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- 스눅 Snook, Common
. 학명; Centropomus undecimalis
. 서식지; 14도이상 따뜻하고 얕은 강, 하구, 근해
. 통명; 스눅
. 특징; 길고 오목한 주둥이와 브러시같은 이빨에 튀어나온 아래턱
. 먹이와 요리법; 회로 먹거나 일반적인 조리로 식용
1 학명과 서식지
- 학명; Centropomus undecimalis
- 서식지
. 온도와 깊이; 14도이상 따뜻하고 얕은 강, 하구, 근해
. 지역; 서대서양의 노스캐롤라이나에서 브라질까지의 연안과 강
In the western Atlantic, common snook are found primarily in southern Florida, as well as off the southeastern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. They are also occasionally encountered off North Carolina and Texas. The largest snook in Florida, exceeding 30 pounds, are caught chiefly in east coast bays and inlets from Vero Beach south to Miami, but their most abundant populations are on the west coast from Boca Grande south throughout the Everglades region, including Florida Bay.
The range of the Pacific black snook is in the eastern Pacific, primarily from Baja California, Mexico, to Colombia. The range of the Pacific white snook is similar, extending from Baja California to Peru.
Habitat. Snook inhabit warm, shallow coastal waters and are able to tolerate freshwater and saltwater. They are most common along continental shores, preferring fast-moving tides and relying on the shelter of estuaries, lagoons, mangrove areas, and brackish streams, as well as freshwater canals and rivers, usually at depths of less than 65 feet. Occasionally, they occur in small groups over grassy flats and shallow patch reefs and may be found at the mouths of tributaries and along the ocean side of shores near tributaries. Snook cannot tolerate water temperatures below 60°F; in the winter, they stay in protected, stable-temperature areas such as those under bridges and in ship channels, turning basins, warmwater outflows near power plants, and the upper reaches of estuaries.
2 통명
- 영어; linesider, robalo, sergeant fish, snook;
Portuguese: robalo; Spanish: robalo, robalito.
- 한글; 팻스눅, 농어목 Centropomus과
3 개요
- 길이; 120센티이내, 평균 60센티
- 무게; 50파운드이내, 평균 7파운드
The common snook grows much larger than other Atlantic-range snook, averaging 11⁄2 to 21⁄2 feet or 5 to 8 pounds, although it can reach 4 feet and 50 pounds.
Females are almost always larger than males, although growth rates are variable. The all-tackle world record is a 53-pound, 10-ounce fish, taken off eastern Costa Rica in 1978. Common snook can live for more than 20 years.
4 특징
- 뚜렷한 검은색 옆줄과 칙칙한 몸색으로 유선형
- 길고 오목한 주둥이와 브러시같은 이빨에 튀어나온 아래턱
- 산란기에는 밝은 노란색의 꼬리지느러미로 변색가능
- 염도의 변화에는 강하나 추위에 약해서 13도이하에서 사망
- 암컷이 부족하면 30인치이내인 일부 수컷이 2-3개월에 걸처 성전환
The common snook is the most abundant and wide-ranging of the snook and is highly sought after because of its strength and acrobatics when hooked. It is a member of the Centropomidae family, which also includes such prized species as the Nile perch, although it is superior to the former as a sportfish, even though it doesn’t reach the same monstrous proportions. It is also related to the barramundi, with which it shares some appearance and behavioral traits.
The common snook was once a favored commercial species in Florida; it is now strictly a gamefish there but may be taken commercially in other parts of its range.
Identification. A silvery fish with a yellow-green or olive tint, the common snook has a body that is streamlined and slender, with a distinct black lateral line running from the top of its gills to the end of its forked tail. It has a sloping forehead; a long, concave snout; and a large mouth with brushlike teeth and a protruding lower jaw. The fins are occasionally bright yellow, although the pelvic fin is usually pale, unlike the orange-yellow, black-tipped pelvic fin of the tarpon snook. The common snook has a high, divided dorsal fin, as well as small scales that run from about 70 to 77 along the lateral line to the base of the tail. It has relatively short anal spines that do not reach the base of the tail when pressed against the body; there are usually 6 soft rays in the anal fin. There are also 15 to 16 rays in the pectoral fins and 7 to 9 gill rakers on the first arch.
5 먹이와 요리법
- 먹이; 입 크기에 맞는 생선과 갑각류를 닥치는 대로 사냥
- 매년 여름 보름즈음 염분이 높은 근해의 동일한 지역에 모여서 매일 150만개 산란
- 치어는 인근 강어귀의 기수로 이동해서 성장하고 3년후 바다로 복귀
- 식용이나 낚시로 인기
- 수은농도가 높을 가능성이 있는 큰 생선은 주의
- 껍질은 비눗물과 같은 불쾌한 맛이므로 제거
- 회로 먹거나 일반적인 조리로 식용
Common snook congregate at mouths of passes and rivers during the spawning season, returning to the same spawning sites each summer. Spawning grounds include significant passes and inlets of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico, such as Sebastian, Ft. Pierce, St. Lucie, Jupiter, and Lake Worth inlets on the east coast and Hurricane, Clearwater, and John’s passes on the west coast. Common snook also spawn inside Tampa Bay around passes to the secondary embankments of Miquel Bay, Terra Ceia Bay, and Riviera Bay. The season extends from April through November, but activity peaks between May and July; more intense spawning occurs during new or full moon phases. A female may spawn more than 1.5 million eggs every day in the early part of the season, with larvae drifting for 15 to 20 days after hatching.
Young fish remain in the quiet, secluded upper reaches of estuaries until they reach sexual maturity, which males attain after 2 to 3 years and females after 3 to 4 years.
Common snook are protandric hermaphrodites—they can change their sex from male to female; this change usually happens between the ages of 2 and 7 and between the lengths of 17 to 30 inches. Within a group of common snook, sex reversal is brought about by a change in the size of individuals; that is, if a group that loses its largest fish has lost females, some males may undergo sex reversal to fill the absence, a process that takes from 60 to 90 days.
Food and feeding habits. Carnivorous predators that ambush their prey as currents sweep food into their vicinity, snook feed on both freshwater and saltwater fish, shrimp, crabs, and larger crustaceans.