[7-5] ABC/PBS FULL SCRIPTS

[charliek]

[7-5] VIOLENT GAMES

DIANE SAWYER (ABC NEWS)(OC): 법원에서 또 다시 깜짝 놀랄 판결이 나왔습니다. 오늘 대법원에서 나온 소식입니다. 어린이들도 폭력적인 비디오 게임을 사용할 권리가 있다는 것인데요. ABC의 “나이트라인” 테리 모란 앵커가 이번 대법원 소식을 취재해서, 어떻게 7대2의 판결이 나오게 되었는지를 보도합니다. 테리, 안녕하세요. 어떻게 그렇게 된거죠? 

And another lightning bolt from the legal world tonight.  Here is the headline out of the Supreme Court today.  Children do have the right to buy violent video games.  ABC's "Nightline" anchor Terry Moran covers the court for us and tells us how, by 7 to 2, the justices came to their verdict.  Good evening, Terry.  So, how did it happen?

TERRY MORAN (ABC NEWS)(OC): 다이앤, 물론 대법관들도 그 게임들의 폭력성에 당혹해 하기는 했지만, 이번 판결은, 추호의 여지 없이, 표현의 자유와 관련해 강력한 의미를 갖는 판결입니다.

Well, Diane, this is a strong free speech ruling, no question about it, even though many of the justices were clearly disturbed by these games.

TERRY MORAN (ABC NEWS)(VO): ‘자동차 대강도’, ‘악의 도시’, ‘포스탈 2’, ‘Duke Nuke 'em 3d’, ‘죽음의 전투’ 같은 게임들인데요. 이런 게임을 하는 어린이들은 게임 속에서 죽이고, 강간하고, 팔 다리를 자르고, 시신을 훼손하고, 존 F. 캐네디 대통령의 머리에 총을 쏘고, 콜롬바인 총격 사건을 재연할 수 있습니다.

We're talking about games like Grand Theft Auto, Vice City, Postal 2, Duke Nuke 'em 3d, Mortal Combat.  Children who play these games can kill, rape, maim, dismember, shoot John F Kenney in the head, re-enact Columbine.

TERRY MORAN (ABC NEWS)(OC): 캘리포니아는 이런 게임들의 미성년자에 대한 판매를 중단시키고 싶어했으나 대법원에서는 안된다고 판결한 것입니다. 표현의 자유를 제한한다는 것입니다.

And California wanted to ban their sale to minors, but the court said no way.  That restricts free speech.

TERRY MORAN (ABC NEWS)(VO): 스칼리아 대법관은 의견서에서 정부가 성적인 내용물들을 제한할 수는 있으나 폭력 혹은 기타 내용들을 제한할 수는 없을지도 모른다고 말했습니다. 국가 권력에는 어린이들이 노출될 수 있는 생각들을 마음대로 제한할 수 있는 권한이 포함되지 않는다는 것이죠. 

And Justice Scalia, in his opinion, said that government might be able to restrict sexual materials but not violent and other materials.  He said state power does not include a free-floating power to restrict the ideas to which children may be exposed.

TERRY MORAN (ABC NEWS)(OC): 그는 이 게임들을 아이들이 접근할 수 있는 그림(Grimm) 동화, ‘파리 대왕’ 및 기타 다른 폭력적인 내용물들에 비교했습니다. 

And he compared these games to Grimm's fairy tales and "Lord of the Flies" and other violent materials that kids have access to.

DIANE SAWYER (ABC NEWS)(OC): 그렇다면 결국 부모의 문제라는 의미겠군요?

So the court is really saying this is the parent's problem?

TERRY MORAN (ABC NEWS)(OC): 맞습니다. 대법원은 이 게임들을 하는 것과 실제 폭력 간에 연관성이 있다는 신뢰할 수 있는 증거가 전혀 없다고 판결했습니다. 이들에 따르면 만약 부모들이 그런 폭력물에 대해 문제 의식이 있다면, 아이들을 선도할 의무가 정부에 있는 것이 아니라 부모들에 있다는 것이죠.

That's it exactly.  The court found no credible evidence linking playing these games to actual violence.  They said if parents have a problem with it, it's not up to the government to parent our children, it's up to parents.

[7-5] Twitter Town Hall Showcases Social Media's Political Potential

SUMMARY: In a "Twitter town hall" Wednesday at the White House, people across the country tweeted questions for President Obama to answer. Jeffrey Brown discusses the town hall and how technology is changing politics with techPresident's Andrew Rasiej, The Brookings Institution's Darrell West and The Washington Post's Cecilia Kang.

JEFFREY BROWN: For a little over an hour today, the commander-in-chief was also the tweeter-in-chief. President Obama took his latest step into new media, using Twitter to *field public inquiries directly.    *field: 질문이나 공세 따위를 처리하다

In the hours before the town hall began, tweeted questions for the president were rolling in, 140 characters or less at a time. That's the format for Twitter, a micro-blogging and social networking service that was founded in 2006 and has *mushroomed in popularity. It now boasts more than 200 million registered users, with the same number of tweets per day being sent, the equivalent of a 10-million-page book.    *mushroom: To multiply, grow, or expand rapidly

PRESIDENT BARACK OBAMA: Hello, everybody.

(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE)

JEFFREY BROWN: For today's event, users from all over sent in their questions. A handful were picked and then posed by Twitter co-founder Jack Dorsey to the president, who answered verbally without the 140-character limit.

BARACK OBAMA: You know, that's a terrific question.

JEFFREY BROWN: Aides, however, did tweet shortened versions of the president's responses. Many of today's questions focused on jobs and the economy.

JACK DORSEY, Twitter: It comes from David: "Tech and knowledge industries are thriving, yet jobs discussion always centers on manufacturing. Why not be realistic about jobs?"

BARACK OBAMA: We have to be successful at the *cutting-edge industries of the future like Twitter. But we also have always been a country that makes stuff.  *cutting-edge: being or in accordance with current social fashions

What we want to focus on is advanced manufacturing that combines new technology, so research and development to figure out how are we going to create the next Twitter, how are we going to create the next Google, how are we going to create the next big thing, but make sure that production is here.

JEFFREY BROWN: It was the third such social media event for the president this year. In April, he took part in a town hall hosted by Facebook. And, in January, he answered video questions submitted via YouTube.

For the president and other politicians and leaders, Twitter especially has become an increasingly essential communications tool. Republican Mitt Romney used the service in early June to announce to his followers he was running for president, and then to keep them in the *loop about campaign events.  * in the loop: Part of a group that is kept up-to-date with information about something

And with more than half-a-million followers, former vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin is a frequent user, sometimes posting multiple times a day. There are also of course cautionary tales, including, most recently, Congressman Anthony Weiner, whose tweeted sexual messages and photos opened him to ridicule and ended in his resignation.

JACK DORSEY: Now, our next question comes from someone you may know. This is Speaker Boehner.

BARACK OBAMA: Oh, there you go.

(LAUGHTER)

JEFFREY BROWN: As for today's town hall, some of the president's political opponents took advantage of the *publicity to tweet their own challenges. *publicity: Public interest

House Speaker John Boehner wrote: "After embarking on a record *spending binge that's left us deeper in debt, where are the jobs?"  * binge: excessive indulgence in anything a shopping binge

The president, of course, had a ready answer.

BARACK OBAMA: Obviously John is the Speaker of the House, he's a Republican, and so this is a slightly skewed question.

*skewed: To look obliquely or sideways.

(LAUGHTER)

BARACK OBAMA: But what he's right about is that we have not seen fast enough job growth relative to the need.

JEFFREY BROWN: According to the White House, more than 60,000 tweets had been sent in to the event by noon, and many more came in even as the event unfolded.

More now on the links between social media and politics, from Andrew Rasiej, an entrepreneur and technology strategist. He is co-founder of Personal Democracy Forum and the blog techPresident, which reports on how technology is changing politics, government and society. Darrell West heads the Brookings Institution's Centers for Governance Studies and Tech Innovation. And Cecilia Kang is technology reporter for "The Washington Post." She was at the White House for today's event.

And, Cecilia, I will start with you because you were there. One clarification. The questions that were coming in, how were they picked and how much do we know about whether they were filtered for content or diversity of topic, et cetera?

CECILIA KANG, The Washington Post: Well, Twitter did have the last say on what questions would actually be served up and asked to the president.

But what they did is they took pains to explain that they actually had a search algorithm as well that searched for the most common and most popular subjects and questions. And they did that by searching what kinds of questions -- like, John Boehner's, House Representative John Boehner's question was re-tweeted and repeated so many times, and there was such a -- such a fertile discussion around his question. That made his question pop to the top of the list.

So that's how they actually chose the questions. But, ultimately, Twitter had the last say on what questions would ultimately be served and asked to the president.

JEFFREY BROWN: Now, Andrew Rasiej, when you look at something like this, what is the value of this kind of thing, the potential benefit for this kind of communication between a president or any political leader and the public?

ANDREW RASIEJ, Personal Democracy Forum: Well, any political leader needs to use the technologies, the communication technologies that the citizens that he represents uses.

So what *fireside chats were to Roosevelt, social media has the potential of being for President Obama. And the reality of social media is, is that it creates an opportunity for a much more robust interaction and interactive environment for citizens to not only engage with politicians, but for there to be more transparency about the communication and for politicians actually to be able to listen better, to be able to hear what the constituents are actually thinking. *fireside chat: 노변 담화/노변 정담