- 히코리 청어 Shad, Hickory
. 학명; Alosa mediocris
. 서식지; 따뜻한 물의 해안과 강에 떼로 서식
. 통명; 히코리 청어
. 특징; 길쭉하며 압축되고 단면이 가늘어지는 몸과 톱니모양의 배비늘
. 먹이와 요리법; 식용가능하나 미국청어보다 맛이 떨어져 주로 알을 먹으며 미끼로 사용
1 학명과 서식지
- 학명; Alosa mediocris
- 서식지
. 온도와 깊이; 따뜻한 물의 해안과 강에 떼로 서식
. 지역; 서대서양, 메인에서 플로리다까지
Found only along the Atlantic coast of North America, the hickory shad ranges from the Kenduskeag River, Maine, to the St. Johns River, Florida. It is most common in the Southeast and in the mid-Atlantic regions. This species overlaps with American shad and ascends some of the same rivers when spawning.
Habitat. The hickory shad is a schooling species that spends most of its life in the ocean; when mature, it returns in the early spring through the summer to rivers and streams to spawn, inhabiting open water of medium to large rivers. Young shad descend rivers in the autumn.
2 통명
- 영어; shad herring, hickory jack, freshwater taylor, fall herring, bonejack.
- 한글; 히코리 청어, 청어목 민청어과
3 개요
- 길이; 60센티이내, 평균 40센티
- 무게; 6파운드이내, 평균 2파운드
The hickory shad can reach almost 2 feet in length and averages 1 to 3 pounds in weight. It can weigh as much as 6 pounds.
4 특징
- 길쭉하며 압축되고 단면이 가늘어지는 몸과 톱니모양의 배비늘
- 등은 녹회색, 옆은 무지개빛 은색, 배는 흰색
- 어깨의 반점과 뒤따르는 짧고 더 희미한 일련의 반점
- 미국청어와 비슷하나 아래턱이 돌출
A member of the Clupeidae family of herring and shad, the hickory shad is of significant recreational interest, being a friskier, although smaller, cousin of the American shad.
Identification. Gray-green on the back and fading to silver on the side, the hickory shad has clear fins, with the exception of the dusky dorsal and caudal fins, which are occasionally black edged. It has a strongly oblique mouth, a lower jaw that projects noticeably beyond its upper jaw, and a cheek that is longer than or about equal to its depth. There is a blue-black spot near the upper edge of the gill cover, followed by a clump of indistinct dusky spots that extends below the dorsal fin. There are also teeth on the lower jaw and 18 to 23 rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch.
5 먹이와 요리법
- 먹이; 작은 물고기가 주식이고 갑각류와 오징어 추가
- 24센티가 되면 매년 봄에 강으로 금식회귀하여 화씨 60도내외에 4-50만개를 산란
- 부화된 치어는 가을에 바다로 이동
- 미국청어보다 상업성은 낮지만 유일하게 낚시가 허가되어 인기
- 식용가능하나 미국청어보다 맛이 떨어져 주로 알을 먹으며 미끼로 사용
Hickory shad mature when they are 2 years old and about 12 inches long. Adults ascend coastal rivers during the spring. Preferred water temperatures range from 55° to 69°F, but the lower end of that range seems to trigger the spawning urge. The female lays up to 300,000 eggs. Young fish remain in rivers, estuaries, and backwaters, migrating to the sea by fall or early winter.
Food and feeding habits. At sea, hickory shad feed on small fish, as well as on squid, small crabs, other crustaceans, and fish eggs. In an irony that is common to most anadromous species, they are not pursued or caught by anglers in places where they do feed but are pursued and caught when migrating upriver in natal waters when they do not feed.