동사의 종류

[노픈하늘]

VERB I 동사별 유형 1. 혼동하기 쉬운 자동사 count (have value) That's <not> what counts. do (be good enough) Will this do? hurt (be harmful) It won't (wouldn't) hurt to go (and, to) ask for some help. matter (be important = make difference) What does it matter? = What difference does it make? pay (be profitable = be worthwhile) It pays to enrich your wordpower. It won't pay to do the thing. run (진행되다, 계속되다) I'm sorry the meeting ran late. work 작동되다. This machine is not working properly. 2. 자동사로 오해하기 쉬운 타동사 address (*about, on) Let me address the issue. answer (*to) He answered the question correctly. cf. The answer to the question is up to you. approach (*to) They approached me. attend (*to) We attended the meeting. discuss (*about) Let's discuss the problem. enter (*into) I entered the office quietly. cf. enter into business mention (*about) They mentioned the problem. greet (*with) All you have to do os just greet him. marry (*with) Will you marry me? reach (*at) We have reached the island in the end. resemble (*with) This animal resembles that one. 3. 계사(보어가 필요한 불완전 자동사) a 상태유지 remain He remained silent[calm/seated/single]. stay I stayed awake all night. Stay out! keep She kept talking for two hours. lie He lay dead on the floor. A great challenge lies ahead in the future. stand The house stands undisturbed in the hill. The wall stands 10 feet tall. run The water in the container was running dry/short. The criminal was running mad on the scene. b. 변화 get Let's get ready for the race. go He went down[naked/crazy/broke/out of business]. grow As you grow older, you become wiser. turn I just turned 30. The leaves turn red. His hair turned grey. The milk in the bottle turned sour. fall I fell asleep. She fell in love with him. The organizations is falling apart. c. 감각 seem/appear He seems/appears quite old. appear You look upset. look He sounds bitter. feel The cloth feels very soft. taste This icecream tastes great. smell This food smells good. d. 관용적 come true My dream came true after all. make + C I bet you'll make a good teacher. prove (to be) The rumor proved to be false. 4. 2개의 목적어를 취하는 동사 a. DO+Prep+IO give (to)류 tell, lend, show, pay, teach, offer, etc Let me give you the book -- Let me give the book to you. buy (for)류 make, get, find I'll buy you the book -- I'll buy the book for you. ask (of)류 beg, inquire Let me ask you a favor -- Let me ask a favor of you. b. DO나 IO의 위치가 변하지 않는 동사 cost A B(A에게 B의 대가나 희생을 요구하다)--물질주어구문 It cost me a lot of money to fix my car. envy A B(B 때문에 A가 부럽다) I envy you your good fortune. I envy you. save A B(A로 하여금 B를 절약시켜주다)--물질주어구문 That will save you a lot of time, money, and energy. forgive Please forgive me my rude action. 5. 수여동사로 착각하기 쉬운 타동사 A. DO+to IO 형태만 취하는 동사 expalin, announce, admit, state, indicate introduce Let me introduce myself to you. suggest He suggested a good plan to us. II. 특수동사 1. 사역동사 make That should make the boss happy. let Please let me go. get to infinitive(일반적 능동적 의미) Get him to finish the work. -ing(진행이 강한 뜻) Get the machine working. -ed(수동적 의미) Get the job done. have to infinitive(일반적 능동적 의미) Have him finish the work. -ing(진행이 강한 뜻) I had the machine working. -ed(수동적 의미) I had my car fixed. 2. 지각동사 see I saw him run/running away feel I felt myself touched. hear I heard him shout. 3. 사고 및 전달동사 5W1H 의문사+ do you think[believe/guess/suppose/imagine/say] + clause Who do you think I am? Your slave or something? What do you suppose made her so upset? Where do you guess he is staying now? When do you believe it will start raining? Why did you say he missed the class? How much do you think it cost me to buy this stuff? 4. 희망동사 want I want ['d like/*hope/?wish] you to be quiet. hope+절 I hope [*want/*wish] you will like it. cf. I hope to be a doctor(자신이 '. . .하기를 바란다'의 뜻일 경우 사용. 5. '말하다'는 뜻의 동사 say He said something. He said something to her. (=He told her something.) tell (=say to) He told something He told me that. . . (He said to me that . . .) He told me to finish the job. talk (to) (=speak to) Can I talk to Jack, please? (Can I speak to . . .?) He's talking nonsense speak He can speak the language. *He can talk the language.