스크랩 최종 편집에서 크게 바뀐 `참된 기독교`

[엄기욱]

In developing a book, Swedenborg's usual practice was to create preliminary studies and drafts in outline form.

These outlines were complete down to the numbered points he wished to make under each section.

He would copy these points into a rough draft and write material to explain each point. Then he would rewrite this rough copy in a more careful, legible hand as a fair copy for the printer, with instructions on typefaces and type sizes in the margins and indications for the placement of ornaments. The fair copy would therefore closely match the rough copy.

In the case of True Christian Religion, however, Swedenborg may have produced as many as three rough drafts.

He started the first draft in the fall of 1768 before turning to Survey or learning that his works were under attack in Sweden.

At the time in early April 1769 when Swedenborg first learned of trouble in Sweden, he had progressed far enough in the composition of The Doctrine of the New Church that he was planning to travel to Paris the following week in order to have a censor read the work, a necessary step in having the book printed there. The work must have been sufficiently complete to be ready for the censor's review. It was presumably a complete first draft of the work, with the title The Doctrine of the New Church.

Changes in Response to Attack

Since we have a published outline of The Doctrine of the New Church as Swedenborg conceived of it shortly before February 1769, we can clearly see that the work underwent significant changes between then and its appearance as True Christian Religion in June 1771. It seems highly likely that Swedenborg made these changes in response to learning in April 1769 that his works and his followers were under attack.

a. changes in the outline

By the time True Christian Religion appeared in June 1771, the work looked quite different than it had in January 1769. The opening chapter on the Lord and on the divine Trinity within him had expanded into 3 large chapters, one on the Father, one on the Son, and one on the Holy Spirit. This three-part treatment of God is without precedent in Swedenborg's earlier works; but it does reflect common practice in the Protestant theology of that time.

A chapter on living in accordance with the Ten Commandments was retitled, and presumably also reworked, as an explanation of the Catechism, a term and topic very familiar to contemporary Lutheran readers, who had to memorize the Catechism from an early age.

A chapter on repentance was added, as was a chapter on "imputation", or the assignment of spiritual credit or blame, a significant theological topic in recent Protestant thought.

The original plan for The Doctrine of the New Church indicates that the book was to contain three chapters on heaven and hell and eternal life. Given the centrality of these topics in Swedenborg's theology, it is surprising that these chapters were omitted from the later plan. As Swedenborgian scholar George Dole has suggested, perhpas the reason behind this particular change was that life after death was not a standard topic of Lutheran theology.

A chapter on the Last Judgment was also dropped.

 (요약내용)

새교회교리의 집대성인 참된 기독교라는 책은 최종편집에서 저자에 의해 큰 변화를 겪는다.

스베덴보리는 자신이 발표한 신학저서들에 대해 스웨덴 내에 공격이 있음을 알고나서,

이미 집필이 끝나 교정과 인쇄를 앞두고 있던 이 책을 상당 분량 재구성한다.

자신이 쓰지 않던 공격자들의 용어를 사용해서 그들의 이론의 틀에 맞대응 되도록 증감첨삭을 가했고

제목도 원래의 '새교회 교리 The Doctrine of the New Church'에서 '참된 기독교 True Christian Religion'로 바꾸었다.

(그의 기록이 자동기술이 아니라 일반 저술과 똑같은 방식을 취했음을 알 수 있다.

내용을 이해하게 하신 뒤 기록은 그의 재량에 맡기신 듯.)

'주님 안의 신적 삼일성'이라는 첫 챕터는 성부, 성자, 성령이라는 세 챕터로 크게 늘어났다.  

'십계명에 따른 삶'이라는 챕터도, 공격자들의 용어를 사용해 '교리문답'이라는 제목으로 바뀌고,

초본에 없던 회개에 대한 챕터가 더해지고, 죄의 '전가'라는 공격자들의 용어를 사용한 챕터도 첨가된다.  

그대신 새교회 교리의 핵심중 하나인 천국과 지옥에 대한 챕터가 삭제된다.

최후심판 챕터 또한 삭제되었다. 

-J. Rose, TCR 역자서문 중에서.

[엄기욱]

스조사에서 퍼왔습니다.