가디언 단어 53

[너럭바위]

drastically 과감한 극단적인 급격한=extreme and sudden     Greek drastikos, from dran “to do”

draw 그리다 끌어당기다

draft 원고 초안

One year after Beijing imposed a national security law (NSL) on Hong Kong, the city has been drastically and fundamentally changed. 

disband 해체하다

Political opposition has been largely crushed, pro-democracy newspapers have been forced to close or self-censor, political and advocacy groups have disbanded.

dedicate 헌신하다 전념하다 봉헌하다

indicate 가리키다

eradicate 근절하다minor 미성년자 (반 major)

At least 128 people have been arrested under the NSL or by its dedicated police department, including three minors, dozens of politicians, and journalists. 

More than half have been charged with national security offences that carry up to life in prison, and only 17 were granted bail.

secession 분리독립

secess 은퇴 철수

cess 조세 선취특권 과세하다

cession 이양

cede 양도하다

concede 인정하다 내주다

precede 앞서가다

recede 물러나다 약해지다 희미해지다

subversion 전복 파괴 멸망

subvert 전복시키다

• allude암시하다, 시사하다, 넌지시 말하다, 언급하다
• collude공모하다
• illude속이다, 생각을 헷갈리게 하다, 착각시키다

• conclude결론을 내리다, 끝나다, 끝내다, 마치다, 맺다
• include포함하다, ~을 포함시키다
• exclude제외하다, 거부하다, 배제하다, 문호를 폐쇄하다

But with the first case reaching trial just last week, the law – which broadly outlaws acts of secession, subversion, foreign collusion and terrorism – remains untested. 

stoke 불을 때다 연료를 더 넣다 부추기다

stock 비축품 저장물 비축하여 가지고 있다

Analysts say the rushed arrests and slow prosecutions are a deliberate strategy designed to stoke fear, and that interventions in due process risk the right to a fair trial.

determine 결정하다 확정하다 밝히다

Relying on police press statements, social media posts and news reports, it determined that at least 128 people have been arrested, some of them multiple times, by the police’s national security department.

respective 각각의

respectful 존중하는 겸손한

respectable 존경할 만한 훌륭한

Hong Kong police and the national security bureau gave different figures – 113 and 115 respectively – while the department of justice said it “does not maintain any record of the statistical information”.

fellow 동료 친구

The low rate of charges so long after arrest is deliberate, said Eric Lai, the Hong Kong law fellow at Georgetown University.

arbiter 결정권자 중재자arbitrary 임의적인

It’s totally in their control whether and when they will prosecute the arrestee under police bail,” said Lai. “[Not doing so] creates a silencing effect in society, an idea that everyone could be arbitrarily arrested, even without charges, and so they can’t speak freely and participate in political society.”

long sentence 장기복역 선고

punish for ~때문에 벌주다 

the NSL had added the fear of long sentences and provided greater potential to punish people for speech.

chill 오싹하게 만들다(두려움으로) 춥게 만들다

This has a powerful chilling effect.

sedition 선동 폭동 난동 

sedition law 선동법

seperate 분리하다

But there are others, like Margaret Ng, Martin Lee, Lee Cheuk Yan and Albert Ho, who have been charged or convicted under pre-existing laws covering unauthorised protests, anti-pandemic gathering bans and the colonial-era sedition law.

blur 흐릿해지다 흐릿하게 만들다

Among the cases tracked by the Guardian, dozens of people arrested by the NSD – which has vastly expanded powers – were charged with fraud, money laundering, non NSL-sedition and other crimes unrelated to the new law, blurring the line between common law and national security.

risk ~을 위태롭게 하다 ~의 위험을 무릅쓰다

immunity 면역 면제

immune 면역이 된 면제된 Latin immunis, from munis “ready for service”

commune 공동체

municipal 지방자치제의 시의

munition 군수품

ammunition 탄약 정보

This risked normalising the NSD operating outside its scope (which gives some immunity from human rights laws), and limited what could be done to prevent “potential human rights violations during the investigative process,” Amnesty said.