Jul. 11th

[TOM aka MOOK]

ATTENDANCE : Alica, Koosy, Sunny & Tom

1. E-Commerce

e-commerce, electronic commerce: [BUSINESS] the activity of buying and selling goods and services and doing other business activities using a computer and the Internet <ex> The B2B upstarts that supply software for e-commerce companies - like Oracle, Commerce One - have been market winners for much of the past year.

※ E-commerce consists of the buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other computer networks. The amount of trade conducted electronically has grown extraordinarily with widespread Internet usage. A large percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely electronically for virtual items such as access to premium content on a website, but most electronic commerce involves the transportation of physical items in some way.

Electronic commerce that is conducted between businesses is referred to as business-to-business or B2B. B2B can be open to all interested parties (e.g. commodity exchange) or limited to specific, pre-qualified participants (private electronic market). Electronic commerce that is conducted between businesses and consumers, on the other hand, is referred to as business-to-consumer or B2C. This is the type of electronic commerce conducted by companies such as Amazon.com.

※ E-trading is a method of trading securities (such as stocks, and bonds), foreign currency, and exchange traded derivatives electronically. It uses information technology to bring together buyers and sellers through electronic media to create a virtual market place. NASDAQ is an example of electronic market places.

geek: [INFORMAL] [DISAPPROVAL] someone who is not popular because they wear unfashionable clothes, do not know how to behave in social situations, or do strange things (= nerd) <ex> Why do you hang around with them? They’re just geeks.

nerd: [INFORMAL] ① [DISAPPROVAL] someone who seems only interested in computers and other technical things (= geek) <ex> We were a couple of engineering nerds. ② [OFFENSIVE] someone who seems very boring and unfashionable, and is not good in social situations (≒ doofus, dork, dweeb, geek, twerp) <ex> Mark claimed he was made to look a nerd.

jerk: [INFORMAL] [DISAPPROVAL] [OFFENSIVE] someone, especially a man, who is stupid or who does things that annoy or hurt other people <ex> I swore at him for being such a jerk.

fork out (sth): [INFORMAL] to spend a lot of money on something, not because you want to but because you have to (≒ cough up) <ex> I had to fork out ₤600 on my car when I had it serviced.

cough up: [INFORMAL] to give someone money, information etc when you do not really want to (≒ fork out) <ex> Insurance companies had to cough up ₤10 million in storm damage claims.

fortune: a very large amount of money <ex> My first painting sold for ₤25, a small fortune then for an art student.

yield: ① to produce crops, profits etc <ex> These investments should yield a reasonable return. ② [FORMAL] to allow yourself to be forced or persuaded to do something or stop having something (≒ give in, submit, succumb) <ex> Finally she yielded to temptation and helped herself to a large slice of cake. ③ [US] to allow other traffic on a bigger road to go first (= give way [UK]) <ex> Yield to traffic on the left.

be associated (with sb/sth): to be related to a particular subject, activity etc <ex> These symptoms are particularly associated with migraine headaches.

related: things that are related are connected in some way (≒ connected) <ex> Education levels are strongly related to income.

investigation: an official attempt to find out the truth about or the causes of something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem <ex> The investigation continued for nearly three years.

examination: the process of looking at something carefully in order to see what it is like <ex> The proposals are still under examination.

2. Being an Announcer

season: a series of films, plays, television programmes etc that are shown during a particular period of time <ex> The network has several new dramas lined up for the fall season.

break: if news about an important event breaks, it becomes known <ex> News of his resignation broke yesterday.

※ Breaking news or special report is a current event that broadcasters feel warrants the interruption of scheduled programming in order to report its details. Its use is often loosely assigned to the most significant story of the moment or a story that is being covered live. It could be a story that is simply of wide interest to viewers and has little impact otherwise. While in the past programming interruptions were restricted to extremely urgent news, such breaks are now common at 24-hour news channels which may have an anchor available for live interruption at any time.

autograph: a famous person’s signature that they give to someone who admires them <ex> Can I have your autograph?

assassinate: to murder an important person <ex> Would the USA be radically different today if Kennedy had not been assassinated?

let/blow off steam: [INFORMAL] to get rid of your anger, excitement, or energy in a way that does not harm anyone by doing something active <ex> Don’t take it personally when he shouts like that. He’s just blowing off steam.

perk: something that you get legally from your work in addition to your wages, such as goods, meals, or a car <ex> I only eat here because it’s free – one of the perks of the job.

pay packet: [UK] the amount of money someone earns (≒ paycheck [US]) <ex> Many receive pay packets that are below minimum wage.

3. Aung San Suu Kyi

laureate: someone who has been given an important prize or honour, especially the Nobel Prize <ex> Nobel laureates meeting in Jordan have urged the international community to address issues of inequity and injustice, which they say are the root causes of terrorism.

subversion: secret activities that are intended to damage or destroy the power or influence of a government or established system <ex> Murray was jailed for subversion.

revolution: a time when people change a ruler or political system by using force or violence <ex> The role of women has changed since the revolution.

overthrow: the defeat and removal from power of a leader or government, especially by force <ex> The organization was dedicated to the overthrow of capitalism.

coup, coup d’état,: a sudden and sometimes violent attempt by citizens or the army to take control of the government <ex> Haiti’s first elected president was deposed in a violent military coup.

junta: a military government that has gained power by using force <ex> The general said in order to enact the junta's seven-stage “road map to democracy,” peace and stability, law and order must be restored across the nation.

※ A military junta is a government led by a committee of military leaders. The term derives from the Spanish and Portuguese “junta” meaning committee, specifically a board of directors. Sometimes it becomes a military dictatorship, though the terms are not synonymous.

house arrest: a situation in which a prisoner is confined by a government, staying inside your house rather than in a prison <ex> Aung San Suu Kyi, the Burmese dissident, who won in 1991, was under house arrest and prohibited from traveling to Norway to accept her Prize.

※ In justice and law, house arrest (also called home confinement, home detention, or electronic monitoring) is a measure by which a person is confined by the authorities to his or her residence. While house arrest can be applied to common criminal cases when prison does not seem an appropriate measure, the term is often applied to the use of house confinement as a measure of repression by authoritarian governments against political dissidents. In that case, typically, the person under house arrest does not have access to means of communication.

bungalow: a small house which is often on one level <ex> Brunch will be made available on Sunday at the bungalow.

※ A bungalow is a type of single-story house that originated in India. The word derives from the Hindi baṅglā, meaning “Bengali”, used elliptically for a “house in the Bengal style”. Such houses were traditionally small, only one story and thatched, and had a wide veranda. In India and Pakistan, the term bungalow refers to any single-family unit (i.e., a house), as opposed to an apartment building, which is the norm for Indian and Pakistani middle-class city living. In India and Pakistan, owning a bungalow is a highly significant status symbol.

< a One-Story Bungalow >	< a Tourist Bungalow in Thailand >

border on sth: to be very close to being something extreme (≒ verge on) <ex> His confidence bordered on arrogance.

insanity: the state of being seriously mentally ill, so that you cannot live normally in society (= madness) <ex> The court acquitted Campbell on the grounds of temporary insanity.

be meant to do sth: to be intended to do something <ex> The diagram is meant to show the different stages of the process.

intrude: to interrupt someone or become involved in their private affairs in an annoying and unwanted way <ex> Would I be intruding if I came with you?

fishy: [INFORMAL] seeming bad or dishonest (= suspicious) <ex> There’s something very fishy about him.

likely: something that is likely will probably happen or is probably true (≒ probably, ≠ unlikely) <ex> Young drivers are most likely to have accidents.

convict: to prove or officially announce that someone is guilty of a crime after a trial in a law court (≠ acquit) <ex> She was convicted of shoplifting.

sentence: if a judge sentences someone who is guilty of a crime, they give them a punishment <ex> Sanchez was sentenced to three years in prison.

in the face of sth: in a situation where there are many problems, difficulties, or dangers <ex> It is amazing how Daniels has survived in the face of such strong opposition from within the party.

oppression: when someone treats a group of people unfairly or cruelly and prevents them from having the same rights as other people have <ex> They suffered years of political oppression.

suppress: to stop people from opposing the government, especially by using force <ex> The uprising was ruthlessly suppressed.

4. Handsome Husband

bump into sb: [INFORMAL] to meet someone who you know when you were not expecting to (= run into) <ex> I bumped into Jean in town.

come across sb/sth: to meet, find, or discover someone or something by chance (≒ encounter) <ex> I’ve never come across anyone quite like her before.

meet: to see someone by chance and talk to them (= bump into) <ex> I was worried I might meet Henry on the bus.

catch up: ① to improve and reach the same standard as other people in your class, group etc <ex> If you miss a lot of classes, it’s very difficult to catch up. ② to come from behind and reach someone in front of you by going faster <ex> Drive faster – they’re catching up with us. ③ to do what needs to be done because you have not been able to do it until now <ex> I have some work to catch up on. ④ to spend time finding out what has been happening while you have been away or during the time you have not seen someone <ex> When I got home I phoned Jo to catch up on all the gossip.

be on the verge of sth: to be at the point where something is about to happen (≒ be on the brink of sth) <ex> The show was on the verge of being canceled due to low ratings.

have a hard time: to have a lot of problems or bad experiences <ex> Vegetarians still often have a hard time of it when it comes to eating out.

better off: happier, improved, more successful etc (≠ worse off) <ex> I think she’s better off without him.

commit: to give someone your love or support in a serious and permanent way <ex> Anna wants to get married, but Bob’s not sure he wants to commit.

devoted: giving someone or something a lot of love and attention (≒ dedicated) <ex> Isabella was devoted to her brother.

encounter: to experience something, especially problems or opposition <ex> They encountered serious problems when two members of the expedition were injured.

face: if you face or are faced with a difficult situation, or if a difficult situation faces you, it is going to affect you and you must deal with it (≒ confront, deal with) <ex> Emergency services are facing additional problems this winter.

breakthrough: an important new discovery in something you are studying, especially one made after trying for a long time <ex> Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.

5. Morning Special(Jul. 6^th)

secretary general: the most important official in charge of a large organization <ex> U.N. Secretary General has appealed to the two holdouts to sign the agreement.

※ A number of international organizations, communist parties, and other bodies use the title Secretary General for their chief administrative officer.

empty-handed: without getting what you hoped or expected to get <ex> I spent all morning looking for a suitable present, but came home empty-handed.

ruling: the ruling group in a country or organization is the group that controls it (≒ governing) <ex> A ruling class clearly existed.

setback: a problem that delays or prevents progress, or makes things worse than they were <ex> The December elections were a major setback for the party.

make inroads into/on sth: to have an important effect or influence on something, especially by taking something away from it <ex> Video is making huge inroads into attendance figures at movie theaters.

thumb your nose at sb/sth: to show that you do not respect rules, laws etc or you do not care what someone thinks of you (≒ cock a snook) <ex> He has always thumbed his nose at the media.

kid gloves: a way of treating someone kindly and carefully because they easily become upset <ex> I want you to treat Hayley with kid gloves today. She’s still upset about her father.

light year: the distance that light travels in one year, about 9,460,000,000,000 kilometers, used for measuring distances between stars <ex> Astronomers have seen some clusters of stars a million light-years away.

black and white: considering things in a way that is too simple and as if things are either completely good or completely bad <ex> There’s still a tendency to see the issues in black and white.

fuse: to join together physically, or to make things join together, and become a single thing <ex> The egg and sperm fuse together as one cell.

hole: a weak part or fault in something such as an idea or plan <ex> The theory is full of holes.

throw/shed/cast light on sth: to provide new information that makes a difficult subject or problem easier to understand (≒ clarify, clear up, crystallize, elucidate, straighten out) <ex> Melanie was able to shed some light on the situation.

radiation: energy in the form of heat or light that is sent out as waves that you cannot see <ex> Sun creams work by blocking harmful ultraviolet radiation.

후기(0711).doc

[앨리카]

Thanks.. 오 방갈로 사진 좋네요~

[TOM aka MOOK]

앙 ^^ 1

[koosy]

ㅎㅎㅎ 좋은 자료 감솨~~ ^^

[TOM aka MOOK]

앙 ^^ 2

[hogan]

사랑합니다 / as usual

[TOM aka MOOK]

시끄러 ㅎ

[koosy]

따라하기는-_-

[TOM aka MOOK]

정말이지 니들은 참 the same as usual

[hogan]

정말이지 형의 촌철살인 as usual

[앨리카]

음.. 분위기 좋아요.ㅋ

[TOM aka MOOK]

적절한 반어법 환영합니다 ㅎ