가정법 IF

[08윤인숙(04영발)]

1. 말할 때마다 혼동되는 가정법 기본 다지기
If it rain tomorrow, the game will be canceled.
→ If it rains tomorrow, the game will be canceled.

If I had enough money, I could buy a new computer.
→ As I don’t have enough money, I can’t buy a new computer.

① 가정법은 무엇인가를 가정해서 말하거나 소망을 나타낸다.
If I win the lottery, I will give you one million won.
If you be not satisfied with my report, I will rewrite it.

② 가정법 현재는 현재나 미래의 불확실한 상황을 가정한다.
If I win the lottery, I will give you one million won.
If you are not satisfied with my report, I will rewrite it.

③ 가정법 과거란 현재 사실의 반대 상황을 가정한다.
If I were a millionaire, I could buy you anything that you wanted.
If I didn’t know the truth, I would believe what you said.

④ 가정법 과거는 현재동사를 써 직설법으로 나타낼 수 있다.
If I were a millionaire, I could buy you anything that you wanted.
→ As I am not a millionaire, I can’t buy you anything that you want.
If I didn’t know the truth, I would believe what you said.
→ As I know the truth, I don’t believe what you said.

[직설법과 가정법 미래 속의 IF]
If he is in the office, I will give him your message.
If he were in the office, I would give him your message.
If she drops by my office today. I will let you know.
(I don’t know if she will drop by my office today or not.)
If I knew where she is, I would let you know.
(I don’t know where she is.)

2. 조금 복잡한 가정법까지 끝내기
If I had been there. I could have helped you.
→ As I was not there, I couldn’t help you.
If you should do it again, I will never forgive you.
I wish I were a magician.
He talks as if he knew everything.
Without air, all living things would die.

① 가정법 과거완료는 ‘과거’ 사실의 반대 상황을 가정한다.
If he had not fallen down, he would have come in first.
→As he fell down, he didn’t come in first.
If you had taken my advice, you could have made a lot of money.
→As you didn’t take my advice, you couldn’t make a lot of money.

② 가정법 미래는 거의 일어나지 않을 이를 가정한다.
If you should become a singer, I will give you my car.
If I were to be born again, I would become president.

③ If로 시작하지 않는 가정법도 있다.
I wish I could see you again.
I wish you had called me yesterday.
He acts as if he were a prince.
He talks as if he had known nothing about that.
Without you help, I could not have finished this project.


[직설법과 가정법 미래 속의 IF]
If it snows tomorrow, the plane will be canceled.
If it should snow tomorrow, the plane would be canseled.

If you meet him again, what will you say to him?
(I don’t know if you will meet him again or not.)

If you should meet him again, what would you say to him?
(I don’t think you will meet him again.)





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