- 흑민어 Drum, Black
. 학명; Pogonias cromis
. 서식지; 따뜻하고 얕은 물의 모래 바닥 선호
. 통명; 검은민어
. 특징; 짧고 깊으며 땅딸막한 몸통에 높고 아치형의 등과 약간 오목한 꼬리
. 먹이와 요리법; 절이거나 훈제, 회나 스튜로 섭취
1 학명과 서식지
- 학명; Pogonias cromis
- 서식지
. 온도와 깊이; 따뜻하고 얕은 물의 모래 바닥 선호
. 지역; 대서양 온대에서 열대 근해의 기수
. 하구에서 부화한 치어는 염도가 낮은 지역에서 주로 서식하고 성장하면서 더 바다쪽으로 이동
Black drum are found in the western Atlantic Ocean, from Massachusetts to southern Florida and across the Gulf of Mexico to northern Mexico. They rarely occur north of New Jersey.
Habitat. An inshore bottom fish, the black drum prefers sandy bottoms in salt or brackish waters near jetties, breakwaters, bridge and pier pilings, clam and oyster beds, channels, estuaries, bays, high marsh areas, and shorelines. Larger fish often favor shoal areas and channels. Black drum can survive wide ranges of salinity and temperature. The small fish inhabit brackish and freshwater habitats; the adults usually prefer estuaries in which salinity ranges from 9 to 26 parts per thousand and the temperature ranges from 53° to 91°F.
2 통명
- 영어; drum, sea drum, common drum, banded drum, butterfly drum, gray drum, striped drum, oyster drum, oyster cracker;
French: grand tambour; Japanese: guchi, ishimochi, nibe; Portuguese: corvina; Spanish: corvinón negro, corbina, corvina negro, corvina, roncador.
- 한글; 검은민어
3 개요
- 길이; 120센티이내
- 체중; 90파운드이내, 평균 18파운드내외
Average small drum weigh 5 to 10 pounds; large specimens commonly weigh 20 to 40 pounds. In Delaware Bay, fish from 40 to 70 pounds are fairly common in the spring. The all-tackle record is 113 pounds. Black drum live up to 35 years.
4 특징
- 은색 몸 위에 독특한 어두운 줄무늬가 있고 죽은후에는 회색
- 둥근 이빨과 강한 턱
- 짝짓기를 위해 수컷이 100헬츠에서 500헬츠사이의 톤 생성하여 암컷 유인
- 3세까지 연 15센티가 성장하고 10살이상은 연 2.5센티로 느려지며 60년간 생존
- 민어과의 가장 큰 구성원
- 짧고 깊으며 땅딸막한 몸통에 높고 아치형의 등과 약간 오목한 꼬리
The black drum is the largest member of the Sciaenidae family (drum and croaker). The common term “drum” refers to the loud and distinctive “drumming” noise that occurs when the fish raps a muscle against the swim bladder. This voluntary noise is assumed to be associated with locating and attracting mates, and it can sometimes be heard from a good distance, even by people above the water.
Identification. The black drum has a short, deep, and stocky body, with a high, arched back and a slightly concave tail. The lower jaw sports numerous barbels, or short whiskers. There are large pavementlike teeth in the throat, and the mouth is low. The dorsal fins have 11 spines, 20 to 22 dorsal rays, and 41 to 45 scales along the lateral line, which runs all the way to the end of the tail. Coloring is silvery with a brassy sheen and blackish fins, turning to dark gray after death.
5 먹이와 요리법
- 먹이; 유충은 동물성 플랑크톤, 치어는 지렁이와 작은 물고기, 그리고 성어는 주로 연체동물을 먹고 갑각류와 수생식물도 섭취
- 주로 바닥에서 후각과 민감한 턱수염을 활용하여 사냥
- 새우나 오징어를 미끼로 바닥까지 내린 긴줄 낚시나 작살로 포획
- 조류의 움직임이 있는 시기에 먹이가 풍부한 모래바닥이나 굴 양식장이 최고
- 기름기가 없는 담백한 맛으로 오메가3가 많으며 닭고기와 비슷
- 절이거나 훈제, 회나 스튜로 섭취
Black drum adults form schools and migrate in the spring to bay and river mouths for the spawning season; in the Gulf of Mexico this is from February to May. Larval black drum remain in shallow muddy waters until they are 4 to 5 inches long; then they move near shore.
Food and feeding habits. Adult black drum feed on crustaceans and mollusks, with a preference for blue crabs, shedder crabs, shrimp, oysters, and squid. They locate food with their chin barbels and crush and grind shells with their pharyngeal teeth.