprouting up left and right in what came to be known as Silicon Valley, for the silicon and chips. Universities established new departments in computer science, electrical engineering, material science (컴퓨터 공학, 전기 공학, 재료 과학) to train the talent and workers the industry needed.

And here's something really interesting. It was manufacturing not creation of algorithms, not software, not internet. It was manufacturing of hardware, making things that power that engine of innovation. And yeah, chips companies were fiercely competitive, of course competition makes us great but there was also an industry-wide effort to advance the technology for the betterment of the whole industry. And by the way the government drove advances through purchases. You know DOD (국방부) purchases and tech transfer. Every day, every day, tens of thousands of engineers in those companies would make incremental innovations in manufacturing techniques which resulted in improved scaling and yield. Those kinds of incremental but necessary improvements in manufacturing are only possible when you produce millions and millions of wafers.

And there was a relentless pace of innovation, from the lab to the Fab (팹) and the Fab to the lab. And that it pays some Innovation, lab to Fab, Fab to lab became synonymous with America's tech leadership which allowed us to double our compute capacity every two years. It's why you have the internet in your pocket. It's why folks have a smartphone. It's why we have cloud computing services. It's why we lead in EVs and sophisticated medical devices and have the most advanced military in the world.

It was that and it started because we made them in America. And so what was once a self-propelling engine of innovation and production, it just fell out of balance.

The surge of cheap labor in Asia, taking our eye off the ball of the innovation that comes from manufacturing. We sacrificed our manufacturing capacity and our workforce in the mistaken belief that we could somehow maintain our technological leadership without them. But it is impossible. We've learned that. We're learning that now. It's actually quite painful if you just look at the facts.