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Portland, Maine

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Portland, Maine
The skyline of downtown Portland, Maine
Flag
Nickname: The Forest City
Motto: Resurgam (Latin for "I will rise again")
Coordinates: 43°39′54″N 70°16′9″W / 43.665, -70.26917
Country	United States
State	Maine
County	Cumberland
Settled	1632
Incorporated	1786
Government
- Mayor	Edward J. Suslovic
Area
- City	52.6 sq mi (136.2 km²)
- Land	21.2 sq mi (54.9 km²)
- Water	31.4 sq mi (81.2 km²)
Elevation	62 ft (19 m)
Population (2000)
- City	64,249
- Density	3,029.2/sq mi (1,169.6/km²)
- Urban	243,537
- Metro	489,343
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
Area code(s)	207
FIPS code	23-60545
GNIS feature ID	0573692
Website: http://www.portlandmaine.gov/

Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maine. It is the county seat of Cumberland County. The city population was 64,249 as of the 2000 Census, and estimated at 63,011 as of the 2006 Census Bureau estimate. Portland is Maine's cultural, social and economic capital. It is also the principal city of the Portland–South Portland–Biddeford, Maine Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Cumberland, York, and Sagadahoc counties. Tourists are drawn to Portland's historic Old Port district along Portland Harbor, which is at the mouth of the Fore River and part of Casco Bay, and the Arts District, which runs along Congress Street in the center of the city. Portland Head Light in nearby Cape Elizabeth is also a popular tourist draw.

The city seal depicts a phoenix rising out of ashes, which aligns with its motto, Resurgam, Latin for "I will rise again", in reference to Portland's recoveries from four devastating fires.^[1] The city of Portland, Oregon, was named for Portland, Maine.^[2]

The Portland Public School District is the largest school system in Maine.

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[edit] History

City Hall c. 1910

Portland was originally called "Machigonne" by the native people who first lived there. The first European settler of Portland was Christopher Levett, an English naval captain who was granted 6,000 acres from the King in 1623 to found a permanent settlement in Casco Bay. Levett proposed to call the new settlement 'York,' after the town of his birth in England. A member of the Council for New England and an agent for Sir Fernando Gorges, Levett returned to England and wrote a book about his voyage, hoping to drum up support for the settlement.^[3] Levett was unsuccessful in stirring interest in his settlement, and he never returned to Maine. (Levett was in Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 to confer with Governor John Winthrop, but he died aboard the return voyage to England.) It's unknown what became of the men he left behind. Fort Levett in Portland Harbor is named for him.^[4][5]

The next (and permanent) settlement by the English came in 1632, as a fishing and trading settlement. The town was then renamed Casco. In 1658 its name was changed again, this time to "Falmouth." A monument at the end of Congress Street where it meets the Eastern Promenade is a tribute to the four historical names for Portland.

In 1675, the village was completely destroyed by the Wampanoag people during King Philip's War. The community was rebuilt, to be destroyed by the same natives again several years later. On October 18, 1775, the community was destroyed yet again, bombarded during the American Revolutionary War by the Royal Navy under command of Captain Henry Mowat.^[6]

Following the war, a section of Falmouth called "The Neck" developed as a commercial port and began to grow rapidly as a shipping center. In 1786, the citizens of Falmouth formed a separate town in Falmouth Neck and named it "Portland." Portland's economy was greatly stressed by the Embargo Act of 1807 (prohibition of trade with the British) and the War of 1812. In 1820 Maine became a state and Portland was selected as its capital. By this time both the Embargo Act and the war had ended, and Portland's economy began to recover. In 1832 the capital was moved to Augusta.

Portland was a center for protests concerning the Maine law of 1851 culminating in the Portland Rum Riot on June 2, 1855.

Cumberland and Oxford Canal extended waterborne commerce from Portland harbor to Sebago Lake and Long Lake in 1832. Portland became the primary ice-free winter seaport for Canadian exports upon completion of the Grand Trunk Railway to Montreal in 1853. Portland Company manufactured more than 600 19th century steam locomotives. Portland became a 20th century rail hub as five additional rail lines merged into Portland Terminal Company in 1911. Canadian export traffic was diverted from Portland to Halifax, Nova Scotia following nationalization of the Grand Trunk system in 1923; and 20th century icebreakers later enabled ships to reach Montreal through the winter months.

An example of the architecture along the Western Promenade

The Great Fire of July 4, 1866, ignited during the Independence Day celebration, destroyed most of the commercial buildings in the city, half the churches and hundreds of homes. More than 10,000 people were left homeless. After this fire, Portland was rebuilt with brick and took on a Victorian appearance. Citizens began building huge Victorian mansions along the city's Western Promenade.

First National Bank, Middle and Exchange Streets, c. 1910

The quality and style of architecture in Portland is in large part due to the succession of well-known 19th-century architects who worked in the city. Alexander Parris (1780–1852) arrived about 1800 and left Portland with numerous Federal style buildings, although some would be lost in the 1866 fire. Charles A. Alexander (1822–1882) provided many designs for Victorian mansions. Henry Rowe (1810–1870) specialized in Gothic cottages. George M. Harding (1827–1910) designed many of the commercial buildings in Portland's Old Port, as well as many of Portland's ornate residential buildings. Around the turn of the century Frederick A. Tompson (1857–1906) designed many of Portland's residential buildings.

But by far the most influential and prolific architects of the Western Promenade area were Francis Henry Fassett (1823–1908) and John Calvin Stevens (1855–1940). Fassett was commissioned to build the Maine General Hospital Building (now a wing of the Maine Medical Center) and the Williston West Church as well as many other churches, schools, commercial buildings, apartment buildings, private residences, and his own duplex home on Pine Street. From the early 1880s to the 1930s Stevens worked in a wide range of styles from the Queen Anne and Romanesque popular at the beginning of his career, to the Mission Revival Style of the 1920s, but the architect is best known for his pioneering efforts in the Shingle and Colonial Revival styles, examples of which abound in this area.

The Victorian style architecture, which was popular during Portland's rebuilding, has been preserved very well by an emphasis on preservation on the part of the city government. In 1982 the area was entered on the National Register of Historic Places. In modern lifestyle surveys, it is often cited as one of America's best small cities to live in.

The erection of the Maine Mall, an indoor shopping center established in the suburb of South Portland during the 1970s, had a significant effect on Portland's downtown. Department stores and other major franchises, many from Congress Street or Free Street, either moved to the nearby mall or went out of business. This was a mixed blessing for locals, protecting the city's character (chain stores are often uninterested in it now) but led to a number of empty storefronts. Residents had to venture out of town for certain products and services no longer available on the peninsula.

Since the mid-1990s, Maine College of Art has been a revitalizing force in the downtown area, bringing in students from around the country, and restoring the historic Porteous building on Congress Street as its main facility. The school has also maintained the Baxter Building, once home to the city's public library, as a computer lab and photography studio.

Portland is currently experiencing a building boom, though much more controlled and conservative than a previous building boom during the 1980s. In recent years, Congress Street has become home to more stores and eateries, spurred on by the expanding Maine College of Art and the conversion of office buildings to high-end condos. Rapid development is occurring in the city's historically industrial Bayside neighborhood, as well as the emerging harborside Ocean Gateway neighborhood at the base of Munjoy Hill.^[7][8][9]

Northeast from City Hall c. 1910	Western Promenade c. 1908	Soldiers' Monument c. 1908	Photo taken from roughly the same spot as 1908 postcard, but in 2004
Old Library c. 1905 (now Baxter Building)	A house on Chadwick Street in the West End	A view down Carroll Street in the West End	Another example of the architecture in the West End, this time on Vaughan Street

[edit] Honors

• Ranked #6 on Relocate America's Top 10 Places to Live in 2007.^[10]
• Ranked #12 in the world by Frommer's in its list of Top Travel Destinations for 2007.^[11]
• Ranked #20 in Inc. Magazine 2006 Boom Town List of Hottest Cities for Entrepreneurs.
• Ranked #7 on the 2005 list of the 100 Best Art Towns in America. (The Countryman Press, April 2005)
• Named #15 in medium sized Top U.S. Cities for Doing Business. In the overall category of small, medium and large cities combined, out of 25,000 cities examined, Portland ranked #32. (INC. Magazine, May 2005)
• Named #1 Top Market in Small Business Vitality. The study suggests Portland to be the strongest small-business sector of any large metropolitan area in the United States and ranked it as the hottest small business market in which to develop a company. (American City Business Journals, January 2005)
• Named #14 in Best Performing Cities index, for its economic vitality based on measures that include employment and salary growth, with an emphasis on high-tech industries. (Milken Institute, California, November 2004).

A complete list of honors can be found at the City of Portland Economic Developement Center website.

[edit] Cityscape

A panoramic view of the City of Portland from across the Back Cove.

[edit] Geography and climate

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 52.6 square miles (136.2 km²), of which, 21.2 square miles (54.9 km²) of it is land and 31.4 square miles (81.2 km²) of it (59.65%) is water. Portland is located on a peninsula beside Casco Bay on the Gulf of Maine and the Atlantic Ocean.

Portland borders South Portland, Westbrook and Falmouth. The city is located at 43.66713 N, 70.20717 W.

Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Avg high °F (°C)	31 (-1)	34 (1)	42 (6)	53 (12)	63 (17)	73 (23)	79 (26)	77 (25)	69 (21)	58 (14)	47 (8)	36 (2)	55 (13)
Avg low °F (°C)	12 (-11)	16 (-9)	25 (-4)	35 (2)	44 (7)	53 (12)	59 (15)	57 (14)	49 (9)	37 (3)	30 (-1)	19 (-7)	36 (3)
Rainfall in inches (millimeters)	4.09 (103.9)	3.14 (79.8)	4.14 (105.2)	4.26 (108.2)	3.82 (97.0)	3.28 (83.3)	3.32 (84.3)	3.05 (77.5)	3.37 (85.6)	4.40 (111.8)	4.72 (119.9)	4.24 (107.7)	45.83 (1164.2)

^[12]

[edit] Neighborhoods

Eastern Promenade Park, overlooking Casco Bay

East End

Waterfront

Western Promenade

Portland is organized into neighborhoods that are generally recognized by residents, but have no legal or political significance. City signage does, in many cases, name various neighborhoods or intersections (which are often called corners). Some city neighborhoods have a local neighborhood association whose self-appointed responsibility is to liaise with the city government on issues affecting the neighborhood.

Several neighborhoods incorporate the name "Deering" in some way. This is a result of the March 8, 1899 merger of Portland with the neighboring city of Deering, which comprised the northern and eastern sections of the city prior to the merger. Deering High School is also so named as it was formerly the public high school for Deering.

• Arts District
• Bayside
• Bradley's Corner
• Cushing's Island
• Deering Center
• Downtown
• East Deering
• East Bayside
• East End
• Eastern Cemetery
• Great Diamond Island
• Highlands
• Kennedy Park
• Libbytown
• Lunt's Corner
• Morrill's Corner
• Munjoy Hill
• Nason's Corner
• North Deering
• Oakdale
• Old Port
• Parkside
• Peaks Island
• Riverton
• Rosemont
• Stroudwater
• West End
• Woodford's Corner

[edit] Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1790	2,240		—
1800	3,704		65.4%
1810	7,169		93.5%
1820	8,581		19.7%
1830	12,598		46.8%
1840	15,218		20.8%
1850	20,815		36.8%
1860	26,341		26.5%
1870	31,413		19.3%
1880	33,810		7.6%
1890	36,425		7.7%
1900	50,145		37.7%
1910	58,571		16.8%
1920	69,272		18.3%
1930	70,810		2.2%
1940	73,643		4.0%
1950	77,634		5.4%
1960	72,566		-6.5%
1970	65,116		-10.3%
1980	61,572		-5.4%
1990	64,358		4.5%
2000	64,249		-0.2%
Est. 2006	63,011		-1.9%
sources:[13]

Gun recovered from the USS Maine on Munjoy Hill

As of the census^[14] of 2000, there were 64,250 people, 29,714 households, and 13,549 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,029.2 people per square mile (1,169.6/km²). There were 31,862 housing units at an average density of 1,502.2/sq mi (580.0/km²).

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Portland's immediate metropolitan area ranked 147th in the nation in 2000 with a population of 243,537, while the Portland/South Portland/Biddeford metropolitan area included 487,568 total inhabitants. This has increased to an estimated 513,102 inhabitants as of 2007.^[15] Much of this increase in population has been due to growth in the city's southern and western suburbs.

The racial makeup of the city was 91.27% White, 3.08% Asian, 2.59% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.67% from other races, and 1.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.52% of the population. Portland also has a large Muslim community, mostly of Somali descent. The largest ancestries include: Irish (21.2%), English (19.2%), Italian (10.8%), French (10.5%), and German (6.9%).[2]

There were 29,714 households out of which 21.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.1% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 54.4% were non-families. 40.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.08 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the city the population was spread out with 18.8% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 36.1% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 91.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $35,650, and the median income for a family was $48,763. Males had a median income of $31,828 versus $27,173 for females. The per capita income for the city was $22,698. About 9.7% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.5% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.

[edit] Economy

Fishing Vessels c. 1908

Due to being Maine's largest city, its proximity to Boston (115 miles to the south) and having the state's largest port, Portland has become Maine's economic capital. The local economy has shifted over the years from relying primarily on fishing, manufacturing and agriculture towards a much more service-based economy. Most national financial services organizations with significant operations in the state have their Maine base here, such as Bank of America, Key Bank, Fidelity Investments, Anthem Blue Cross & Blue Shield, and Aetna. Several notable companies headquartered or partially headquartered here include: Unum, TD Banknorth, Maine Bank & Trust, ImmuCell Corp, and Pioneer Telephone. Several other notable companies that have an impact on the Greater Portland economy are located in the suburbs of South Portland, Westbrook and Scarborough.

Portland has a low unemployment level when compared to national averages and the state average. Portland and surrounding communities also have higher median incomes than most other Maine communities.

According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 2005 Annual Table Report^{[citation needed]}, the Port of Portland ranked as:

• The largest foreign inbound tonnage transit port in the United States;
• the largest tonnage port in New England;
• The 25th largest port in the United States; and
• The largest oil port on the US East Coast.

The Portland-Montreal Pipe Line, a crude oil pipeline that stretches from Portland to Montreal, was a major contributing factor in these rankings.

[edit] Government

The city has adopted a council-manager style government that is detailed in the city charter. The citizens of Portland are represented by a city council which are charged with the responsibilities of making policy, passing ordinances, approving appropriations, appointing the city manager and overseeing the municipal government. The city council is an elected body of nine members, on which the citizens of Portland vote. The city is made up into five voting districts, with each district electing a city counselor to represent their neighborhood interests for a three year term. There are also four members of the city counsel which are elected at-large.^[16] From the nine counsel members a chairman is elected by a simple majority to serve a one year term, in which he/she will preside over all council meetings. The chairman is popularly known as the Mayor, which is primarily a ceremonial position.

From the city council a city manager is appointed. The city manager is responsible for the daily operations and workings of the city government. Consulting with the city council the city manager appoints heads of city departments and prepares annual budgets. The city manager directs all city agencies and departments, and is responsible for the executing laws and policies passed by the city council.^[17]

Aside from the main city council there is also an elected school committee for the Portland Public School system. The school committee is made up in the same manner of the city council with five district members, four at-large members and one chairman.^[18] There are many other boards and committees such as the Planning Committee, Board of Appeals, and Harbor Commission, etc. These committees and boards have limited power in their respective areas of expertise. Members of boards and committees are appointed by city council members.

[edit] Notable buildings

Old Post Office c. 1905

The spire of the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception has been a notable feature of the Portland skyline since its completion in 1854. In 1859, Ammi B. Young designed the Marine Hospital, the first of three local works by Supervising Architects of the U.S. Treasury Department. Although the city lost to redevelopment the 1868 Greek Revival Portland Post Office by Isaiah Rogers, it retains the equally monumental 1873 Italianate Portland Custom House by Alfred B. Mullett. Another significant structure is at 477 Congress Street, a 14-story commercial building completed in 1924, and known to locals as the Time & Temperature Building due to a large electronic sign on the top of the building that has flashed that data for decades.

A more recent building of note is Franklin Towers, a 17-story residential tower completed in 1969 and regarded^[clarify] as Portland's (as well as Maine's) tallest building. This building is next to the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in the Portland skyline. During the building boom of the 1980s, several new buildings rose on the peninsula, including the 1983 Charles Shipman Payson Building by Henry R. Cobb of I.M. Pei at the Portland Museum of Art, and the Back Bay Tower, a 15-story residential building completed in 1990.^[19]

[edit] Education

See also

• Portland Public Schools
• List of Portland, ME schools

[edit] Colleges and universities

• Andover College
• Maine College of Art
• University of Maine School of Law
• University of New England (Westbrook College Campus)
• University of Southern Maine

[edit] High schools

• Casco Bay High School (public-expeditionary)
• Catherine McAuley High School (private)
• Cheverus High School (private)
• Deering High School (public)
• Portland Arts & Technology High School (public-vocational)
• Portland High School (public)
• Waynflete School (private)

[edit] Culture

[edit] Sites of interest

Maine Narrow Gauge Railroad c. 2004

Riverton Park c. 1910

Wadsworth-Longfellow House c. 1910

Downtown Arts District, centered around Congress Street, is home to the Portland Museum of Art, Portland Stage Company, Maine College of Art, Children's Museum of Maine, SPACE Gallery, Merrill Auditorium, and Portland Symphony Orchestra, as well as many smaller art galleries and studios.

Baxter Boulevard around Back Cove, Deering Oaks Park, the Eastern Promenade, Lincoln Park, Riverton Park and the Western Promenade are all historical parks within the city. Other parks and natural spaces include Payson Park, Post Office Park, Baxter Woods, Evergreen Cemetery and the Fore River Sanctuary. The non-profit organization Portland Trails also maintains an expansive network of walking and hiking trails throughout the city and neighboring communities.

Other sites of interest include:

• Casco Bay Islands, including the Casco Bay Lines
• Cumberland County Civic Center, home of the Portland Pirates.
• Eastland Park Hotel
• East End Beach
• Exchange Street (the "Old Port" area)
• Hadlock Field, home to the Portland Sea Dogs.
• Longfellow Arboretum
• Maine Mall
• Neal S. Dow House
• Maine Narrow Gauge Railroad
• Martin's Point
• Old Port Exchange
• The Portland Club
• Portland Conservatory of Music
• Portland Financial District
• Portland Head Light Lighthouse
• Portland Observatory
• Shaarey Tphiloh Synagogue
• University of Southern Maine (USM)
• Victoria Mansion
• Wadsworth-Longfellow House

[edit] Media

Portland is home to a concentration of broadcast and publishing companies, advertising agencies, web designers and commercial photography studios.

The city is served by a daily newspaper, the The Portland Press Herald, every day except for Sunday when the Maine Sunday Telegram is printed. The Maine Sunday Telegram is published by Blethen Maine Newspapers, which publishes the Portland Press Herald and the free weekly lifestyle magazine The Maine SWITCH.

Portland is also home to The Portland Phoenix, a weekly alternative newspaper, published by the Phoenix Media/Communications Group which also publishes the quarterly lifestyle magazine, Portland {STYLE}, The Portland Forecaster, a community newspaper published by the Sun Journal, The Bollard , The West End News, The Munjoy Hill Observer, The Baysider, The Waterfront and The Companion, a GLBT publication.

The Portland broadcast media market is the largest one in Maine in both radio and television. A whole host of radio options are available in Portland, including WFNK (Classic Hits), WJAB (Sports), WTHT (Country), WBQW (Classical), WHXR (Rock), WHOM (Adult Contemporary), WJBQ (Top 40), 98.9 WCLZ (Adult Album Alternative), WBLM (Classic Rock), and WCYY (Modern Rock). WMPG is a local non-commercial radio station, run by community members and the University of Southern Maine.

The area is served by local television stations representing most of the television networks. These stations include WCSH 6 (NBC), WMTW 8 (ABC), WGME 13 (CBS), WPFO 23 (FOX), WPME 35 (MyNetworkTV), and WPXT 51 (The CW). There is no PBS affiliate licensed to the city of Portland but the market is served by WCBB Channel 10 in Augusta and WMEA Channel 26 Biddeford.

Portland and its suburbs are the subjects of two monthly lifestyle magazines Portland and Port City Life.

[edit] Sports

Club	League	Venue	Established	Championships
Portland Sea Dogs	EL, Baseball	Hadlock Field	1994	1
Portland Pirates	AHL, Ice hockey	Cumberland County Civic Center	1993	1
Portland D-League team	NBA D-League, Basketball	Portland Exposition Building	2009	0

Portland Sea Dogs, in May 2007, with the Portland Exposition Building in the background

The city is home to two minor-league teams. The AA Portland Sea Dogs, a farm team of the Boston Red Sox, play at Hadlock Field. Additionally, there are the American Hockey League Portland Pirates. Skating at the Cumberland County Civic Center, they are an affiliate of the Anaheim Ducks.

The Portland Sports Complex, located off of Park Ave. and Brighton Ave. near I-295 and Deering Oaks park, houses several of the city's stadiums and arenas, including:

• Hadlock Field - baseball (Capacity 7,368)
• Fitzpatrick Stadium - football, soccer, lacrosse, field hockey, and outdoor track (Capacity 6,000+ seated)
• Portland Exposition Building - basketball, indoor track, concerts and trade shows (Capacity 2,000)
• Portland Ice Arena - hockey and figure skating (Capacity 400)

The Portland area has eleven professional golf courses, 124 tennis courts, and 95 playgrounds. There are also over 100 miles (160 km) of nature trails.

[edit] Food and beverage

Boiled Maine lobster dish served in Portland

The downtown and Old Port districts have a high concentration of eating and drinking establishments, with many more to be found throughout the rest of the peninsula, outlying neighborhoods, and neighboring communities. Local lore holds that Portland ranks among the top U.S. cities in restaurants and bars per capita. According to the Maine Restaurant Association, Portland is currently home to about 230 restaurants.^[20]

Portland has also developed a national reputation for the quality of its restaurants and eateries. In the spring of 2007, Portland was nominated as one of three finalists for "Delicious Destination of the Year" at the 2007 Food Network Awards.^[21] Many local chefs have also gained national notoriety over the past few years.^[22][23][24]

The city and outlying region played host to Rachael Ray in an episode of her Food Network Series $40 A Day.

Portland is home to a number of microbreweries and brewpubs, including the D. L. Geary Brewing Company, Gritty McDuff's Brewing Company, Shipyard Brewing Company, Casco Bay Brewing Co., Sebago Brewing Company, and Allagash Brewing Company.

Portland is the birthplace of the "Italian sandwich." Southern Maine’s signature sandwich, it is called simply "an Italian" by locals. Italian sandwiches are available at many stores, but most famously at Amato's Italian delicatessens, which claims to have originated the sandwich (hence the name).[3]

[edit] Infrastructure

[edit] Hospitals

Maine Medical Center is the largest hospital in Maine and is continuing to expand its campus and services. Mercy Hospital, a faith-based hospital, is the fourth-largest hospital in the state and began construction on its new campus along the Fore River in late 2006. The project is expected to be constructed in several phases, with completion of the first phase scheduled for 2008.[4]

Two formerly independent hospitals within the city are now being utilized in a different manner. The former Brighton Medical Center is now owned by Maine Medical Center, housing a minor emergency room and care center under the name Brighton First Care. The former Portland General Hospital is now home to the Barron Center nursing facility.

[edit] Transportation

See also: Portland, Maine (Amtrak station)

Amtrak's Downeaster service from Portland to Boston.

Portland from above, looking north along I-295.

Portland is accessible from I-95 (the Maine Turnpike), I-295, and U.S. Route 1. Also, U.S. Route 302, a major travel route and scenic highway between Maine and Vermont, has its eastern terminus in Portland.

Concord Trailways bus service connects Portland to 14 other communtities in Maine as well as Boston's South Station and Logan Airport, and offers 20 trips a day from the PTC and 20 a day from Boston to Portland. Amtrak's Downeaster train service connects the city with Boston via coastal New Hampshire. Both bus and train can be found at the Portland Transportation Center on Thompson Point Road.

Commercial air service is provided by Portland International Jetport, which is located west of the city's downtown district.

Ferry service is available year-round to many destinations in Casco Bay. Since May 22, 2006, The Cat high speed ferry has offered car ferry service to Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, making the trip in five hours. Until 2005, Scotia Prince Cruises had offered service that took eleven hours.

The Portland Explorer is a service that connects various transportation centers within the city. METRO provides public bus transit throughout Portland and the surrounding area.

[edit] Notable residents

Birthplace of Thomas B. Reed c. 1915

• Edville Gerhardt Abbott (1871-1938), surgeon
• James Alden, Jr., former Rear Admiral in the United States Navy^[25]
• Bebe Buell, model, actress, musician, & mother of Liv Tyler
• Cyrus Curtis, publisher & philanthropist
• Nik Caner-Medley, basketball player
• Howie Carr, radio personality (born at Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary)
• Joshua Chamberlain, civil war hero, governor, served later in life as Surveyor of the Port, Portland. Maintained a house on Back Bay
• Charles Codman, early American painter
• Ian Crocker, Olympic swimmer
• Patrick Dempsey, actor
• Neal S. Dow, Mayor of Portland, Union Army general, Temperance Movement leader
• Kevin Eastman, co-creator of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
• John Eder, Politician and Green Party organizer
• Rob Elowitch, American professional wrestler
• William Pitt Fessenden, senator
• Frank Fixaris, sportscaster
• John Ford, director
• Jeremiah Hacker, journalist & reformer
• Fletcher Hale, United States Representative from New Hampshire.
• Stephen King, writer (born here, now lives in Bangor, Maine)
• Linda Lavin, actress
• Steve Letarte, NASCAR crew chief
• Charles J. Loring, Jr., Medal of Honor recepient
• Alexander Wadsworth Longfellow, Jr., architect
• Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, poet
• Bob Ludwig, Grammy Award winning audio mastering engineer
• John Lynch, U.S. Representative
• Bob Marley, comedian
• Andrea Martin, actress
• Gary McAdam, former hockey player
• Holman S. Melcher, mayor, Civil War hero
• George Mitchell, US Senate Majority Leader, ex-chairman of Walt Disney. Practiced law in Portland 1965–1977, Assistant County Attorney; Cumberland County 1971
• John Neal, author & critic
• Judd Nelson, actor
• Alexander Parris, architect
• Lincoln Peirce, comic strip creator - Big Nate
• Quinton Porter, NFL quarterback
• Thomas Brackett Reed -- "Czar Reed," U.S. Representative and Speaker of the House
• Victoria Rowell, actress
• Joan Benoit Samuelson Olympic marathon gold medalist
• Stuart Saunders Smith, composer and percussionist
• Brett Somers, actress
• Ronald Speirs, Easy Company, 506 Parachute Infantry Regiment officer
• Liv Tyler, actress
• Peleg Wadsworth, Revolutionary War general
• Charles W. Walton, was a United States Representative from Maine
• Jonathan Woodward, actor

[edit] Movies filmed in Portland

• The Preacher's Wife
• The Man Without a Face
• Message in a Bottle
• Thinner
• Shawshank Redemption
• Sixteen Stories
• Hero for a Day

[edit] Sister cities

Portland has four sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International, Inc. (SCI):

• Shinagawa, Japan
• Arkhangelsk, Russia
• Cap-Haïtien, Haiti
• Mytilene, Greece

[edit] See also

• List of mayors of Portland, Maine

[edit] References

1. ^ http://www.mainehistory.org/pdf/Falmouth_Fire.pdf
2. ^ Portland: The Town that was Almost Boston. Portland Oregon Visitors Association. Retrieved on 2006-11-18.
3. ^ Christopher Levett, of York: The Pioneer Colonist in Casco Bay, James Baxter Phinney,1893
4. ^ The Maine Reader: The Down East Experience from 1614 to the Present, Charles E. Shain, 1997
5. ^ Christopher Levett: The First Owner of the Soil of Portland, Collections of the Maine Historical Society, 1893
6. ^ Jedediah Preble letter on Mowat kidnapping, 1775. Retrieved on 2007-04-01.
7. ^ "Bayside is a journey of many 'next steps'", Portland Press Herald (Blethen Maine Newspapers, Inc.), 2006-10-16. Retrieved on 2006-11-13. 
8. ^ Bouchard, Kelley. "Riverwalk: Parking garage due to rise; luxury condos to follow", Portland Press Herald (Blethen Maine Newspapers, Inc.), 2006-10-6. Retrieved on 2006-11-13. 
9. ^ Turkel, Tux. "An urban vision rises in Bayside", Portland Press Herald (Blethen Maine Newspapers, Inc.), 2007-2-6. Retrieved on 2007-2-27. 
10. ^ Relocate-America's™ 2007 Top 100 Places to Live
11. ^ "Frommer's Top Travel Destinations for 2007", Frommer's (Wiley Publishing, Inc.), 2006-11-21. Retrieved on 2006-11-29. 
12. ^ Monthly Averages for Portland, ME, Retrieved December 20, 2006.
13. ^ [1], accessed December, 2007.
14. ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
15. ^ Annual Estimates of the Population of Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (CBSA-EST2007-01) (CSV). 2007 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division (2008-03-27). Retrieved on 2008-04-04.
16. ^ http://www.portlandmaine.gov/Chapter000.pdf
17. ^ http://www.portlandmaine.gov/Chapter000.pdf
18. ^ Copyrighted
19. ^ CB Richard Ellis/The Boulos Company. Greater Portland Area 2006 Office Market Survey. Retrieved on August 10, 2006.
20. ^ Huang, Josie. "Portland diners keep fast-food urges under control", Portland Press Herald (Blethen Maine Newspapers, Inc.), 2007-4-23. Retrieved on 2007-4-23. 
21. ^ Goad, Meredith. "Portland has taste of food fame, but the other Portland is served", Portland Press Herald (Blethen Maine Newspapers, Inc.), 2007-4-16. Retrieved on 2007-4-16. 
22. ^ Goad, Meredith. "Food could put Portland on the map", Portland Press Herald (Blethen Maine Newspapers, Inc.), 2007-4-5. Retrieved on 2007-4-5. 
23. ^ Goad, Meredith. "Where chefs come to shine", Portland Press Herald (Blethen Maine Newspapers, Inc.), 2007-4-11. Retrieved on 2007-4-11. 
24. ^ http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/food/dishing/2008/02/james_beard_awa.html
25. ^ (1967) Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607–1896. Marquis Who's Who. 

[edit] External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Portland, Maine

• City of Portland
• Port of Portland
• Portland Public Schools
• Portland Public Library
• Portland Museum of Art
• Portland Symphony Orchestra
• Portland, Maine Transportation Page
• Portland's Downtown District
• Maine Historical Society - 489 Congress St., Portland
• Tate Historic House Museum - 1270 Westbrook St., Portland
• History of Portland from 1632 to 1864 by Wm. Willis, pub.1865, 864 pages, full HTML
• History of Portland from the Gazetteer of Maine
• Greater Portland Casco Bay Convention and Visitors Bureau
• MaineToday.com - Local information, blogs, entertainment, breaking news
• Food in Portland - Portland restaurants reviews, news and listings
• Portland Food Map - a directory of restaurants in Portland
• Movies filmed in Maine
• Portland travel guide at Wikitravel

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