우크라이나, 무인기와 무인수상함을 동원해 러시아 세바스토폴항 공격

[위종민]

https://defense-update.com/20221030_coordinated-drone-attack-targets-the-russian-black-sea-fleet-at-sevastopol.html

10월 29일 무인기 9대, 무인수상함 7대를 동원해 우크라이나가 러시아 흑해함대 함정들이 배치된 세바스토폴항을 공격했네요. 러시아의 주장으로는 무인수상함 4척을 격파하고 3척은 해안에서 파괴시켰다고 합니다. 

항모보호용 부유식 그물 붐이 파괴됐고, 무인수상함이 프로젝트 11356R 그리고로비치급 호위함에 접근하는 동영상이 공개됐습니다. 동급 호위함이자 모스크바함 침몰 이후 흑해함대 기함인 애드미럴 마카로프 함이 피해를 입었다는 보도가 있으며, 프로젝트 266M 나챠급 기뢰부설함 RFS 이반 골루베츠함이 피해를 입었다고 러시아 국방부가 인정했습니다. 

러시아의 주장으로는 영국 전문가의 도움으로 우크라이나의 73rd Marine Special Operations Center가 이번 공격을 수행했으며, 미콜라이우 주의 오차코프에서 발진했다고 합니다. 이 경우 이 배들은 원양을 150km 넘게 항진해 세바스토폴을 타격한 것입니다. (덧. 지도에서 거리를 재 보니 150km가 아니라 150해리인 듯 합니다. 오차코프에서 세바스토폴까지 직선거리만 280km, 150해리네요. ) 

Coordinated Drone Attack Targets the Russian Black Sea Fleet at Sevastopol - Defense Update:

Tamir Eshel

3-4 minutes

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The drone attack on the Russian Navy’s main Black Sea port of Sevastopol on 29 October represents a new phase in the modern drone war. While suicide boat attacks have been known since WWII, the recent strike demonstrates the unique value and potential of such combined attacks by unmanned aerial and surface vehicles (UAVs and USVs).

According to Russian MOD, the attack involved nine unmanned aerial vehicles and seven unmanned strike boats. The Russians claim their naval forces destroyed four boats and three were destroyed from shore. Some of the boats directed their attack against the floating net boom in Yuzhnaya Bay. The Russian MOD admitted the boom was damaged by the attack. Another video captured by the USVs and released online shows the boat moving at a Russian combatant ship at high speed, with a Mi-8 helicopter engaging with machine gun fire and larger caliber fire from the shore or other vehicles splashing nearby. The attack boat managed to close in on the ship, a Project 11356R Admiral Grigorovich-class frigate. There are reports that Admiral Makarov, reportedly the Black Sea Fleet’s new flagship after the Project 1164 Slava-class cruiser Moskva sank in April, was damaged in the attack. The Russian Defense Ministry announced that the Natya-class minesweeper (Project 266M) “Ivan Golubets” of the Black Sea Fleet received “minor damage” in an apparent Ukrainian attack on targets in Sevastopol, Crimea.

According to the Russians, the Ukrainian 73rd Marine Special Operations Center was responsible for this operation, assisted by British specialists. If the attack came from the city of Ochakov, Mykolaiv region in Ukraine, as the Russians claim, the strike force had traveled undetected to Sevastopol in Crimea, navigating +150 kilometers of rough waters at the open sea to create havoc at the protected enemy harbor. The recent attack was not the first operation of USVs in the black sea; the first discovery of such an attack boat was reported on 21 September 2022, as one such boat beached and was discovered at Omega Bay, just outside the entrance to the harbor and is in an area used by the Russian Navy. This attack caused the Russian Navy to call off patrols in the open sea and locate its vessels behind booms and barriers of the military harbor. The recent attack exploited this situation.

The coordination of the air and maritime components enabled the attackers to obtain intelligence in real-time, confuse the enemy by creating chaos at the base, and enable the explosive-laden strike boats to close in on their targets with high precision, as can be seen from the videos showing the attacking boats moving at very close proximity to large naval combatants.

Subscribe to read the background analysis of this operation

Image: The Sun

[백선호]

자폭 무인 잠수정으로 하면 더욱 막기 어렵겠네요.

[위종민]

저 소형도 항주능력이 3백km 가까이 나온다면 북한도 써먹으려고 할 것 같습니다. UUV면 더 골치아프고..

[Minowski(김유철)]

수상기에 비해 항공기의 무인화가 빨랐던 이유는 아무래도 상황인식, 제어 등이 상대적으로 용이했기 때문이라고 봅니다.
이번 작전의 전모가 전후에 드러나겠지만 공중, 수상에 무인기의 상호연계와 제어를 어떻게 수행했는지 궁금해집니다.

[위종민]

무인수상함 통제는 무인기를 이용한 가시선 통신이거나 위성통신이겠죠? 가시선 통신이었으면 무인기 9대 중 1, 2대는 통신중계용이었을 듯 싶은데.. UUV는 완전자동 아니면 상황인식이나 제어를 어떻게 할 지가 관건이겠습니다.

[엽군]

와... 스타링크의 승리닷.