周易 上編(주역 상편).
6.天水訟(천수송).䷅ ......3
☰ ☱ ☲ ☳ ☴ ☵ ☶ ☷
▣ 初六 不永所事 小有言 終吉
초육 불영소사 소유언 종길
[풀이]
[초6]은 송사를 오래 끌지말라.
다소의 분쟁은 있어도 결국은 좋게 끝날 것이다.
[해설]
먼저 공자의 주석은 이렇다.
"오래도록 송사를 끌지 않는 것은 힘없는 [초6]에서 소송을 길게 할 수 없기 때문이고
[象曰 不永所事 訟不可長也, 상왈 불영소사 송불가장야],
약간의 시비가 있다는 것은 그 분별이 명백하기 때문이다 [雖有小言 其辯明也,수유소언 기변명야]."
여기에 왕필은 이렇게 댓글을 달았다.
"[구2]가 1과 3 사이에서 두 陰(음)을 모두 가지려 하자,
[초6]이 허락하지 않으니 2가 힘으로 쟁취하려 한다.
그런데 [초6]은 [구4]와 상응관계인지라, 2를 오래 섬기지 않고 4를 따르려 하니,
2로부터 비록 시끄럽기는 하지만 그 판단이 분명하기에 마침내 길하다."
송사의 시초에서 [초6]은 陰(음)으로 유약하고 부정하니, 가벼운 입씨름 정도로 생겨난다.
그러나 송사는 오래가면 반드시 탈이 나기에, 오래 끌지 않도록 서둘러야 좋다.
말이 말로써 그 말꼬리를 물면, 반드시 허물을 덮어쓰게 된다.
佛法(불법)으로는 참회가 허물을 벗는 作法懺(작법참)과 같다.
訟卦(송괘)가 天澤履卦(천택리괘)로 간 경우이다.
坎(감, ☵)은 幹事(간사)니 天水(천수)의 違行(위행)으로 '訟事(송사)'가 생겨났고,
坎(감, ☵)은 효변하여 履(이)가 兌(태, ☱)로 가니 일이 그치게 되어 ' 不永所事(불영소사)'가 된 것이다.
또한 '小有言(소유언)'은 風澤中孚卦(풍택중부괘) 兌(태, ☱)의 입과 혀에서 坎(감, ☵)의 비방이 나왔고,
'終吉(종길)'은 履卦(이괘)의 大离(대리)로서 변론한 결과요,
'不可長(불가장)'은 兌(태, ☱)의 훼절이고, '辯(변)'은 離(리, ☲)의 분별을 말한다.
I Ching(The Book of Changes), First Volume.
6.天水訟(천수송).䷅ ......3
6.Heaven and Water Hexagram : Song / Conflict.
▣ Initial Six : Do not prolong the dispute/affair.
Though there are slight criticisms/gossip, it will end in good fortune.
[Explanation]
[Initial Six] Do not drag out the litigation or dispute for too long.
Although there may be minor arguments or disagreements,
things will ultimately turn out well.
[Commentary]
First, Confucius's commentary is as follows :
"Not prolonging the dispute is because the powerless[First Six line,初六(초육)]
cannot extend the lawsuit[象曰 :不永所事 訟不可長也, 상왈 불영소사 송불가장야- The lmage says:
'Not prolonging the matter means that disputes should not be allowed to drag on'],
"Having some minor argument is because the distinction is clear [雖有小言 其辯明也, 수유소언
기변명야 - Although there are small wordss of disagreement, the distinction is made clear]."
To this, wang Bi added the following commentary:
"When Nine in the Second line attempts to claim both Yin lines situated between First and Third,
the First Six line does not allow it, prompting Nine in the Second to try to take them by force."
"However, since First Six corresponds with Nine in the Fourth line,
it does not serve Nine in the Second for long and seeks to follow Nine in the Fourth.
Although noise arises from Nine in the Second, because the judgment is clear,
it is ultimately auspicious."
At the beginning of the dispute, First Six is weak and incorrect as a Yin line,
so the issue begins merely as light verbal bickering.
However, because disputes inevitably lead to trouble if prolonged,
it is best to act promptly so they do not drag on.
When words lead to more words and endless arguments, one will inevitably bear the blame.
In Buddhist teachings, repentance is like Ritual Repentance(作法懺,작법참 - Jakbeopcham),
through which one sheds one's faults.
This is the case where the Hexagram of Conflict ( 訟卦,송괘 -Song)
trannsforms into the hexagram of Conduct (天澤履卦,천택리괘 - Lu/ Heaven over Lake).
Kan(坎,감, ☵ - Water) represents managing affairs:
thus, the contrary movement of Heaven and Water creates "litigation."
When the line in Kan(坎,감, ☵ - Water) changes and Lu becomes Dui(兌,태, ☱ - Lake),
the matter comes to an end, resulting in "not prolonging the affair."
Furthemore, "having small words(小有言,소유언)" indicates that slander of Kan (坎,감, ☵)
emerged from the mouth and tongue of Dui(兌,태, ☱) in the lnner Trust Hexagram
(風澤中孚卦,풍택중부괘 - Zhongfu).
"Auspicious in the end" is the result of arguments presented through thee Great Li
form of the Lu Hexagram.
"Mustnnot be prrolonged(不可長,불가장)" refers to the breaking/stopping by Dui(兌,태, ☱),
and "distinction(辯,변 -Byeon)" refers to the clarity and judgment of Li(離,리, ☲ - Fire).