- 청상아리 Shark, Shortfin Mako
. 학명; Isurus oxyrinchus
. 서식지; 수심350미터인 16도내외의 물에서 해류를 통해 장거리 회유
. 통명; 청상아리
. 특징; 가슴지느러미가 길고 몸은 매우 날씬하고 긴 유선형
. 먹이와 요리법; 회로, 조리하여 다양하게 식용가능
1 학명과 서식지
- 학명; Isurus oxyrinchus
- 서식지
. 온도와 깊이; 수심150미터이내, 16도이상의 따뜻한 물의 원양과 섬
. 지역; 전세계 온대와 열대 해역에서 장거리 이주
The shortfin mako is widely distributed throughout the oceans. In the western Atlantic it ranges from the Gulf of Maine to southern Brazil; in the eastern Pacific it ranges south of the Aleutian Islands to Hawaii, and from Southern California to Chile. Although most abundant in temperate waters (64° to 70°F is considered ideal), some large makos adapt to temperatures in the upper 50s, and smaller makos often prefer waters in the 70s. A similar species, the longfin mako (I. paucus), is encountered mainly at night by anglers fishing great depths well offshore.
2 통명
- 영어; blue pointer, bonito shark, dog shark, short-nosed mackerel shark.
- 한글; 청상아리, 흉상어목 흉상어과
3 개요
- 길이; 520센티이내, 평균 360센티
- 무게; 1260파운드이내, 평균 220파운드
The shortfin mako is by far the most popular of angling sharks, exceeding 1,000 pounds in weight and 13 feet in length.
4 특징
- 시속 70키로에 이르는 빠르고 힘센 상어로 날카롭게 뾰족한 주둥이
- 역류 열교환으로 수온보다 6도 높은 체온유지가능
- 상어이빨을 의미하는 마오리어에서 마코유래
- 원통형으로 세로의 긴 꼬리, 메탈릭 블루색인 등과 백색의 배는 사후 회갈색으로 변화
- 모래톱상어가 체중의 0.6%를 먹는데 이의 5배인 거의 3%의 먹이가 필요
- 13000뉴턴으로 강력한 악력
The shortfin mako has a streamlined, well-proportioned body that is most striking for a vivid blue-gray or cobalt blue coloring on its back, which changes to a lighter blue on the sides and a snowy white on the belly; this brilliant coloring fades after death to a grayish-brown. Other characteristic features are a conical, sharply pointed snout; a large flattened keel on either side of the caudal peduncle; and a lunate (crescent-shaped) tail with lobes of nearly equal size.
The large first dorsal fin begins just behind the base of the pectoral fins. The shortfin mako can be easily distinguished from all other sharks by its teeth, which are slender and curved and lack cusps or serrations.
The warm-blooded mako is ovoviviparous, which means the eggs hatch inside the mother and the young are born alive; while in the uterus, the unborn young often resort to cannibalism until just one remains for birth.
5 먹이와 요리법
- 먹이; 두족류, 고등어, 참치, 가다랑어, 황새치를 주로 섭취하고 바다새나 거북, 돌고래도 추가
- 아래에서 수직돌진하여 먹이의 옆구리와 지느러미를 찢어 공격
- 전기수용체뿐만 아니라, 후각, 청각, 그리고 시각을 활용하여 사냥
- 18세가되면 암컷은 3년마다 여러 수컷과 교미하고 난태생으로 16개월간 임신
- 치어는 자궁내 비수정란을 먹이로 성장하고 초봄에 70센티의 새끼 10마리 출산
- 맛있는 식용으로 어획과 낚시로 인기있어 남획
- 신선하게 회로 먹거나 조리하여 다양하게 식용가능
Makos have all the characteristics of gamefish, in that they fight hard, have good endurance, and are fast, active, strong swimmers that jump, often spectacularly. Unfortunately for makos, they are also very good food fish—a quality that has endeared them to longliners and has led to a sharp decline in abundance.
Because female makos weigh more than 600 pounds before becoming mature, and only a few pregnant specimens have ever been recorded, it’s something of a miracle that there are any makos left in the oceans at all. The all-tackle world record was a 1,115-pound fish taken off Mauritius in 1988, until superseded in 2001 by a 1,221-pounder caught off Massachusetts.