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- 만새기 Dolphin, Common
. 학명; Coryphaena hippurus
. 서식지; 대서양과 태평양, 인도양 원양 및 근해의 아열대 해역을 선호하며 온도에 따라 이주
. 통명; 만새기
. 특징; 주로 낮에 수면에서 다른 생선을 사냥하고 금빛의 지느러미로 인기
. 먹이와 요리법; 회, 말리거나 절여서, 굽거나 찌게, 조림으로 섭취
1 학명과 서식지
- 학명; Coryphaena hippurus
- 서식지
. 온도와 깊이; 온대에서 열대에 이르는 수면에 떼로 서식
. 지역; 대서양과 태평양, 인도양 원양 및 근해의 아열대 해역을 선호하며 온도에 따라 이주
. 치어는 수면에 떠 다니는 갈조류 해초를, 성서는 배나 부유물을 따라 통나무처럼 떠서 지내는 습성
The common dolphin is found worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters. In the western Atlantic, it occurs in areas influenced by the warm waters of the Gulf Stream and has been caught as far north as Prince Edward Island and as far south as Río de Janeiro. In the eastern Pacific, it ranges from Peru to Oregon.
Habitat. Common dolphin are warmwater pelagic fish, occurring in the open ocean and usually found close to the surface, although in waters of great depth. They sometimes inhabit coastal waters and occasionally areas near piers, but in the open ocean they often concentrate around floating objects, especially buoys, driftwood, and seaweed lines or clusters. The young commonly frequent warm nearshore waters in sargassum beds or other flotsam. In developing countries, commercial fishermen may place floating bundles of bamboo reeds, cork planks, and the like in the water to concentrate dolphin before seining or gillnetting commences.
2 통명
- 영어; dolphinfish, common dolphinfish, mahimahi, mahi mahi, dorado;
Chinese: fei niau fu, ngau tau yue; French: coryphéne commune; Italian: lampuga; Japanese: shiira, toohyaku; Portuguese: doirado, dourado; Spanish: dorado, dorado com ún, lampuga.
- 한글; 만새기, 도라도(스페인어의 황금색에서 유래했으나 민물고기 도라도와 혼동되므로 사용자제)
3 개요
- 길이; 240센티 이내, 평균 100센티
- 무게; 50파운드이내, 평균 10파운드
. 4년간 생존하며 평균 3년정도이므로 부화 2년내에 30키로까지 빠르게 성장가능
The average size is 5 to 15 pounds, although larger catches up to 50 pounds are not uncommon. The alltackle world record is an 87-pounder caught in Costa Rica in 1976, and it has been rumored that fish up to 100 pounds have been caught by commercial longliners. The maximum length is reportedly 82 inches. Dolphin are fast growing and short lived. Few common dolphin live longer than 4 years, and most live just 3 years. Males grow larger than females and are capable of growing to 60 pounds in just 2 years, although this is exceptional and the result of consistently favorable warm water temperatures and abundant food.
4 특징
- 강한 고기라는 뜻의 하와이어에서 가장 많이 사용되는 통명 마히마히 유래
- 돌핀 피시라고 불리우지만 포유류인 돌고래와는 전혀 다른 전갱이과 생선
- 압축 된 긴 몸체와 머리에서 거의 꼬리까지의 연장되는 긴 등 지느러미
- 꼬리지느러미와 뒷지느러미 는 날카롭게 오목하여 50노트로 유영가능
- 주로 낮에 수면에서 다른 생선을 사냥하고 금빛의 지느러미로 인기
- 눈부신 색상으로 구별되어 측면은 황금색이고 측면/후면은 밝은 파란색/녹색
- 물 밖에서 색깔을 바꾸며 몇 가지를 거쳐 죽으면 황회색으로 변색
The common dolphin is the larger of the two very similar species in the family Coryphaenidae, both of which are cosmopolitan in warm seas. This fish is one of the top offshore gamefish among anglers and is an excellent, hard-fighting species that puts on an acrobatic show once hooked.
Identification. The body is slender and streamlined, tapering sharply from head to tail. Large males, called bulls, have high, vertical foreheads, while the female’s forehead is rounded. The anal fin has 25 to 31 soft rays and is long, stretching over half of the length of the body. The dorsal fin has 55 to 66 soft rays. Its caudal fin is deeply forked; there are no spines in any of the fins; and the mouth has bands of fine teeth. Coloring is variable and defies an accurate, simple description. Generally, when the fish is alive in the water, the common dolphin is rich iridescent blue or blue-green dorsally; gold, bluish-gold, or silvery gold on the lower flanks; and silvery white or yellow on the belly. The sides are sprinkled with a mixture of dark and light spots, ranging from black or blue to golden. The dorsal fin is rich blue, and the anal fin is golden or silvery. The other fins are generally golden yellow, edged with blue. Dark vertical bands sometimes appear when the fish is attacking prey. The color description of the dolphin is difficult because it undergoes sudden changes in color, which occur in an instant, often when the fish is excited. When the fish is removed from the water, however, the colors fluctuate between blue, green, and yellow; the brilliant colors that were apparent when in the water fade quickly. After death, the fish usually turns a uniform yellow or silvery gray.
5 먹이와 요리법
- 먹이; 날치와 오징어를 선호허며 갈조류 주위의 동물성 플랑크톤, 게, 고등어 등도 포식
- 살아있는 정어리 그물을 미끼로 트롤링이나 작살로,
바닷새의 행동을 관찰하여 가짜 미끼로 그물이나 장대, 긴줄 낚시로 포획
- 최상위에 가까운 포식자로 수은농도를 고려 한달에 6인분이하 섭취권고
- 열대지역에서 해초를 섭취하여 발생가능한 시구아테라 중독주의
- 참치, 고등어, 멸치, 청어 등과 같이 히스타민을 함유하여 스콤브로이드 식중독 가능
- 회, 말리거나 절여서, 굽거나 찌게, 조림으로 섭취
The common dolphin is a prolific spawner and grows rapidly, meaning that it must by nature be an eating machine. Spawning season begins primarily in the spring or early summer and lasts several months in warmer waters. Dolphin reach sexual maturity in their first year of life and produce a large volume of eggs. Dolphin are schooling fish and are often congregated in large numbers, sometimes by the thousands. They are almost always between the surface and 100-foot depths, but they are encountered by anglers on or just under the surface and are probably the most surface-oriented of all big-game fish. This, plus the fact that they are visually oriented feeders that primarily forage in daylight, helps endear them to anglers. Offshore anglers frequently encounter packs of dolphin and are able to elicit strikes from several fish in quick order. These fish are evidently also migratory. It is believed that dolphin in both hemispheres migrate away from the equator in the spring and the summer and toward the equator in the fall and the winter.
Food. Common dolphin are extremely fast swimmers and feed in pairs, small packs, and schools, extensively consuming whatever forage fishes are most abundant. Flyingfish and squid are prominent food in areas where these exist, and small fish and crustaceans that are around floating sargassum weed are commonly part of the diet, especially for smaller dolphin. Dolphin are very aggressive feeders, and they can move extremely fast to capture a meal.