목 주변 근육 정리

[이영호]

1. 경추의 구조

http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/QzIa/50

동영상 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XH4bnJcEoq8&feature=player_embedded

동영상 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NYQchLp9Pow&feature=player_embedded

2. 경추의 운동

경추 신전 60도, 굴곡 50도 - 경추의 굴곡신전은 capital flex and ext과 구분해야

경추 측굴 좌우 45도

경추 회전 좌우 80도

FLEXION	EXTENSION	ROTATION	SIDEFLEXION
longus colli and capitis infrahyoid muscles	splenius capitis semispinalis capitis suboccipitals trapezius	splenius capitis sternocleidomastoid levator scapula suboccipitals	scalenes

3. 경추의 근육

1) 전면/ 측면부 주요 근육

http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/RUDq/26

2) 후면부 주요 근육

 가. Trapezius

Latin	musculus trapezius
Origin	external occipital protuberance,nuchal ligament, medial superior nuchal line, spinous processes ofvertebrae C7-T12
Insertion	posterior border of the lateral third of the clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula
Artery	superficial branch of transverse cervical artery or superficial cervical artery [1]
Nerve	accessory nerve (motor) cervical spinal nerves C3 and C4 (motor and sensation)[2]
Actions	rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of scapula
Antagonist	serratus anterior muscle,Latissimus dorsi

나. Splenius capitis muscle

Splenius capitis muscle
Muscles connecting the upper extremity to the vertebral column (splenius capitis et cervicis labeled at upper right).
Details
Latin	Musculus splenius capitis
Origin	Nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T3
Insertion	Mastoid process of temporal andoccipital bone
Artery	Muscular branches of the aorta
Nerve	Posterior ramus of spinal nervesC3 and C4
Actions	Extend, rotate, and laterally flex the head

다. Splenius cervicis muscle

Latin	Musculus splenius cervicis
Origin	Spinous processes of T3-T6
Insertion	Transverse processes of C1-C3
Artery	Transverse cervical artery andoccipital artery
Nerve	Posterior rami of the lowerCervical spinal nerves
Actions	Bilaterally: Extend the head & neck, Unilaterally: Lateral flexion to the same side, Rotation to the same side

라. suboccipital muscle

Suboccipital muscles are a group of muscles defined by their location to the occiput. Suboccipital muscles refers to the muscles located below the occipital bone. These are four muscles on the underside of the occipital bone, the two oblique muscles and the two rectus muscles, collectively these are called the suboccipital muscles.

The muscles are named

• Rectus capitis posterior major goes from the spinous process of the axis (C2) to the occipital bone.
• Rectus capitis posterior minor goes from the middle of the posterior arch of the atlas to the occipit.
• Obliquus capitis superior goes from the transverse process of the atlas to the occiput.
• Obliquus capitis inferior goes from the spine of the axis vertebra to the transverse process of the atlas.

Many are innervated by the suboccipital nerve.

4. 경추의 흔한 질환

http://cafe.naver.com/panicbird/123

5. 근막이완

 1) 롤핑

     - http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/OJs0/281

2) CMP건

    - http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/Qibc/88

    - http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/Qibc/89

3) suboccipital release

  - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AcnBZsM6qjI&feature=player_embedded

4) 폼롤러를 이용한 근막이완

   - http://tvpot.daum.net/v/v2c0dDtI0WwZDkkjR3dZLuw

6. 주요 근육 스트레칭 

1) 스트레칭 기본개념

*** 각 동작은 5초씩 3회가 기본(7초가 넘어가면 보상기전이 발생하므로)

*** 모든 동작은 다음 동작을 위한 예비동작 임, 건너 뛰지 말 것

 http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/QtNi/299

2) scm

수동적 스트레칭 : http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/RUDq/72

3) scalene muscle

수동적 스트레칭 : http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/RUDq/72 

4) upper trapezius

5) Splenius capitis , Splenius cervicis

수동적 스트레칭 : http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/RUDq/71

6) suboccipital muscle

수동적 스트레칭 : http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/RUDq/71

7. 관절가동  

1) 총괄

 http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/OUdz/3

2) Cervico-Thoracic Joint Distraction Manipulation

http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/OU8N/131

3) Cervical Spine Seated C1-2 Mobilization

http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/OU8N/130

4) cervical spine anterior to posterior mobilization

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=kyYWbDjlHMk

5) C3-7 z-joint and u-joint mobilizations - YouTube

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=oTqteYqQx4M

8. 인대 약침, 가열식 화침

 http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/RNu8/21

9. stabilizing ex.

 1)  초기 안정화 운동

 2) chin in ex.

 http://tvpot.daum.net/v/v07b9gm7pq47m5xImI4Rx4D

http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/OUbm/113

10. 근력 불균형 검사

1)근력 검사의 고려사항

http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/QzZ4/15

2) capital extension and flexion

3) cervical extension and flexion

4) capital and cervical(combined extension and flexion)

5) cervical rotation

- 위 동작을 시켜보면서 rom을 보고, 통증여부, weakness여부, 근육동원여부, 협응성 여부, 근지구력, 근력, 전체 움직임을 살펴야

단단해지고 짧아져 스트레칭이 우선적으로 필요한 근육

1. 흉쇄유돌근

2. 경추신전근

억제되고 약해져 근육활성, 근력강화가 우선적으로 필요한 근육

1. 심부경추굴곡근

2. 사각근

Figure 10.4 Upper trapezius(상부 승모근)

Figure 10.7 Screening test - sternocleidomastoid tightness(흉쇄유돌근)

Figure 10.23 Head flexion

11. isolation ex.

1) deep neck flexor exercise 4단계 (longus colli)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y4YTIhSBtxc&feature=player_embedded

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1smVSuQiQx8&feature=player_embedded

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHR6vi5uLDw&feature=player_embedded

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AAwPnN9BwSw&feature=player_embedded

12. functional ex.

1) 누워서 목 들기

http://tvpot.daum.net/v/v68b4I676Iw7EroOsdwy7G4

2) 엎드려 목 들기

http://tvpot.daum.net/v/v992aqiszCiC7WjTa07d7aj

3) 엎드려 상체 올리기

http://tvpot.daum.net/v/va410gNanaN7yOLyKKynLWa

4) 옆으로 누워서 목 들기

http://tvpot.daum.net/v/v1794iVipriip7u2ppxr12p

5) 누워서 엉덩이 들기

13. 정렬운동

 여러 운동 참조......

14. 행동수정

http://cafe.daum.net/panicbird/RA4M/26