🍅🍅 모터 극수 변환(switching)을 통한 속도 조절 : 달렌더(Dahlander) 결선법(wiring connection)

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https://youtube.com/shorts/CCSpkQom60s?si=41DOggtNa0Evz2K8

달렌더 결선(Dahlander connection)은 하나의 권선으로 극수(Poles)를 변경하여 3상 유도전동기의 속도를 2단계(1:2 비율)로 제어하는 극수 변환 결선 방식입니다.


별개의 권선을 두 개 넣는 방식에 비해 모터 크기를 줄일 수 있고 효율이 좋아 송풍기, 펌프, 크레인 등에 주로 사용됩니다.

https://youtu.be/bgcKAW3ljFo?si=duwvBt6IiLIEspzv

달렌더 모터(Dahlander Motor)는 하나의 권선 구조를 변경하여 두 가지 서로 다른 회전 속도(이속도)를 구현하는 극수 변환 유도 전동기입니다. 1897년 스웨덴의 엔지니어 로버트 달렌더(Robert Dahlander)가 발명했습니다.

A Dahlander connection is a special wiring method for three-phase induction (squirrel-cage) motors invented by Robert Dahlander.

It lets one motor run at two different speeds (a 1:2 ratio, like 1500 RPM and 750 RPM) by switching how the stator windings are grouped to change the number of magnetic poles.

How the Connection Works

Speed Change: Reconfigures the internal phase windings between a series/delta arrangement and a parallel/star arrangement.

Low Speed (Delta / Series): The power supply connects to terminals U₁, V₁, and W₁, while U₂, V₂, and W₂ are left open. This creates a higher pole count for slow speed.

High Speed (Double Star / Parallel): The power supply connects to U₂, V₂, and W₂, while terminals U₁, V₁, and W₁ are shorted (tied together). This halves the pole count and doubles the speed.

Types of Torque Characteristics

Constant Torque (Y/ΔΔ or Δ/YY): Used for conveyors or machinery requiring the same torque at both speeds. Power output changes proportionally with speed.

Variable Torque (Y/YY): Used for fans and centrifugal pumps where required power drops off sharply at lower speeds.

Pros and Cons

Pros: Cost-effective, simple, robust, and requires only one physical motor winding instead of two completely separate sets.

Cons: Limited to only two fixed speeds, and switching can cause sharp current spikes or mechanical shock.


Watch this video to see how to design a complete power and control circuit for a Dahlander motor:



스웨덴의 엔지니어 로버트 달렌더(Robert Dahlander)

A Dahlander motor (also known as a pole changing motor, dual- or two speed-motor) is a type of multispeed three-phase induction motor, in which the speed of the motor is varied by altering the number of poles; this is achieved by altering the wiring connections inside the motor. The motor may have fixed or variable torque depending on the stator winding. It is named after its inventor Robert Dahlander (1870–1935).