(상식-005) (Holiday) Mar 17th - St. Patrick's Day

[Write 2 Speak]

Saint Patrick's Day, March 17, is an annual celebration of the patron saint of Ireland. It is a national holiday in Ireland, and millions of Irish people all over the world where there are Irish communities celebrate. Celebrations are based on all things Irish and the color green. City authorities in Chicago even dye the city’s river green for this day. Many people wear green clothes, eat Irish food and drink the Irish drink Guinness, which many bars also try and dye green. There are also traditional St Patrick’s Day parades. The one in Dublin is spread over five days and attracts half a million people. The New York parade is the largest, with two million spectators. Many people with no Irish connections celebrate and declare themselves Irish for a day.
* patron saint = (특정 장소, 집단의) 수호성인/ authorities = 당국, 관계자, 정부당국/ dye = 염색하다/ spectator = 관중/ connections(pl) = 인척, 먼 친척/ declare = 선언(선포/공포)하다 

Saint Patrick was a Christian missionary. Some scholars say he was born in England, while others believe he was Italian. Most agree he lived in the fifth century. When he was sixteen, he was captured and taken as a slave to Ireland. He lived as a slave for six years before escaping. He joined the church to train as a priest and became a missionary in the north and west of Ireland. Legend has it that Patrick drove all the snakes out of Ireland. There are many other legends about Patrick that have cemented him as a key part of Irish culture. March 17 is believed to be the date of his death. Unlike other saints, Patrick was never canonized by a Pope, although most Christian churches list him as a “Saint in Heaven”.
* missionary = 선교사/ scholar = 학자; 장학생/ capture = 포로로 잡다, 억류하다/ take A as B = A를 B로 잡다, 장악[차지]하다/ legend has it (that) ~ = 전설에 의하면(따르면) ~/ drive A out (of B) = (B에서) A를 몰아내다/ cement A as B = A를 B라고(로) 결속(굳히다)시키다/ canonize = (교황이 ~를) 성인으로 공표하다 

* 수동태 *

He repaired the bike. (그는 그 자전거를 수리했다.)

The bike was repaired by him. (그 자전거는 그에 의해 수리가 됐다.)

첫번째 문장은 주어 he가 동작을 행한 주체가 되는데, 이와같이 주어가 동작을 행하는 형식의 문장을 능동태라고 한다.
반대로 두번째 문장에서 주어 the bike는 동작을 행하는 입장이 아니라 동작을 받는 입장에 있다.
이렇게 주어가 동작을 받는 형식의 문장을 수동태, 또는 피동태의 문장이라 한다.

이와같은 수동태의 문장은 주로 행위의 대상을 강조하고자 할 때 쓰이며, 목적어를 갖는 문장은 원칙적으로
수동태로의 전환이 가능하다. 수동태의 기본형은 원칙적으로 "주어 + be + 과거분사"가 되며, "by + 목적어"는
선택적으로 수반되는 요소이다.

* Examples *

1. 그는 모든 사람들에 의해 존경을 받았다.
He was admired by everybody.

2. 이 곳에서는 수천 마리의 소들이 키워진다.
Thousands of cattle are raised here (by them).

3. 내 아이는 그 여자가 돌본다.
My child is taken care of by her.

Saint Patrick's Day - WTS.mp3