보험계약자가 부보한 금액으로써 보험사고가 발행하였을 때 보험자가 손해보전액 즉, 보험금(Loss or Claim Paid)으로써 지불하는 최고한도액이다. 보험금액은 당사자의 합의에 의하여 정해지지만. 보험금액은 보험가액과 동액 또는 그 이하가 되지 않으면 안된다.
보험금액과 보험가액이 동액인 경우를 전부보험, 보험금액이 보험가액의 일부인 경우를 일부보험이라고 하는데, 대부분의 해상보험은 전부보험이다. 보험금액이 보험가액을 상회하면 초과보험이 되는데 초과분은 무효가 된다.
보험금액은 보통 물품의 CIF 가격에 10%를 가산한 금액이 된다(신용장 통일규칙 37조 b항). 즉, 보험금액={원가(C. 즉, F0B 가격)+보험료(I)+운임(F)}x 1.1이 된다. 그런데 FOB가격과 운임은 알고 있어도 보험료를 알고 있지 않는 한 CIF 가격이나 보험금액을 산출할 수 없는데, 이때의 보험금액 및 보험료를 산출하는 공식은 다음과 같다. 즉, 보험률을 R이라고 하면,
1.1(C + F)
보험금액 = -----------
1 - 1.1R
1.1R(C + F)
보험료 = 보험금액 x R = -------------
1 - 1.1R
그리고 표시통화는 신용장상에 별다른 명시가 없는 한, 신용장과 동일한 통화로 표시되어야 한다.
어떠한 보험조건을 선택하느냐 하는 문제는 보통 수출입계약을 체결할 때에 매매당사간의 합의에 의해 결정된다. 그리고 그 내용은 매매계약서나 신용장에 기재된다. 그런데 이 보험조건은 화물의 종류, 포장, 운송방법, 예상항해기간 등을 감안하여 이상적인 조건으로 결정하도록 하여야 한다. 즉, 구체적으로 어떠한 기본조건을 선택하고 또 화물과 수송의 특수사항을 고려하여 어떠한 부가위험을 추가할 것이며 전쟁위험과 동맹파업위험 등은 어떻게 할 것인가를 결정하지 않으면 안된다.
최종목적지가 내륙지방에 있어 양륙항과 목적지가 상이한 경우, 운송약관에 따라 양륙항에서 최종목적지까지의 운송화물에 대하여 부보할 때 최종목적지와 운송용구를 기재한다. 예를 들어 양륙항이 New York이고 최종목적지가 Chicago인데 철도화차를 이용하여 운송한다면, thence to Chicago by rail과 같이 기재하고 운송용구를 불명할 때에는 1and conveyance 또는 any conveyance 라고 기입한다.
개정된 보험증권의 신양식의 본문약관은 종전양식의 본문약관보다 아주 간결하게 되어 있는데, 그 내용은 준거법약관, 타보험약관, 약인약관, 선서약관으로 되어 있다.
Condition
Notwithstanding anything contained herein or attached to the contrary, this insurance is understood and agreed to be subject to English law and practice only as to liability for and settlement of any and all claims.
This insurance does not cover any loss or damage to the property which at the time of the happening of such loss or damages is insured by or would but for the existence of this Policy be insured by any fire or other insurance policy or policies except in respect of any excess beyond the amount which would have been payable under the fire or other insurance policy or policies had this insurance not been effected.
We, THE MARINE INSURANCE CO., LTD. hereby agree, in consideration of the payment to us by or on behalf of the assured of the premium as arranged, to insure against loss damage liability or expense to the extent and in the manner herein provided.
In witness whereof, I the undersigned of THE MARINE INSURANCE CO., LTD. on behalf of the said Company have subscribed My Name in the place specified as above to the policies, the issued numbers thereof being specified as above, of the same tenor and date, one of which being accomplished, the others to be void, as of the date specified as above
종전양식에 있던 이탤릭서체약관과 대치된 것으로서 Important Clause(중요사항약관)라 하는데 클레임 발생시에 피보험자가 취해야 할 각종 조치 및 절차 등을 일괄 규정하고 있다.
IMPORTANT
PROCEDURE IN THE EVENT OF LOSS OR DAMAGE FOR WHICH UNDERWRITERS MAY BE LIABLE
LIABILITY OF CARRIERS, BAILEES OR OTHER THIRD PARTIES
It is the duty of the Assured and their Agent, in all cases, to take such measures as may be reasonable for the purpose of averting or minimising a loss and to ensure that all rights against Carriers, Bailees or other third parties are properly preserved and exercised. In particular, the Assured or their Agents are required;
1. To claim immediately on the Carriers, Port Authorities or other Bailees for any missing packages.
2. In no circumstances, except under written protest, to give clean receipts where goods are in doubtful condition.
3. When delivery is made by Container, to ensure that the Container and its seals are examined immediately by their responsible official.
If the Container is delivered damaged or with seals broken or missing or with seals other than as stated in the shipping documents, to clause the delivery receipt accordingly and retain all defective or irregular seals for subsequent identification.
4. To apply immediately for survey by Carriers' or other Bailees' Representatives if any loss or damage be apparent and claim on the carriers or other Bailees for any actual loss or damage found at such survey.
5. To give notice in writing to the Carriers or other Bailees within 3 days of delivery if the loss or damage found at such survey.
NOTE: The Consignees or their Agent are recommended to make themselves familiar with the Regulation of the Port Authorities at the port of discharge.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR SURVEY
In the event of loss or damage which may involve a claim under this insurance, immediate notice of such loss or damage should be given to and a Survey Report obtained from this Company's Office or Agents specified in this Policy or Certificate.
DOCUMENTATION OF CLAIMS
To enable claims to be dealt with promptly, the Assured or their Agents are advised to submit all available supporting documents without delay, including when applicable;
1. Original policy or certificate of insurance.
2. Original or Certified copy of shipping invoices, together with shipping specification and/or weight notes.
3. Original or certified copy of Bill of Lading and/or other contract of carriage.
4. Survey report or other documentary evidence to show the extent of the loss or damage.
5. Landing account and weight notes at port of discharge and final destination.
6. Correspondence exchanged with the Carriers and other Parties regarding their liability for the loss or damage.
☞In the event of loss or damage arising under this policy, no claims will be admitted unless a survey has been held with the approval of this company's office or Agents specified in this policy.