That: 1. 대명사 2. 접속사 3 형용사 4. 관계대명사 5. 부사

[주상욱]

총 5섯 가지가 있는데

그 중에서

1번은 많이 쓰이는 지시대명사로 여겨시면 되겠습니다.

2번이 중요한 것 같습니다.

3번 형용사는 뒤에 명사오면 형용사로 쓰였구나 여길수 있겠습니다

4번은 "that +동사" 처럼 이렇게 나오면 관계대명사로 쓰였다는 것을 알수 있겠습니다.

단, that이 선행사를 포함해서

1) that which

2) the person who

이렇게 고어로 쓰였다는 것을 꼭 알아두시기 바랍니다.

5번은 부사로 쓰일때도 있다고 알아두시구요

자 그럼 2번만을 다루어 보겠습니다.

¹that    pronoun

1 a : the person, thing, or idea indicated, mentioned, or understood from the situation <that is my father> b : the time, action, or event specified <after that I went to bed> c : the kind or thing specified as follows <the purest water is that produced by distillation> d : one or a group of the indicated kind <that's a cat -- quick and agile>
2 a : the one farther away or less immediately under observation or discussion <those are maples and these are elms> b : the former one
3 a -- used as a function word after and to indicate emphatic repetition of the idea expressed by a previous word or phrase <he was helpful, and that to an unusual degree> b -- used as a function word immediately before or after a word group consisting of a verbal auxiliary or a form of the verb be preceded by there or a personal pronoun subject to indicate emphatic repetition of the idea expressed by a previous verb or predicate noun or predicate adjective <is she capable? She is that>
4 a : the one : the thing : the kind : SOMETHING, ANYTHING <the truth of that which is true> <the senses are that whereby we experience the world> <what's that you say> b plural : some persons <those who think the time has come>
- all that : everything of the kind indicated <tact, discretion, and all that>
- at that 1 : in spite of what has been said or implied 2 : in addition : ²BESIDES

 ²that     conjunction

1 a (1) -- used as a function word /

기능어로 사용된다.

to introduce a noun clause/

명사절을 소개하기 위해서

that is usually /

보통

the subject or object of a verb /

                         or a predicate nominative

 주어 혹은 동사의 대상 /혹은 술어의 주격이 있는 

즉, 절을 소개하기 위한 기능어로 "접속사"로 사용된다는 것입니다.

예문입니다 

<said that he was afraid>

s+v (절)을 소개하기 위해서 사용되었는데

that~이하 즉 "그는 무서웠다고" 말했다.

 + 물으신 내용은 여기에 해당됩니다

(2) -- used as a function word/

기능어로 사용된다

 to introduce a subordinate clause /

 종속절을 소개하기 위해/

that is anticipated by the expletive it /

it이라는 단어에 의해 예상되는

occurring as subject of the verb /

동사의 주어로서 발생한

동사의 주어로서 발생한 it이라는 "단어(expletive)에 의해 예상되는

종속절을 소개하기 위해 기능어로 사용된다.

<it is unlikely that he'll be in>

그가 안에 있지 않을것 같다.

it is ~ that 이런 식으로 사용되었기 때문입니다.

그렇지요^^?

정리: it + 동사 ~ that s+v

it은 가주어처럼

+ 동사! 의

진짜 주어를 설명해주는 절로써

that이 사용되었음을 알수 있습니다.

형식은 "it 동사 ~ that 주어 동사"

 ¹ex·ple·tive  noun
Pronunciation: 'ek-spl&-tiv

1 a : a syllable, word, or phrase inserted to fill a vacancy

어떤 빈것을 채우기 위해 삽입된 음절, 말, 혹은 구

 (as in a sentence or a metrical line) without adding to the sense; especially : a word (as it in "make it clear which you prefer")

( )는 as~라고 나와있으니 ~에서 처럼 이런 직유이니 우선 괄호로 묶어 나중에 살펴보기록 합니다.

/that occupies the position of the subject or object of a verb

동사의 주어 혹은 대상의 위치를 차지하는/

/in normal English word order

 보통 영어 어순에서

a vacancy /that occupies~

                and anticipates~ 이런 구조입니다

and anticipates a subsequent word or phrase /

that supplies the needed meaningful content

다음에 오는 단어나 구/

요구된 의미의 내용을 공급해주는

즉 요구된 의미의 내용을 공급해주는 다음에 나오는 단어나 구를 예상하는/

 b : an exclamatory word or phrase; especially : one that is obscene or profane
2 : one that serves to fill out or as a filling

 (3) -- used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause that is joined as complement to a noun or adjective <we are certain that this is true> <the fact that you are here> (4) -- used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause modifying an adverb or adverbial expression‎ <will go anywhere that he is invited> b -- used as a function word to introduce an exclamatory clause expressing a strong emotion especially of surprise, sorrow, or indignation <that it should come to this!>
2 a (1) -- used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause expressing purpose or desired result <cutting down expenses that her son might inherit an unencumbered estate -- W. B. Yeats> (2) -- used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause expressing a reason or cause <rejoice that you are lightened of a load -- Robert Browning> (3) -- used as a function word to introduce a subordinate clause expressing consequence, result, or effect <are of sufficient importance that they cannot be neglected -- Hannah Wormington> b -- used as a function word to introduce an exclamatory clause expressing a wish <oh, that he would come>
3 -- used as a function word after a subordinating conjunction without modifying its meaning <if that thy bent of love be honorable -- Shakespeare>

 ³that     adjective

1 a : being the person, thing, or idea specified, mentioned, or understood b : being the one specified -- usually used for emphasis <that rarity among leaders> <that brother of yours> c : so great a : SUCH
2 : the farther away or less immediately under observation or discussion <this chair or that one>

⁴that pronoun

1 -- used as a function word to introduce a restrictive relative clause and to serve as a substitute within that clause for the substantive modified by the clause <the house that Jack built> <I'll make a ghost of him that lets me -- Shakespeare>
2 a : at which : in which : on which : by which : with which : to which <each year that the lectures are given> b : according to what : to the extent of what -- used after a negative <has never been here that I know of>
3 a archaic : that which b obsolete : the person who
usage That, which, who: In current usage that refers to persons or things, which chiefly to things and rarely to subhuman entities, who chiefly to persons and sometimes to animals. The notion that that should not be used to refer to persons is without foundation; such use is entirely standard. Because that has no genitive form or construction, of which or whose must be substituted for it in contexts that call for the genitive.
usage That, which: Although some handbooks say otherwise, that and which are both regularly used to introduce restrictive clauses in edited prose. Which is also used to introduce nonrestrictive clauses. That was formerly used to introduce nonrestrictive clauses; such use is virtually nonexistent in present-day edited prose, though it may occasionally be found in poetry.

⁵that   adverb
1 : to such an extent <a nail about that long>
2 : VERY, EXTREMELY -- usually used with the negative <did not take the festival that seriously -- Eric Goldman>

[coaldia]

감사합니다. 죄송합니다만 아마 모를 때마다 질문하는 것이 더 나을 것 같네요.