- 왕 고등어 Mackerel, King
. 학명; Scomberomorus cavalla
. 서식지; 24도내외 아열대 물의 12-45미터 깊이
. 통명; 왕 고등어
. 특징; 1등지느러미는 무색으로 뒤로 접혀있슴
. 먹이와 요리법; 회로 먹거나 일반적인 조리로 식용
1 학명과 서식지
- 학명; Scomberomorus cavalla
- 서식지
. 온도와 깊이; 24도내외 아열대 물의 12-45미터 깊이
. 지역; 서대서양의 노스캐롤라이나에서 브라질까지의 연안과 인도근해
In the western Atlantic, king mackerel range from Massachusetts to Río de Janeiro, Brazil, including the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico, although they are only truly abundant off southern Florida. Two separate populations are suspected, one in the Gulf of Mexico and one in the Atlantic.
Habitat. King mackerel are primarily an open-water, migratory species, preferring warm waters that seldom fall below 68°F. They often occur around wrecks, buoys, coral reefs, ocean piers, inlets, and other areas where food is abundant. They tend to avoid highly turbid waters, and larvae are often found in warm, highly saline surface waters. A schooling species, king mackerel migrate extensively and annually along the western Atlantic coast in schools of various sizes, although the largest individuals usually remain solitary.
2 통명
- 영어; kingfish, giant mackerel;
French: maquereau; Portuguese: cavala; Spanish: carite, carite lucio, carite sierra, rey, serrucho, sierra.
- 한글; 왕 고등어
3 개요
- 길이; 165센티이내, 평균 90센티
- 무게; 20파운드이내, 평균 10파운드
Averaging less than 10 pounds in weight, the king mackerel is usually 2 to 4 feet long and weighs up to 20 pounds. It reaches a maximum length of 51⁄2 feet and a weight of 100 pounds. Females grow larger than males. The all-tackle world record is a 93-pound fish taken off Puerto Rico in 1999. This species is believed to reach 14 years old, but those older than 7 years are rare.
4 특징
- 아주 작고 거의 보이지않은 비늘로 덮인 몸
- 1등지느러미는 무색으로 뒤로 접혀있슴
- 등은 올리브색이고 옆은 장미빛 무지개빛으로 변색되다 은색으로
- 날카로운 크고 균일한 이빨은 간격이 좁고 좌우로 납작
The largest mackerel in the western Atlantic, the king mackerel is a prized gamefish and an important commercial species, with millions of pounds of fish landed annually. A member of the Scombridae family, the king mackerel has firm meat, most of which is sold fresh or processed into steaks. Smaller quantities are canned, salted, smoked, and frozen. It may be ciguatoxic in certain areas, however.
Identification. The streamlined body of the king mackerel is a dark gray above, growing silver on the sides and below, and there are no markings on the body, although the back may have an iridescent blue to olive tint. Most of the fins are pale or dusky, except the first dorsal fin, which is uniformly blue; the front part of this fin is never black, which distinguishes it from the Spanish mackerel and the cero mackerel. Other distinguishing features include the sharp drop of the lateral line under the second dorsal fin, as well as a relatively small number (14 to 16) of spines in the first dorsal fin and a lower gill rake count, which is 6 to 11 on the first arch. Young king mackerel may be mistaken for Spanish mackerel because of the small, round, dark to gold spots on the sides, but these fade and disappear with age.
5 먹이와 요리법
- 먹이; 멸치, 청어, 갈치, 고등어 등을 주로 먹고 새우와 오징어도
- 산란기에 수백만개의 배란이 해양에서 임의로 이루어져서 수정은 우연
- 위협을 받으면 물어뜯기도 하므로 주의
- 어획과 낚시로 인기
- 인공 미끼 등으로 트롤링, 자망, 낚시로 포획
- 꼬리를 물기때문에 살아있는 미끼에는 두개의 후크 사용
- 수은함량이 높아 임산부나 어린이는 섭취제한
- 따뜻한 물에 서식하여 시구아테라 중독가능
- 회로 먹거나 일반적인 조리로 식용
Male king mackerel become sexually mature between their second and third years and female fish between their third and fourth years. They spawn from April through November, and activity peaks in the late summer and the early fall. A large female may spawn 1 to 2.5 million eggs.
Food. King mackerel feed mainly on fish, as well as on a smaller quantity of shrimp and squid.