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부정사를 취하는 동사는 목적어의 유무 및 의문사의 선택에 따라 다음 4 가지 유형으로 분류할 수 있다. 첫 번째 유형은 단순히 부정사만을 취하는 경우, 두 번째는 의문사를 취하는 경우, 세 번째는 목적어를 취하는 경우, 네 번째는 목적어가 선택적인 경우이다.
유형 1: 동사 + to 부정사
agree endeavour proceed
aim fail promise
appear forget prove
arrange guarantee refuse
attempt happen resolve
bother(negative) hesitate seem
care(negative) hope swear
choose learn tend
claim long for threaten
condescend manage trouble(negative)
consent neglect try(=attempt)
decide offer undertake
demand plan volunteer
determine prepare vow
be determined pretend
do one's best/do what one can
make an/every effort
make up one's mind (decide)
take the trouble
turn out(prove to be)
I promise to wait = I promise that I will wait.
He pretended to be angry = He pretended that he was angry.
그러나 부정사와 that절이 의미상 다른 경우도 있다.
He forgot to leave the car keys on the table(자동차 키를 두고 오지 않음)
He forgot that his brother wanted to use the car.(자동차 키를 두고 옴)
유형 2: 동사 + 의문사 + to 부정사
He discovered how to open the safe.
I found out where to buy fruit cheaply.
I didn't know when to switch the machine off.
I showed her what to do with the rubbish.
I've been wondering where to hang my new picture.
I'll have to think what to wear.
유형 3: 동사 + (목적어) + to 부정사
I begged(to be allowed) to go with him = I said, 'Please let me go with you.'
I begged him to go = I said, 'please go.'
유형 4: 동사 + 목적어 + to 부정사
advise, allow, ask, bribe, compel, command, encourage, entitle, forbid, force, induce, implore, instruct, invite, oblige, order, persuade, remind, request, show how, teach/teach how, tell/tell how, tempt, urge 등이 이러한 구문에 쓰이며, feel, hear, let, make, see, watch 등의 사역동사와 감각동사는 동사의 원형을 취한다.
He encouraged me to try again.
She reminded him to buy petrol.
They invited us to go with them.
지각동사의 경우 현재분사가 나타나기도 한다.
I heard her shouting.
I saw him taking the money.
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첫댓글 [영발04] 20040014 오기찬