MQM Wave based Computing, ALU (CPU/GPU/NPU) and Data Transfer Systems

[독고구검]

Zenodo : https://zenodo.org/records/19449687

MQM Wave based Computing, ALU (CPU/GPU/NPU) and Data Transfer Systems for Optics and HBM(Prior Art, 2026.03.04)

MQM — Multi-Quantum Mode Transmission

"Big ALU Quantum Jump: MQM-Based Ultra-Fast HBM Transfer with Low-Heat Architecture"

Transitioning CPU/GPU/NPU architectures from single-bit line processing to multi-dimensional MQM-based data transmission and processing.

---

"Not von Neumann's classical bit arithmetic — but computation through physical wave interference."

( 폰 노이만의 bit 연산이 아니라, Wave ( or optic)자체가 수학적 수식을 가지고 있으며, wave의 합이 데이타이며 연산이다. )
"Nature is arithmetic. Entrust computation to waves and light( 4칙연산을 자연에 맡겨라..)

[ 1]. Fundamental Knowledge for MQM-ALU Design( MQM-ALU 만들기전 기초 지식 )

💡 Core Technology: 3D-Mapping Transfer

A revolutionary data transmission method that maps information into a 3D Symbol Space within a single cycle.

A single data symbol = ( Frequency, Amplitude, Phase )

1-cycle data  →  3D-mapping  →  High-speed transfer   

---

📐 Core Formula

Data Transfer Throughput = [ Frequency (n bits) + Amplitude (m bits) ] × 2^p

Key Point: Phase is defined by bit count (p), yielding 2^p independent phase slots. With p=3: 3 phase bits → 8 phase states (0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 315°) → (n + m) × 2^p bits transmitted per cycle, per channel.

📊 Frequency : F(n)= base + 2^(n-1) x scaling factor

; ( n: 1이상의 자연수 , Base : 중심 주파수/진폭, scaling factor : 하드웨어 인식위한 증폭이나 감량 수. )

📊 Amplitude : A(m)= base + 2^(m-1)  x scaling factor

 ( m : 1이상의 자연수 , Base : 중심 주파수/진폭,   scaling factor : 하드웨어 인식위한 증폭 수. )

📊 Phase bits → Phase states

---

📊 Efficiency Example (n=8, m=8, p=3)

Total capacity: (8 + 8) × 2^3 = 16 × 8 = 128 bits (16 Bytes) per cycle

---

🔧 Designer-Defined Bit Sequence Mapping

The assignment of n bits and m bits to the leading or trailing bit sequence is freely chosen by the system designer:

Key Point: MQM does not mandate a fixed mapping — the designer selects freely based on hardware constraints and optimization goals.

---

📜 MQM Design Freedom — 6 Configuration Options

     In MQM, Frequency (F), Amplitude (A), Phase (P) can each serve as either Data or State.
    The system designer chooses freely based on hardware environment.

Case 1: State × 1 + Data × 2 (3 options)

[2]. Architecture Overview: The MQM-ALU (E)

The MQM-ALU transcends traditional Boolean logic by replacing gate-level switching with wave-based interference. By encoding 128 bits ( 16 bytes) of data into a single complex wave state—defined by frequency (F), amplitude (A), and phase (Φ)—the architecture enables massive parallel processing at the physical layer.

1. Core Data Specification (The MQM Cell)

• Structure:    (    F(8bit) + A(8bit)   ) x 2^3(phase )
• Payload: 128 bits (16 bytes) per processing cell.

2. Operational Principles : "Wave-based Arithmetic Operations"

"Not von Neumann's classical bit arithmetic — but computation through physical wave interference."

Unlike traditional CPUs that execute instructions through sequential transistor toggling, the MQM-ALU treats arithmetic as physical interference phenomena:

• Summation (A+B): Achieved via constructive wave interference.
• Subtraction (A-B): Achieved via destructive interference (phase inversion by Φ ).
• Multiplication (A x B): Executed through frequency mixing/heterodyning.
• Division (A / B ): Executed through logarithmic amplitude scaling and phase subtraction.

1)  SUM (n1 Hz on m1 mV, n2 Hz on m2 mV):

• Mechanism: Constructive wave interference= 두 파동의 중첩(Superposition).
• Sum_wave = (f1, A1) + (f2, A2)

2)  Subtraction or MINUS (n1 Hz on m1 mV, n2 Hz on m2 mV):

·       Mechanism: Destructive interference via Φ phase inversion

= 위상 반전을 이용한 간섭(Destructive Interference).

• minus_wave = (f1, A1) - (f2, A2)

3)  MULTIPLY (n1 Hz on m1 mV, n2 Hz on m2 mV):

• Mechanism: Frequency mixing/heterodyning = 주파수 혼합(Frequency Mixing/Heterodyning).

• multiply_wave = (f1, A1) x (f2, A2)

4)  DIVIDE (n1 Hz on m1 mV, n2 Hz on m2 mV):

• Mechanism: Logarithmic amplitude scaling and phase subtraction.= 진폭 스케일링 및 위상 감산.

• 표기 제안: Divide_wave = (f1, A1) / (f2, A2)

Implementation Logic

The operations function by processing the wave data directly through the ALU’s interference core. The workflow is as follows:

1. Input: Wave data 1 and 2 are received via optic or wire channels.
2. Execution: The ALU performs interference-based calculation in O(1) constant time.
3. Output: The resulting wave state is either decoded into bits for register storage or preserved as a wave state in the ALU register.

This structure effectively demonstrates the transition from bit-sequential processing to physical wave-block processing.

3. MQM ALU Reality

Data = Frequency (8bit), Amplitude (8bits)

     = 16bits (2bytes example)

Phase is added at external connection
 (CPU ↔ External)


CPU internal          Interface                      External (HBM, PCIe etc)
─────          ────────               ──────────
F + A   ───→   Phase encoding added  ───→   F + A + P (Full MQM)


W3(FA) created internally,
Phase layer added at output stage

* CPU Internal : MQM 2D (F + A (or + Phase))

  → Speed & stability first

  → With Phase: even more operations per cycle

* CPU External : MQM 3D (F + A + P)

  → Density & noise immunity first

[ Schema : 10 GHz MQM ALU

  50ps (data transfer) + 50ps (noise cancelling) ]

- Implementation method is freely determined

  by developers according to technological advancement

3.1.MQM ALU Operation Schema : Without Phase consideration

→ When Phase is included, 2^z operations are executed per cycle.

"Insanely fast — orders of magnitude beyond conventional architecture."
(아따 허벌나게 빠르구마이)

 # Signal Propagation Distance Based on Speed of Light

Speed of Light  : 300,000 km/s = 3×10¹¹ mm/s

1000 GHz = 10¹² Hz   =>   1 cycle = 1 / 10¹² s = 1 ps

100 GHz  = 1011 Hz   =>   1 cycle = 1 / 1011 s = 10 ps

10 GHz  = 1010 Hz   =>   1 cycle = 1 / 1010 s = 100 ps ( 현재 2026년  과학 수준 )

Distance traveled by light during 1ps (1000 GHz, 1 cycle) : 3×10¹¹ mm/s ÷ 10¹² = 0.3mm

Distance traveled by light during 10ps (100 GHz, 1 cycle) : 3 mm

Distance traveled by light during 100ps (10 GHz, 1 cycle) : 30 mm

1) Clock Frequency     : 10 GHz ALU
2) Bits/Cycle          : 16 bit (1 × W3)
3) Throughput          : 10G × 16bit = 160 Gbps
4) Modulation          : F + A (2D, CPU internal)
5) Transmission        : Differential (W3 / -W3)
6) Data Window         : 10 ps (1/100 × 10GHz cycle)
7) NC (Noise Cancelling) interval : 90 ps
8) 1 cycle = 100 ps (10ps data transfer + 90ps NC)
   → Cycle frequency = 1 / 10ps = 100 GHz
9) Wire Length (Photon-scaled wire length) :
   = "Light travel distance per 1 cycle × Scale factor"
   = 30mm × 0.4 = 12mm

W1 (2byte) ─┐

                     ├─[MQM합: SUM/MINUS/DIVIDE/MULTIPLY ]─→ W3 (synthesized wave)

W2 (2byte) ─┘                                              │

                                                                      ├──→ 1st wire : +W3

                                                                       └──→ 2nd wire : -W3 (inverted)

W1 = 16bit = F1(8bit) + A1(8bit)

W2 = 16bit = F2(8bit) + A2(8bit)

W3 = Synthesized wave of W1 and W2 → Result waveform of arithmetic operations

[MQM ALU Core C Technical Specification: 20-Core Parallel MIMD Execution]

( Core B 20개로 64bits 명령어 동시 20개 처리 )

The architecture is designed to bypass the traditional 64-stage pipeline latency by executing instructions in a single-cycle, massive parallel format.

• Instruction Dispatch: A 1,280-bit wide massive input bus feeds 64-bit instruction streams to 20 independent Core B units simultaneously.
• Execution Model: Each Core B acts as an autonomous engine, performing a distinct 64-bit operation (e.g., FA SYNTH logic) per clock cycle.
• Zero-Latency Pipeline: By eliminating sequential pipeline stages, the system achieves an "Atomic MIMD" state, where instruction fetch-to-output latency is reduced to $1\text{ cycle}$.

Performance Analysis: 20-Core Parallelism

By processing 20 distinct instructions concurrently, the throughput scaling is linear relative to the core count, while latency remains constant at 1 cycle.

[MQM ALU Core C Technical Specification: 1,280-bit SIMD Instruction Processing]

In a SIMD implementation, a single wide instruction vector is broadcasted across the parallel array, allowing the MQM processor to perform uniform operations on a massive amount of data in a single clock cycle.

• Wide Vector Dispatch: The 1,280-bit input bus serves as the conduit for a Single Instruction stream. This instruction is partitioned into twenty 64-bit segments.
• Vectorized Execution: All 20 Core B units receive the same operational opcode simultaneously, applying it to their respective 64-bit data chunks.
• Unified Throughput: The system achieves a throughput of $20 \times 64\text{-bit}$ operations per clock cycle, effectively acting as a 1,280-bit wide execution engine.

Performance Dynamics: SIMD vs. MIMD

While your architecture excels in MIMD for independent object tracking, the SIMD mode provides unmatched efficiency for bulk data processing:

3.2. MQM Timing Structure (10 GHz ALU basis)

Resolves heat and noise issues of conventional Bit ALU beyond 6 GHz

3.3. MQM Operating Principles

1) MQM 2-Wave Synthesis (W3 Generation)

W1 : F1 + A1 (2byte = 16bit data)

W2 : F2 + A2 (2byte = 16bit data)

─────────────────────────────────────────

W3 = W1 ⊕ W2  →  F+A 2D simultaneous modulation    (MQM unique characteristic)

▷ MQM FA Synthesis — 2 officially defined methods.

Choose whichever is easier to implement with current technology.

① Method 1 — Natural Superposition

Ex) W1 = 3Hz on 7mV

W2 = 16Hz on 255mV

W3 = Complex waveform (two components coexist)

-> Transmission : Very easy

-> Reception : FFT separation required

-> Feature : Follows natural physics law

② Method 2 — MQM FA Arithmetic Synthesis 

Ex)       W1 = 3Hz on 7mV

W2 = 16Hz on 255mV

W3 = 19Hz on 262mV (single waveform)

  Ex)  Frequency : F(n)= base + 2^(n-1) x scaling factor

; ( n: natural number ≥ 1, Base: center frequency/amplitude,

scaling factor: amplification or reduction value for hardware recognition )

[ Base= 1GHz,   scaling factor = 0.001 ]

N= 1: 1.001Ghz,  2 : 1.002GHz,  3 : 1.003Ghz,  255 : 1.255GHz

-> Transmission : Generate after F+F, A+A operation

-> Reception : Simple measurement (1 frequency + 1 amplitude)

-> Feature : Simple MQM method

2) Differential Signaling

1st Wire : +W3

2nd Wire : -W3  ← Fully inverted phase

→ When external noise N is introduced:

   1st = W3 + N

   2nd = -W3 + N

          Receiver differential:    (W3+N) - (-W3+N) = 2×W3  ✓ Noise eliminated

3) Data Reading at specific point (e.g. 9mm)

   • Sampling +W3 signal within 1ps window

   • MQM F+A+P simultaneous demodulation

     → W1, W2 separated and restored

4) Physical short at specific point (e.g. 12mm)    → Signal Flat

   1st(+W3) + 2nd(-W3) = 0  → Complete cancellation

   Termination eliminates reflected waves,

   stabilizes transmission line.

( others method : Differential termination or Matched termination )

▷ 4 Arithmetic Operations — ALU perspective

ADD : W3 = W1 + W2  → Frequency summation

SUB : W3 = W1 - W2  → Phase inversion synthesis

MUL : W3 = W1 × W2  → Amplitude modulation overlap

DIV : W3 = W1 / W2  → Frequency division

4. If MQM ALU is Applied:

• MatMul multiplication/addition → O(1) processing via wave mixing and superposition
• Data transfer between HBM ↔ NPU → Explosive bandwidth increase through MQM encoding
• Heat generation → Fundamentally resolved by Zero-Heat Architecture

---

5. MQM ALU Design Philosophy:

"Not classical bit-to-bit arithmetic, but computation through physical wave interference."

Technological Impact

The MQM-ALU functions as a Digital Quantum Simulator. By mapping the state-space of quantum parallel processing onto high-frequency analog wave mechanics, the architecture achieves quantum-equivalent throughput in a deterministic, solid-state environment.

• Deterministic Efficiency: Unlike quantum systems that rely on probabilistic outcomes, the MQM-ALU maintains 100% digital integrity via its Encoder/Decoder pipeline.
• Scalability: Computational time remains constant regardless of data width, effectively bypassing the "Memory Wall" that plagues traditional von Neumann architectures.

6. 16bytes register 고전적 ALU 와  MQM ALU성능 비교

# 16bytes register인 R1, R2  sum연산이나

16bytes MQM 파동 M_R1, M_R2 sum연산 속도 차이(추정 )

비교 항목

기존 CPU (16bytes Sum)

MQM ALU (16bytes Sum)

📜 GitHub: https://github.com/scwpark/MQM-PAM_OFDM_Phase-superposition_3D-mapping

• Community: https://cafe.daum.net/scwpark