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Howdy !
It's me Scarlett !
This week we have 3 topics.
◈ Entertainment : 10 Inspirational Quotes From The Star Wars Series
◈ Social affairs : Information Warfare
- What is information warfare?
- Governments don't understand cyber warfare. We need hackers
◈ Self management : New Year's Resolutions
- Five New Year's Resolutions That Will Change Your Life
- Top 10 Commonly Broken New Year's Resolutions
- 50 New Year’s Resolution Ideas And How To Achieve Each Of Them
With luv
Scarlett
10 Inspirational Quotes From The Star Wars Series
http://www.lifehack.org/349576/10-inspirational-quotes-from-the-star-wars-series
<Questions>
Q1. Did you watch the movie 'Star Wars' series? Which one was the most impressive one?
Q2. Do you have any memorable quotes until now from Star Wars series? Why do you like that sentence?
Q3. In the states, Star wars series are so popular but not that much in Korea. Why?
Q4. Among 10 quotes, do you agree with the no. 8 sentence which is 'Fear leads to anger. Anger leads to hate. Hate leads to suffering'. If you have someone you hate deadly, could you forgive him/ her for your peaceful mind?
Q5. Currently, which movie is the most impressive to you? And why?
What is information warfare?
By David Stupples/ Dec 3 2015
In the 21st century the familiar form of warfare in which physical damage is meted out against the opponent’s military forces and infrastructure has become only one form of attack. Instead, states are increasingly launching non-lethal attacks against an enemy’s information systems – this is the rise of information warfare.
Dan Kuehl of the National Defence University defined information warfare as the “conflict or struggle between two or more groups in the information environment”. You might say that just sounds like a fancier way of describing hacking. In fact it’s a lot more sinister and a lot more dangerous than its somewhat tame name implies.
Western leaders are investing billions to develop capabilities matching those of China and Russia, establishing military commands for attacking, defending and exploiting the vulnerabilities of electronic communications networks. Information warfare combines electronic warfare, cyberwarfare and psy-ops (psychological operations) into a single fighting organisation, and this will be central to all warfare in the future.
The anatomy of information warfare
The free flow of information within and between nation states is essential to business, international relations and social cohesion, as much as information is essential to a military force’s ability to fight. Communications today lean heavily on the internet, or via communications using various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum (such as radio or microwaves) through terrestrial communications networks or satellite networks in space. We live in a highly connected world, but it doesn’t take much to tip over into instability or even chaos.
Electronic warfare is used to disrupt or neutralise these electromagnetic transmissions. These might be electronic counter measures and jamming used to cripple military communications or weapons guidance systems. Or it can include civil uses, for example the ADS-B air traffic control system used by aircraft to avoid in-flight collisions, or the recently adopted European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) that replaces railway trackside signalling and provides full control of trains. Jamming or degrading either of these would cause chaos.
We have become familiar with cyber-attacks launched through the internet against digital networks, which can make it impossible for businesses to operate. Enormous damage can follow, in cost and reputation, as seen from attacks on Sony Pictures and TalkTalk. Bringing down a stock exchange could cause massive financial losses. Cyber-attacks can also be directed at industrial control systems used in manufacturing plants or in power, water and gas utilities. With the capacity to affect such a wide range of national infrastructure lives would be put at risk.
Psy-ops are aimed more at degrading the morale and well-being of a nation’s citizens. This might include spreading false information, rumour and fear through social media and news outlets. The great level of connectedness that populations have today is a strength, but being instantly connected means that misinformation and fear can also spread rapidly, resulting in panic.
Information warfare, then, is the integration of electronic warfare, cyberwarfare and psychological operations, for both attack and defence.
Information war has already broken out
It’s suspected that Russia has launched increasingly sophisticated non-lethal attacks on its neighbours, for example against Estonia, Georgia and Ukraine, which experienced an integrated onslaught of electronic, cyber-attacks and psychological operations.
There is convincing circumstantial evidence that the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan gas pipeline in Georgia was targeted using a sophisticated computer virus which caused an uncontrolled pressure build-up that led to an explosion. Even the so-called Islamic State has shown it has a good understanding of how to use and manipulate social media for use in psychological warfare. IS is reportedly building greater cyberwar and electronic warfare capabilities, as it recognises that winning the information war is key.
A response to unconventional warfare
In response to the threat of information war the British Army has established two new formations: the 77th Brigade for dealing with psychological operations, and the 1st Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade which combines electronic warfare and intelligence. Hundreds of computer experts will be recruited as reservists, trained with the help of GCHQ’s Joint Cyber Unit.
These are moves in the right direction, but the approach is too piecemeal. A recent RAND Corporation report argued for a highly integrated approach to all aspects of information warfare in order to present an effective defence force. In the US, Admiral Michael S. Rogers released a Cyber Command vision statement, describing how it would defend Department of Defence networks, systems and information against cyber attacks and provide support to military and contingency operations. The US approach is more integrated but this is only the case within the military – from a national perspective both countries lack an overall integrated approach with a common command structure that includes threats to civilian infrastructure.
So while the concept of information war appears to be well understood the aspects of it are not being addressed together, and such siloed thinking could lead to gaps in our security. Western governments have failed to fully grasp the vulnerability of electronic communications and the enormous risks this poses to critical infrastructure, transport, and the safety of civilians.
The US director of intelligence has emphasised the enormity of the cyber-threat facing the US, while British General Sir Nicholas Houghton in a speech at Chatham House observed that most acts of physical war today incorporate an online aspect, where social networks are exploited to manipulate opinion and perception. He also acknowledged that the tactics employed by Russia combine aspects of information war and also counter-intelligence, espionage, economic warfare and the sponsoring of proxies.
We need to better understand the full scope of information warfare as it evolves, identify where we are most vulnerable, and then establish a single point of responsibility to implement defence mechanisms. Because those adversaries that are unconstrained by western policies, or by ethical or legal codes, can and will exploit our vulnerabilities.
Publication does not imply endorsement of views by the World Economic Forum.
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Author: David Stupples is a Professor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Director of Electronic Warfare Research at the City University London.
Image: An illustration picture shows a projection of binary code on a man holding a laptop computer. REUTERS/Kacper Pempel.
Article source : https://agenda.weforum.org/2015/12/what-is-information-warfare/?utm_content=buffer7c378&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com&utm_campaign=buffer
Governments don't understand cyber warfare. We need hackers
2015.06 / Rodrigo Bijou
In 2008, Burhan Hassan, age 17, boarded a flight from Minneapolis to the Horn of Africa. And while Burhan was the youngest recruit, he was not alone. Al-Shabaab managed to recruit over two dozen young men in their late teens and early 20s with a heavy presence on social media platforms like Facebook. With the Internet and other technologies, they've changed our everyday lives, but they've also changed recruitment, radicalization and the front lines of conflict today.
What about the links connecting Twitter, Google and protesters fighting for democracy? These numbers represent Google's public DNS servers, effectively the only digital border crossing protesters had and could use to communicate with each other, to reach the outside world and to spread viral awareness of what was happening in their own country.
Today, conflict is essentially borderless. If there are bounds to conflict today, they're bound by digital, not physical geography. And under all this is a vacuum of power where non-state actors, individuals and private organizations have the advantage over slow, outdated military and intelligence agencies. And this is because, in the digital age of conflict, there exists a feedback loop where new technologies, platforms like the ones I mentioned, and more disruptive ones, can be adapted, learned, and deployed by individuals and organizations faster than governments can react.
To understand the pace of our own government thinking on this, I like to turn to something aptly named the Worldwide Threat Assessment, where every year the Director of National Intelligence in the US looks at the global threat landscape, and he says, "These are the threats, these are the details, and this is how we rank them." In 2007, there was absolutely no mention of cyber security. It took until 2011, when it came at the end, where other things, like West African drug trafficking, took precedence. In 2012, it crept up, still behind things like terrorism and proliferation. In 2013, it became the top threat, in 2014 and for the foreseeable future.
What things like that show us is that there is a fundamental inability today on the part of governments to adapt and learn in digital conflict, where conflict can be immaterial, borderless, often wholly untraceable. And conflict isn't just online to offline, as we see with terrorist radicalization, but it goes the other way as well.
We all know the horrible events that unfolded in Paris this year with the Charlie Hebdo terrorist attacks. What an individual hacker or a small group of anonymous individuals did was enter those social media conversations that so many of us took part in. #JeSuisCharlie. On Facebook, on Twitter, on Google, all sorts of places where millions of people, myself included, were talking about the events and saw images like this, the emotional, poignant image of a baby with "Je suis Charlie" on its wrist. And this turned into a weapon. What the hackers did was weaponize this image, where unsuspecting victims, like all of us in those conversations, saw this image, downloaded it but it was embedded with malware. And so when you downloaded this image, it hacked your system. It took six days to deploy a global malware campaign. The divide between physical and digital domains today ceases to exist, where we have offline attacks like those in Paris appropriated for online hacks.
And it goes the other way as well, with recruitment. We see online radicalization of teens, who can then be deployed globally for offline terrorist attacks.
With all of this, we see that there's a new 21st century battle brewing, and governments don't necessarily take a part.
So in another case, Anonymous vs. Los Zetas. In early September 2011 in Mexico, Los Zetas, one of the most powerful drug cartels, hung two bloggers with a sign that said, "This is what will happen to all Internet busybodies." A week later, they beheaded a young girl. They severed her head, put it on top of her computer with a similar note. And taking the digital counteroffensive because governments couldn't even understand what was going on or act, Anonymous, a group we might not associate as the most positive force in the world, took action, not in cyber attacks, but threatening information to be free. On social media, they said, "We will release information that ties prosecutors and governors to corrupt drug deals with the cartel." And escalating that conflict, Los Zetas said, "We will kill 10 people for every bit of information you release." And so it ended there because it would become too gruesome to continue. But what was powerful about this was that anonymous individuals, not federal policia, not military, not politicians, could strike fear deep into the heart of one of the most powerful, violent organizations in the world. And so we live in an era that lacks the clarity of the past in conflict, in who we're fighting, in the motivations behind attacks, in the tools and techniques used, and how quickly they evolve. And the question still remains: what can individuals, organizations and governments do?
For answers to these questions, it starts with individuals, and I think peer-to-peer security is the answer. Those people in relationships that bought over teens online, we can do that with peer-to-peer security. Individuals have more power than ever before to affect national and international security. And we can create those positive peer-to-peer relationships on and offline, we can support and educate the next generation of hackers, like myself, instead of saying, "You can either be a criminal or join the NSA." That matters today. And it's not just individuals -- it's organizations, corporations even. They have an advantage to act across more borders, more effectively and more rapidly than governments can, and there's a set of real incentives there. It's profitable and valuable to be seen as trustworthy in the digital age, and will only be more so in future generations to come.
But we still can't ignore government, because that's who we turn to for collective action to keep us safe and secure. But we see where that's gotten us so far, where there's an inability to adapt and learn in digital conflict, where at the highest levels of leadership, the Director of the CIA, Secretary of Defense, they say, "Cyber Pearl Harbor will happen." "Cyber 9/11 is imminent." But this only makes us more fearful, not more secure. By banning encryption in favor of mass surveillance and mass hacking, sure, GCHQ and the NSA can spy on you. But that doesn't mean that they're the only ones that can. Capabilities are cheap, even free. Technical ability is rising around the world, and individuals and small groups have the advantage. So today it might just be the NSA and GCHQ, but who's to say that the Chinese can't find that backdoor? Or in another generation, some kid in his basement in Estonia?
And so I would say that it's not what governments can do, it's that they can't. Governments today need to give up power and control in order to help make us more secure. Giving up mass surveillance and hacking and instead fixing those backdoors means that, yeah, they can't spy on us, but neither can the Chinese or that hacker in Estonia a generation from now. And government support for technologies like Tor and Bitcoin mean giving up control, but it means that developers, translators, anybody with an Internet connection, in countries like Cuba, Iran and China, can sell their skills, their products, in the global marketplace, but more importantly sell their ideas, show us what's happening in their own countries.
And so it should be not fearful, it should be inspiring to the same governments that fought for civil rights, free speech and democracy in the great wars of the last century, that today, for the first time in human history, we have a technical opportunity to make billions of people safer around the world that we've never had before in human history. It should be inspiring.
(Applause)
Article source : https://www.ted.com/talks/rodrigo_bijou_governments_don_t_understand_cyber_warfare_we_need_hackers/transcript?language=en
<Questions>
Q1. What is the 'Cyber warfare'? Do you know what the 'Psy-ops'?
Q2. If your social connection is highly related to the Internet or SNS, you should worry about cyber attacking or psychological operations. How do you connect with others or information mostly?
Q3. Do you think your perceptions are soly connected to the internet? Then do you have any intention to broaden your connection into different sources for better information safety?
Q4. If you realized that you were exposed to the information with psychological operations, how would you react to it?
Q5. Do we need 'Cyber security'? Do we need a 'white hacker'?
Q6. Now, we live in Korea which is a highly connected society through the internet. What if our society is ruined and halted by some cyber attack? Have you ever imagine those situation?
Q7. Compare to the other nations, what security measures do we have ?
Q8. Do you think our country is best prepared for cyber attacking?
Q9. Have you ever been hacked by someone? How did you react to it?
Five New Year's Resolutions That Will Change Your Life
JAN 10, 2015 @ 01:05 PM/ Shane Robinson , CONTRIBUTOR
We all likely have many more than five goals we’d like to accomplish this year, but in keeping with the lean mentality, I’ll keep things simple and give you just five, which, if done mindfully can have dramatic ripple effects on your health, happiness and professional success—and perhaps all the other goals you’ve set for yourself.
1: Smile more.
It is well known among social psychologists now that the simple act of smiling can make you happier and healthier, even if your smile is a forced one—so practice more in 2015! This effect apparently happens for two main reasons. According to the facial feedback hypothesis, smiling activates the release of dopamine, endorphins and serotonin, neurotransmitters that help reduce stress and elicit positive emotions. In other words, while your brain usually controls your muscles, your muscles (i.e., smiling!) can actually influence your brain. In essence, the brain senses the flexion of our facial muscles and, concluding that we must be happy about something, starts to make us feel happier.
Smiling works for another more obvious reason—it is contagious, literally. According to a Swedish study, when people are exposed to emotional facial expressions, they tend to unconsciously mimic those expressions, positive or negative, which as just discussed may influence their emotions. The key takeaway: when you smile, you may appear more inviting, attractive, relaxed and sincere to others. And when you don’t smile, the impression you give may be the opposite. (For other great tips on how changing your body language can have a profound impact on your life, check out Amy Cuddy’s TED Talk.)
2: Maintain a health and fitness regimen.
The health impacts of regular physical exercise are widely known (and very important to your success as a leader). But, in addition to reducing stress, fighting disease and improving mood, energy and sleep, getting regular exercise and eating healthier can also make you appear to be a better leader. In fact, according to Harvard Business Review, healthy-looking individuals are perceived as better leaders than even intelligent-looking people.
3: Schedule personal time.
That’s right, schedule your personal time. Many of us are used to scheduling, but for some reason only seem to do so in the context of work (e.g., meetings, project deadlines, etc.). However, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the most productive people are not actually the busiest but rather those who prioritize their free time—for personal passions, for family, for activities completely unrelated to their jobs.
As reported by Fast Company, social networking company Draugiem Group recently used the productivity app DeskTime to determine which habits distinguished their most productive employees from everyone else. They discovered that the top 10% of their most productive employees not only didn’t put in longer hours than anyone else but also didn’t even work full eight-hour days. Instead, they took 17-minute breaks for every 52 minutes worked, spending those breaks completely away from their work and email.
What the Draugiem Group results show is something that researchers have increasingly been concluding: that the best way to improve performance and focus is to reserve time to refresh yourself. In the New Year, schedule time for family, friends and passions. Your work will improve, your relationships will improve, and you never know what meaningless knowledge you’ll accumulate in the process—of scuba, Star Trek, baking, or any other hobby—that will help you form great new relationships.
4. Don’t commit to things you can’t do.
There’s quite a bit of literature out there about the fake-it-until-you-make-it mentality—that is, committing to things outside your comfort zone in an effort to grow and improve. But in this case, I’m referring more to those activities you just know you can’t do. Can’t make it to dinner with your friend next week but prefer to say ‘maybe’ so you can delay the disappointment? Just say you can’t. Not overextending yourself will save you time and consternation down the road, and when you do commit, you’ll actually follow through—and become known as a person whose word means something.
5. Use your calendar.
One of the best ways to stay on top of your goals is to schedule—relentlessly. Managing your to-do list in an online calendar will help you miss fewer deadlines, keep you organized, and ensure that you are prioritizing your most important tasks. Key non-work items to schedule include seeing family and friends, reading the news and books, engaging in personal hobbies and checking personal finances.
The point is to think of your personal to-do list the way a software development team might think of an agile project, breaking large tasks into incremental, iterative projects and continuously evaluating whether you must reprioritize. Get your time management app or calendar of choice, assign a time to your tasks and then continuously prioritize based on importance. Countless interviews suggest that the most successful CEOs are often the ones who most actively manage their to-dos.
Don’t Just Set, Maintain
Success with resolutions, as with business objectives, isn’t merely about setting goals but maintaining them. Come up with your own system to periodically monitor your progress and assess whether a change in strategy is necessary. That requires will power, discipline and a fluctuation in mindset between living in the moment and planning.
And, sure, you can have a much longer list of goals this year, but these five resolutions are about creating overall alignment—between your goals and reality, and between your identity and others’ perceptions of you—and becoming a more well-rounded leader with a 360-degree understanding of yourself and consequently your organization.
Article source : http://www.forbes.com/sites/shanerobinson/2015/01/10/five-new-years-resolutions-that-will-change-your-life/
Top 10 Commonly Broken New Year's Resolutions
Happy 2012! As we all vow to do a whole host of things most of us will not follow through on, TIME brings you the resolutions most often forgotten
Promises, Promises
Lose Weight and Get Fit
Quit Smoking
Learn Something New
Eat Healthier and Diet
Get Out of Debt and Save Money
Spend More Time with Family
Travel to New Places
Be Less Stressed
Volunteer
Drink Less
Aricle source: http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,2040218,00.html
50 New Year’s Resolution Ideas And How To Achieve Each Of Them
1. Get in shape:
Article source : http://www.lifehack.org/articles/communication/50-new-years-resolution-ideas-and-how-achieve-each-them.html
<Questions>
Q1. How many resolutions did you achieve this year?
Q2. Do you have any commonly broken New year's Resolutions?
Q3. According to an first article, 5 new year's resolutions will help you change your life. And 5 resolutions are 'Smile more', 'Maintain a health and fitness regimen', 'Schedule personal rime', 'Don't commit to things you can't do' and 'Use your calendar', Which one is the most useful to you ?
Q4. Do you use calendar? Can you find any advantages and disadvantages for using your own calendar?
Q5. Can you name your Top 5 New year's Resolutions for 2016 ?
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