- 대서양대구 Cod, Atlantic
. 학명; Gadus morhua
. 서식지; 화씨 30-50도의 차가운 물의 수심 300미터이내에 서식
. 통명; 대서양대구
. 특징; 가시가 없는 3개의 어두운 등지느러미와 2개의 뒷지느러미
. 먹이와 요리법; 말리거나 절여서, 굽거나 찌게, 조림으로 섭취
1 학명과 서식지
- 학명; Gadus morhua
- 서식지
. 온도와 깊이; 화씨 30-50도의 차가운 물의 수심 300미터이내에 서식
. 지역; 대서양 연안과 대륙붕의 아한대에서 온대해역
. 25년까지 살며 고참 대구를 따라 떼로 이동하면서 산란하고 겨울을 보내는 습성
. 성어는 수심 20미터이상, 치어는 더 얕은 수층선호
Atlantic cod occur in subarctic and cool temperate waters of the North Atlantic from Greenland to North Carolina. They have generally been most abundant in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, off Newfoundland. In U.S. waters, cod are assessed as two stocks, the first being that of the Gulf of Maine, and the second being that of Georges Bank and southward.
Habitat. These fish are found primarily off the coasts along the continental shelf. They prefer cool water of 30° to 50°F and may reside in depths of up to 00 fathoms. Adults are generally found in water over 60 feet deep, whereas juveniles may be found in shallower water; both move deeper during the summer.
2 통명
- 영어; cod, codfish, codling, scrod; French: morue de l’Atlantique; German: dorsch, kabeljau; Italian: merluzzo bianco; Japanese: madara, tara; Norwegian: torsk; Portuguese: bacalhau; Spanish: bacalao del Atlántique.
- 한글; 대서양대구
3 개요
- 길이; 180센티이내, 평균 120센티
- 무게; 110파운드이내, 평균 10파운드
Young fish ages 2 to 5 generally constitute the bulk of the cod catch, with the average size being from 4 to 15 pounds. Larger sizes in New England are not unusual, some with a length of 30 to 40 inches. When they were more abundant, cod were caught in the 55- to 75-pound range and have been known to reach 211 pounds. The alltackle fishing record is 98 pounds, 12 ounces. Atlantic cod can live up to 22 years.
4 특징
- 가시가 없는 3개의 어두운 등지느러미와 2개의 뒷지느러미
- 턱수염, 큰 입, 작고 많은 이빨
- 위가 둥근 주둥이와 거의 사각인 꼬리
- 갈색 또는 녹색이며 등쪽에 반점이 있고 배쪽은 은색
- 진동을 감지하는 데 사용되는 옆선을 따라 있는 선명한 줄무늬
- 치어는 자갈사이에, 성장기에는 다시마숲에서 포식자를 피하며
성어는 정점포식자로 무리의 선두에서 최고의 먹이를 가리지않고 포식
The Atlantic cod has historically been one of the world’s important natural resources, and the waters of the North Atlantic once teemed with this fish. Today, the commercial catch of cod is far below historic levels, and cod are generally in a collapsed or near-collapsed condition.
Identification. The Atlantic cod has three dark dorsal fins and two dark anal fins, none of which contain any spines. The body is heavy and tapered, with a prominent chin barbel, a large mouth, and many small teeth. Its snout is rounded on top, and the tail is almost squared. There is a characteristic pale lateral line. The coloring is highly variable on the back and the sides (ranging from brownish or sandy to gray, yellow, reddish, greenish, or any combination of these colors), gray-white on the underside, and with numerous light spots covering the body.
5 먹이와 요리법
- 먹이; 랍스터, 게, 새우, 청어, 고등어, 열빙어 등 가리지 않고 포식
- 저인망, 트롤, 망, 양동이 등으로 어획했으나 남획으로 1990년대 조업중지
- 반짝이미끼나 미끼없이 쿼터로 인당 하루 2마리까지 긴줄낚시
- 밤보다 낮에 더 활동적이고 새벽과 황혼에 가장 활발
- 체온유지를 위해 이동하여 낮에는 더 깊고 차가운 수층 선호
- 말리거나 절여서, 굽거나 찌게, 조림으로 섭취
. 민물고기와 같이 기생충위험이 있어 회는 비추
The spawning season is during December and January off the Mid-Atlantic Bight and from February through April farther north.
Food and feeding habits. Omnivorous feeders, cod are primarily active at dawn and dusk. Their primary diet is invertebrates and assorted fish. Very young cod feed on copepods and other small crustaceans while at the surface and, after dropping to the bottom, on small worms or shrimp.